1. A newly admitted patient with pneumonia has an oral temperature of 102°F, an oxygen saturation
of 93%, diminished breath sounds bilaterally, and the patient is unable to cough effectively. The
nurse has received orders for oxygen therapy, intravenous antibiotics, antipyretic medication, and
sputum specimen collection. What should be the nurse's first action?
A. Provide humidified oxygen.
B. Obtain the sputum specimen.
C. Give the intravenous antibiotic.
D. Administer the antipyretic medication.
2. What signs and symptoms does the nurse anticipate to find in a patient diagnosed with
tuberculosis? Select all that apply.
A. Lethargy
B. Dyspnea
C. Weight gain
D. Night sweats
E. Low-grade fever
A. Lethargy, D. Night sweats, E. Low-grade fever
3. The nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with pneumonia. Which position assumed by
the patient leads the nurse to suspect that the patient is developing hypoxia?
A. Side-lying
B. Sitting in tripod position
C. Prone with head of bed at 30° angle
D. Supine with head of bed at 45° angle
B. Sitting in tripod position
4. Which virus is a strain of the bird flu?
A. H1N7
B. H1N1
C. H1N5
D. H5N1
D. H5N1
5. What is the most important information for the nurse to convey to a patient who is beginning
pharmacological therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis to ensure suppression of the disease?
A. "Eat a diet rich in Vitamin K."
B. "Do not drink alcoholic beverages."
C. "Take the medication exactly as prescribed."
D. "Contact the health care provider if you become ill."
C. "Take the medication exactly as prescribed."
6. What education will be provided for the family of a patient being treated for tuberculosis
convalescing at home?
, A. Use airborne precautions.
B. Place used tissues in a trash can.
C. Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing.
D. Everyone must undergo tuberculosis testing.
D. Everyone must undergo tuberculosis testing.
7. A patient who has begun standard multidrug treatment for tuberculosis (TB) reports orange-
tinged sputum and urine. The nurse tells the patient that this symptom represents which response
to the treatment regimen?
A. Normal drug side effects of rifampin
B. Hemolysis and a potential for anemia
C. Drug resistance with spread of infection
D. Hepatotoxicity caused by drinking alcohol
A. Normal drug side effects of rifampin
8. A patient is about to begin drug therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). What information
is most important for the nurse to give to this patient prior to the start of therapy?
A. "Do not drink alcohol."
B. "Eat foods high in carbohydrates."
C. "Take medications in the morning."
D. "Limit ingestion of orange or grapefruit juice."
A. "Do not drink alcohol."
9. A patient with pneumonia has difficulty clearing secretions in his airway, which are quite thick.
Which nursing intervention does the nurse include in this patient's plan of care?
A. Encourage an intake of 2 liters of fluid per day.
B. Help the patient to ambulate several times daily.
C. Give intravenous antibiotics as ordered by the provider.
D. Administer pain medications on schedule to provide comfort.
A. Encourage an intake of 2 liters of fluid per day.
10. The radiology report of a patient who has had a chest x-ray shows consolidation in a segment of
the patient's left lung. This is typical of which type of pneumonia?
A. Viral
B. Lobar
C. Bronchial
D. Bacterial
B. Lobar
11. Which assessment findings does the nurse anticipate for the patient suspected of having
pneumonia? Select all that apply.
A. Myalgia
, B. Dyspnea
C. Bradypnea
D. Bradycardia
E. Hemoptysis
A. Myalgia, B. Dyspnea, E. Hemoptysis
12. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a patient with active tuberculosis (TB) who has
been prescribed isoniazid. What information about medication administration does the nurse
include when providing discharge instructions?
A. "Take the drug on an empty stomach."
B. "Take the drug with food for better absorption."
C. "Take an antacid with the drug for better absorption."
D. "Take the drug with a full glass of water and increase your water intake."
A. "Take the drug on an empty stomach."
13. What consideration is important for the nurse to remember when managing the care of a patient
with hospital-acquired pneumonia?
A. Provide suctioning as needed.
B. Monitor for early signs of sepsis.
C. Provide stress ulcer prophylaxis.
D. Elevate the head of the bed at least 30 degrees.
B. Monitor for early signs of sepsis.
14. Which nursing interventions are focused on preventing the spread of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) caused by coronaviruses? Select all that apply.
A. Using strict airborne isolation techniques
B. Handwashing before and after all patient care
C. Disinfecting contaminated surfaces and equipment
D. Using Contact Precautions with people suspected to have SARS
E. Reporting the occurrence to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A. Using strict airborne isolation techniques, B. Handwashing before and after all patient care, C.
