Engineering
Thermodynamics
FOURTH EDITION, ,
M. David Burghardt
Hofstra University
James A. Harbach
U.S. Merchant Marine Academy
=t.: HarperCollinsCollegePublishers
,Engineering
Thermodynamics
FOURTH EDITION · · " . ·· ·
,To Linda and Phyllis
Sponsoring Editor: John Lenchek
Project Editor: Randee Wire/Carol Zombo
Art Director: Julie Anderson
Cover Design: Julie Anderson
C.over Illustration: Rolin Graphics
Production Adininistrator: Brian Branstetter
Compositor: Progressive Typographers, Inc.
Printer and Binder: R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company
Cover Printer: The Lehigh Press, Inc.
Engineering Thermodynamics•.Fourth Edition ,.
Copyright © 1993 by HarperCollins College Publishers
All rights reserved . .Printed in the United States of America. No part of this bopk may be uSed
or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission, except in the case of
brief quotations emb,odied in critical articles and reviews. For information address Harper-
Collins Colle,ge Publishers, 10 East 53rd Street, New York, NY 10022.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Burghardt, M. David.
Engineering thermodynamics. --..4th ed./M. David Burghardt, James
A. Harbach.
p. em.
Rev. ed. of: Engineering thermodynamics with applications. 3rd ed.
© 1986.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-06-041049-3
1. Thermodynamics. I. Harbach, James A. II. Burghardt, M. David
Engineering thermodynamics with applications. Ill Title
TJ265.887 1992
621.402' 1-dc20 92-30663
CIP
92 93 94 95 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, Contents
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 lntroducticm 1
Chapter 2 Definitions and Units 15
2.1 Macroscopic and Microscopic 2.9 Pressure 31
Analysis 16 • 2.10 Equality of Temperature 35
2.2 Substances 16 2.11 Zeroth Law of
2.3 Systems- Fixed Mass and Fixed Thermodynamics 35
Space 16 2.12 Temperature Scales 36
2.4 Properties, Intensive and 2.13 Guidelines for Thermodynamic
Extensive 19 Problem Solution 39
2.5 Phases of a Substance 20 Concept Questions 41
2.6 Processes and Cycles 20 Problems (51) 41
2. 7 Unit Systems 21 Problems (English Units) 45
2.8 Specific Volume 30 Computer Problems 47
Chapter 3 Conservation of Mass and Energy 48
3.1 Conservation of Mass 49 3.6 Further Examples of Energy
3.2 Energy Forms 51 Analysis 83
3.3 First Corollary of the First Law 70 Concept Questions 89
3.4 Energy as a Property 74 Problems (51) 90
3.5 Second Corollary of the First Problems (English Units) 96
Law 75 Computer Problems 100
Chapter 4 Properties of Pure Substances 101
4.1 The State Principle 102 4.7 Three-Dimensional Surface 107
4.2 Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium 103 4.8 Tables of Thermodynamic
4.3 Saturated Properties 103 Properties 109
4.4 Critical Properties 104 Concept Questions 120
4.5 Solid-Liquid-Vapor Problems (51) 121
Equilibrium 105 Problems (English Units) 125
4.6 Quality 107 Computer Problems 128
Thermodynamics
FOURTH EDITION, ,
M. David Burghardt
Hofstra University
James A. Harbach
U.S. Merchant Marine Academy
=t.: HarperCollinsCollegePublishers
,Engineering
Thermodynamics
FOURTH EDITION · · " . ·· ·
,To Linda and Phyllis
Sponsoring Editor: John Lenchek
Project Editor: Randee Wire/Carol Zombo
Art Director: Julie Anderson
Cover Design: Julie Anderson
C.over Illustration: Rolin Graphics
Production Adininistrator: Brian Branstetter
Compositor: Progressive Typographers, Inc.
Printer and Binder: R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company
Cover Printer: The Lehigh Press, Inc.
Engineering Thermodynamics•.Fourth Edition ,.
Copyright © 1993 by HarperCollins College Publishers
All rights reserved . .Printed in the United States of America. No part of this bopk may be uSed
or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission, except in the case of
brief quotations emb,odied in critical articles and reviews. For information address Harper-
Collins Colle,ge Publishers, 10 East 53rd Street, New York, NY 10022.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Burghardt, M. David.
Engineering thermodynamics. --..4th ed./M. David Burghardt, James
A. Harbach.
p. em.
Rev. ed. of: Engineering thermodynamics with applications. 3rd ed.
© 1986.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-06-041049-3
1. Thermodynamics. I. Harbach, James A. II. Burghardt, M. David
Engineering thermodynamics with applications. Ill Title
TJ265.887 1992
621.402' 1-dc20 92-30663
CIP
92 93 94 95 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, Contents
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 lntroducticm 1
Chapter 2 Definitions and Units 15
2.1 Macroscopic and Microscopic 2.9 Pressure 31
Analysis 16 • 2.10 Equality of Temperature 35
2.2 Substances 16 2.11 Zeroth Law of
2.3 Systems- Fixed Mass and Fixed Thermodynamics 35
Space 16 2.12 Temperature Scales 36
2.4 Properties, Intensive and 2.13 Guidelines for Thermodynamic
Extensive 19 Problem Solution 39
2.5 Phases of a Substance 20 Concept Questions 41
2.6 Processes and Cycles 20 Problems (51) 41
2. 7 Unit Systems 21 Problems (English Units) 45
2.8 Specific Volume 30 Computer Problems 47
Chapter 3 Conservation of Mass and Energy 48
3.1 Conservation of Mass 49 3.6 Further Examples of Energy
3.2 Energy Forms 51 Analysis 83
3.3 First Corollary of the First Law 70 Concept Questions 89
3.4 Energy as a Property 74 Problems (51) 90
3.5 Second Corollary of the First Problems (English Units) 96
Law 75 Computer Problems 100
Chapter 4 Properties of Pure Substances 101
4.1 The State Principle 102 4.7 Three-Dimensional Surface 107
4.2 Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium 103 4.8 Tables of Thermodynamic
4.3 Saturated Properties 103 Properties 109
4.4 Critical Properties 104 Concept Questions 120
4.5 Solid-Liquid-Vapor Problems (51) 121
Equilibrium 105 Problems (English Units) 125
4.6 Quality 107 Computer Problems 128
