ERSC181 – Final Exam Review 2021 c0mplete solution

The nucleus is composed of which two subatomic particles? Correct answer - protons and neutrons Of the top elements present on the Earth, which of the following is found is the smallest quantity— calcium, iron, or magnesium? Correct answer - magnesium These minerals readily dissolve in slightly acidic water? Correct answer - carbonates The tendency of a mineral to break along certain planes to make smooth surfaces is called what? Correct answer - cleavage A silicate tetrahedron is composed of what? Correct answer - one silicon atom and four oxygen atoms Which subatomic particle is NOT found in the nucleus? Correct answer - electron Which two elements are the scarcest in the crust? Correct answer - potassium and magnesium The periodic table provides a lot of information. Which of the following is NOT provided by the periodic table? Correct answer - isotope number Which element comprises about 8% of the crust? Correct answer - aluminum The elements on periodic table are arranged is a specific way. How are they arranged? Correct answer - by atomic number Which type of bond involves the transfer of electrons? Correct answer - ionic Why is color not always reliable when identifying minerals? Correct answer - because the same mineral can be different colors Which element comprises about 27% of the crust? Correct answer - silicon Which of the following is the best definition of a hypothesis? Correct answer - a hypothesis is an explanation of a question that can be tested Which type of fieldnotes is the recording of factual data? Correct answer - descriptive Which type of map shows the different types of rocks found in an area? Correct answer - geologic Which type of variable is manipulated or changed during an experiment? Correct answer - independent Which type of geologist studies composition and structure of minerals? Correct answer - mineralogist The scientific method is not always linear. Why? Correct answer - because it may be necessary to re-evaluate your hypothesis Why is it important to have a good hypothesis? Correct answer - A good hypothesis is key to the design of the experiment and the interpretation of data. Geology is unique because geologists rely on information and data from: Correct answer - the present and the past Geologists study all but which of the following? Correct answer - current life Which type of map shows lines representing elevations? Correct answer - topographic Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical model? Correct answer - an equation Which of the following is an example of a hypotheses? Correct answer - if stress is put on a fault, an earthquake may result