Disinfecting contaminated surfaces and equipment, D. Using Contact Precautions with people suspected
to have SARS
15. The nurse has been instructed to administer tuberculosis (TB) medication to a patient who has been
noncompliant by directly observed therapy. Which statement by the nurse will assist the patient in
understanding this therapy?
A. "You must swallow your pills in front of me."
B. "It is necessary for you to call me right after you take your medications."
C. "I will check your pill bottles every day to make sure you are taking your medications."
D. "I will meet you at the pharmacy to make sure you are picking up the correct prescriptions."
A. "You must swallow your pills in front of me."
, 16. What recommendations will the nurse make for a patient and his or her family about the prevention of
pneumonia? Select all that apply.
A. Get plenty of exercise.
B. Avoid indoor pollutants.
C. Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
D. Drink at least 1 L of fluid a day.
E. Avoid crowded areas during flu season and holidays.
B. Avoid indoor pollutants, C. Eat a healthy, balanced diet, E. Avoid crowded areas during flu season and
holidays.
17. Which pathological findings associated with pneumonia result in an increased respiratory rate and
dyspnea? Select all that apply.
A. Pain
B. Anxiety
C. Alveolar consolidation
D. Stimulation of J receptors
E. Pulmonary capillary shunting
A. Pain, B. Anxiety, D. Stimulation of J receptors
18. What could be the possible diagnosis for a patient who presents with pain in the throat, difficulty
swallowing, swelling in the throat, and difficulty in opening the mouth?
A. Tonsillitis
B. Pharyngitis
C. Peritonsillar abscess
D. Retropharyngeal abscess
C. Peritonsillar abscess
19. Incentive spirometry for the treatment of pneumonia has which outcome objective?
A. Reduced sputum production and increased cough
B. Reduced crackles and wheezes and improved oxygenation
C. Improved expiratory air flow and increased respiratory effort
D. Increased inspiratory muscle action and decreased atelectasis
D. Increased inspiratory muscle action and decreased atelectasis
20. A patient with suspected initial infection of tuberculosis (TB) is admitted to the respiratory intensive
care unit (ICU). The nurse caring for the patient reviews the patient's recent chest x-ray. Where on the
patient's chest x-ray will the nurse most likely find evidence of the patient's infection? Select all that
apply.
A. Left lower lobe
B. Left upper lobe
C. Right lower lobe
of 93%, diminished breath sounds bilaterally, and the patient is unable to cough effectively. The
nurse has received orders for oxygen therapy, intravenous antibiotics, antipyretic medication, and
sputum specimen collection. What should be the nurse's first action?
A. Provide humidified oxygen.
B. Obtain the sputum specimen.
C. Give the intravenous antibiotic.
D. Administer the antipyretic medication.
2. What signs and symptoms does the nurse anticipate to find in a patient diagnosed with
tuberculosis? Select all that apply.
A. Lethargy
B. Dyspnea
C. Weight gain
D. Night sweats
E. Low-grade fever
A. Lethargy, D. Night sweats, E. Low-grade fever
3. The nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with pneumonia. Which position assumed by
the patient leads the nurse to suspect that the patient is developing hypoxia?
A. Side-lying
B. Sitting in tripod position
C. Prone with head of bed at 30° angle
D. Supine with head of bed at 45° angle
B. Sitting in tripod position
4. Which virus is a strain of the bird flu?
A. H1N7
B. H1N1
C. H1N5
D. H5N1
D. H5N1
5. What is the most important information for the nurse to convey to a patient who is beginning
pharmacological therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis to ensure suppression of the disease?
A. "Eat a diet rich in Vitamin K."
B. "Do not drink alcoholic beverages."
C. "Take the medication exactly as prescribed."
D. "Contact the health care provider if you become ill."
C. "Take the medication exactly as prescribed."
6. What education will be provided for the family of a patient being treated for tuberculosis
convalescing at home?
, A. Use airborne precautions.
B. Place used tissues in a trash can.
C. Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing.
D. Everyone must undergo tuberculosis testing.
D. Everyone must undergo tuberculosis testing.
7. A patient who has begun standard multidrug treatment for tuberculosis (TB) reports orange-
tinged sputum and urine. The nurse tells the patient that this symptom represents which response
to the treatment regimen?
A. Normal drug side effects of rifampin
B. Hemolysis and a potential for anemia
C. Drug resistance with spread of infection
D. Hepatotoxicity caused by drinking alcohol
A. Normal drug side effects of rifampin
8. A patient is about to begin drug therapy for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). What information
is most important for the nurse to give to this patient prior to the start of therapy?
A. "Do not drink alcohol."
B. "Eat foods high in carbohydrates."
C. "Take medications in the morning."
D. "Limit ingestion of orange or grapefruit juice."
A. "Do not drink alcohol."
9. A patient with pneumonia has difficulty clearing secretions in his airway, which are quite thick.
Which nursing intervention does the nurse include in this patient's plan of care?
A. Encourage an intake of 2 liters of fluid per day.
B. Help the patient to ambulate several times daily.
C. Give intravenous antibiotics as ordered by the provider.
D. Administer pain medications on schedule to provide comfort.
A. Encourage an intake of 2 liters of fluid per day.
10. The radiology report of a patient who has had a chest x-ray shows consolidation in a segment of
the patient's left lung. This is typical of which type of pneumonia?
A. Viral
B. Lobar
C. Bronchial
D. Bacterial
B. Lobar
11. Which assessment findings does the nurse anticipate for the patient suspected of having
pneumonia? Select all that apply.
A. Myalgia
, B. Dyspnea
C. Bradypnea
D. Bradycardia
E. Hemoptysis
A. Myalgia, B. Dyspnea, E. Hemoptysis
12. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a patient with active tuberculosis (TB) who has
been prescribed isoniazid. What information about medication administration does the nurse
include when providing discharge instructions?
A. "Take the drug on an empty stomach."
B. "Take the drug with food for better absorption."
C. "Take an antacid with the drug for better absorption."
D. "Take the drug with a full glass of water and increase your water intake."
A. "Take the drug on an empty stomach."
13. What consideration is important for the nurse to remember when managing the care of a patient
with hospital-acquired pneumonia?
A. Provide suctioning as needed.
B. Monitor for early signs of sepsis.
C. Provide stress ulcer prophylaxis.
D. Elevate the head of the bed at least 30 degrees.
B. Monitor for early signs of sepsis.
14. Which nursing interventions are focused on preventing the spread of severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) caused by coronaviruses? Select all that apply.
A. Using strict airborne isolation techniques
B. Handwashing before and after all patient care
C. Disinfecting contaminated surfaces and equipment
D. Using Contact Precautions with people suspected to have SARS
E. Reporting the occurrence to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A. Using strict airborne isolation techniques, B. Handwashing before and after all patient care, C.
Disinfecting contaminated surfaces and equipment, D. Using Contact Precautions with people suspected
to have SARS
15. The nurse has been instructed to administer tuberculosis (TB) medication to a patient who has been
noncompliant by directly observed therapy. Which statement by the nurse will assist the patient in
understanding this therapy?
A. "You must swallow your pills in front of me."
B. "It is necessary for you to call me right after you take your medications."
C. "I will check your pill bottles every day to make sure you are taking your medications."
D. "I will meet you at the pharmacy to make sure you are picking up the correct prescriptions."
A. "You must swallow your pills in front of me."
, 16. What recommendations will the nurse make for a patient and his or her family about the prevention of
pneumonia? Select all that apply.
A. Get plenty of exercise.
B. Avoid indoor pollutants.
C. Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
D. Drink at least 1 L of fluid a day.
E. Avoid crowded areas during flu season and holidays.
B. Avoid indoor pollutants, C. Eat a healthy, balanced diet, E. Avoid crowded areas during flu season and
holidays.
17. Which pathological findings associated with pneumonia result in an increased respiratory rate and
dyspnea? Select all that apply.
A. Pain
B. Anxiety
C. Alveolar consolidation
D. Stimulation of J receptors
E. Pulmonary capillary shunting
A. Pain, B. Anxiety, D. Stimulation of J receptors
18. What could be the possible diagnosis for a patient who presents with pain in the throat, difficulty
swallowing, swelling in the throat, and difficulty in opening the mouth?
A. Tonsillitis
B. Pharyngitis
C. Peritonsillar abscess
D. Retropharyngeal abscess
C. Peritonsillar abscess
19. Incentive spirometry for the treatment of pneumonia has which outcome objective?
A. Reduced sputum production and increased cough
B. Reduced crackles and wheezes and improved oxygenation
C. Improved expiratory air flow and increased respiratory effort
D. Increased inspiratory muscle action and decreased atelectasis
D. Increased inspiratory muscle action and decreased atelectasis
20. A patient with suspected initial infection of tuberculosis (TB) is admitted to the respiratory intensive
care unit (ICU). The nurse caring for the patient reviews the patient's recent chest x-ray. Where on the
patient's chest x-ray will the nurse most likely find evidence of the patient's infection? Select all that
apply.
A. Left lower lobe
B. Left upper lobe
C. Right lower lobe
