HESI PN Nutrition Practice Exam 2022 with complete solution

The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). What information is most important for the PN to reinforce with the client about life-style changes Correct answer- Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selectiions The practical nrse (PN) suspects that a male client is altering his own diabetic journals to please his healthcare provider. Which laboratory test should the PN review to evaluate the clients compliance with self management for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)? Correct answer- Hemoglobin A1c. The Practical nrse (PN) is evaluating a client for an increased need of B12 after undergoing a subtotal gastrectomy. Which foods should the PN recommend that the client include in the diet. Correct answer- Cheese, eggs, and fish. The home health practical nrse (PN) is caring a client with a stage III pressure ulcer. Which food groupthat contains zinc should be added to the client's dietto aide in wound healing? Correct answer- Meats and shellfish The practical nrse (PN) receives four new admissions in an assisted living community. After reviewing the clients' medical histories, which client should the PN evaluate for a higher caloric diet? Correct answer- A client with bacterial pneumonia. The practical nrse (PN) is assisting and Orthodox Jewish client who has dementia make weekly dinner choices in an assisted living community. Which main course selections should the PN suggest that are suitable for a kosher diet? Correct answer- Lamb chops with mint jelly. The practical nrse (PN) is evaluating the client's knowledge of low-sodium menu selections. Which food items listed by the client confirm appropriate choices? (select all that apply.) Correct answer- A. White rice with steamed vegetables. B. Cottage cheese with sliced tomatoes. A client who is lactose intolerant asks the practical nrse (PN) for suggestions about different food sources that are enriched in calcium and vitamin D. Which foods should the PN suggest? Correct answer- Fortified soy products. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing guidelines to manage stress incontinence with a female client. Which dietary change should the PN emphasize that will benefit the client? Correct answer- Avoid alcohol and caffeine. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing the dietary recommendations with the client who had a partial gastrectomy and experienced dumping syndrome. Which statement by the client indicates that the recommendations were understood? Correct answer- Fluids should be limited to eight ounces with meals. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing a list of foods with the family that are recommended for an older client who recently had a total colectomy and colostomy. Which food item should the PN discuss about including in the client's postoperative diet? Correct answer- Chicken noodle soup. The practical nrse (PN) interviews a client who had a total colectomy 2 weeks ago. The client claims to be confident in the management of the new colostomy, but is having problems managing the odor. What suggestions should the PN provide the client to help decrease odor in the colostomy bag? (select all that apply) Correct answer- A. Eat foods containing yogurt. C. Drink a glass of buttermilk. D. Eat sprigs of parsley. The practical nrser (PN) reviews self-care with a male client who is newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which vitamin deficit due to liver damage should the PN discuss with the client that increases his susceptibility of bleeding? Correct answer- Vitamin K. The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a client with continuous feeding through a nasogastric (NG) tube at a continuous care rehabilitation community. Which position should the PN place the client to prevent aspiration? Correct answer- Semi-Fowler's A Chinese male client who moves into an assisted living communityis concerned that the community will not be able to meet his dietary preferences. What should the practical nrse include in the diet for this client based on his cultural group. Correct answer- Vegetables. An elderly client is an assisted living community is refusing to eat during meal time. The practical nrse (PN) discovers that the client has several mouth ulcers. What types of food should the PN suggest to promote intake and healing of ulcers? Correct answer- Poached or scrambled eggs A client is admitted with right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain after eating. What should the practical nrse ask the client about the meal's content that precipitated the pain? Correct answer- Saturated fat content The healthcare provider prescribes an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) for a male client with polyuria and polydypsia. The client is instructed to be NPO after midnight. What should the client be advised to drink with his morning medications? Correct answer- Water without flavorings. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing the diet with a client with acute cholecystitis. Which food selection demonstrates to the PN that the client understands dietary recommendations? Correct answer- Baked fish and tomatoes with lettuce. An older client receives a prescripton for psylium (Metamucil) for constipation. What information should the practical nrse (PN) provide the client about taking this supplement? Correct answer- Take supplement with 240 ml of liquid and follow with a second glass. The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a client who is receiving total parnteral which meatbolic change should the PN monitor the client for during administration for TPN Correct answer- Hyperglycemia. The practical nrse (PN) reviews the dietary treatment plan with a client who has a ascities secondary to cirrhosis of the liver. Which information should the PN include when reviewing the dietary plan? Correct answer- Restricted sodium intake. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing diet teaching for a client with a simple goiter. Which foods should the PN recommend that the client eliminate from the diet? Correct answer- Turnips. A client develops a vitamin K deficiency due to intestinal malabsorption. What intervention should the practical nrse implement in the plan of care? Correct answer- Monitor for signs of hematuria, melena. ecchymosis. During a nutrition consultation for elevated cholesterol, the dietitian recommends that the client replace saturated fats with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats. What explanation should the practical nrse reinforce with the client about this change in fat in the diet? Correct answer- Lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. The healthcare provider prescribes a protein supplement for an older client who is recovering after surgery. What information should the practical nrse provide the family about the value of the supplement? Correct answer- Additional protein promotes tissue healing postoperatively. The practical nrse reviews the client's medical record that indicates the client has pernicious anemia. Which vitamin deficit is associated with this type of anemia? Correct answer- Vitamin B12 A client who arrives at the urgent care clinic reporting diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain and nausea and tells the practical nrse (PN) the symptoms began after eating a can of beans. What is the likely cause of this type of foodborne illness? Correct answer- Clostridium botulinum. The practical nrse (PN) is visiting a client at home who asks if commercially prepared food products can age or spoil. Which foods should the PN explain have the likelihood of aging and creating a byprodcut that is not healthy? Correct answer- Jar of peanut butter. The practical nrse (PN) is discharging a new mother from the postpartum unit. Which statement made by the client during discharge indicates that the new mother needs reinforcement of the breastfeeding instructions? Correct answer- Drink one glass of wine while breast feeding to help with milk "let down." The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing dietary instructions to the parents of a 6-month-old baby boy diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU). Which foods should the PN direct the parents to eliminate in the infant's diet? Correct answer- Chicken and fish. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing teaching to a client who is on a low residue diet. Which foods should the PN recommend that the client avoid? Correct answer- Hard salami The practical nrse (PN) is preparing a client about a stool guaiac test. Which food should the PN tell the client to avoid 3 days prior to collecting the specimen for this test? Correct answer- Raw broccoli The practical nrse (PN) is discussing nutritional options with a female client who has mild hypertension. Which information should the PN recommend the client change in their daily diet? Correct answer- Decrease intake of canned foods. The practical nrse (PN) stresses to a female client the importance of osteoporosis prevention. Which foods should the PN recommend the client to include in her diet. Correct answer- Canned tuna. The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. Which foods should be limited in the client's diet? Correct answer- Peanut butter. The practical nrse (PN) is assisting a client with meal selections while in the hospital after a myocardial infarction (MI). Which client choices indicate to the PN that the client understands a prescribed low-fat, high fiber diet? Correct answer- Vegetable soup, carrots, legumes, celery, toasted oat bread, and an apple. Which foods should the practical nrse (PN) recommend for a client who is receiving chemotherapy? (select all that apply.) Correct answer- A. Cooked broccoli, cauliflower and boiled eggs. C. Baked potatoes. E. Pastas. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing with the parents of an 6-month-old baby about the dangers of botulism in food should the PN reinforce not feeding to their infant before the age of 12 months? Correct answer- Honey The practical nrse (PN) is caring for an older client with malnutirition. What factor is most likely contributing to this older client's nutritional status? Correct answer- Loss of teeth or poorly fitting dentures. The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a group of clients who are on a high protein diet. Which client's condition is most likely to experience the most therapeutic response with this diet? Correct answer- Client recovering form illness or surgery. The practical nrse (PN) is caring for a client with heart failure (HF). What outcome of the diet therapy should the PN evaluate as a theraputic response for this client? Correct answer- Control fluid balance. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing the education of a client who receives a new prescription. nifedipine (Procardia), for blood pressure management. Which dietary beverage should the PN direct the client to avoid while taking this medications? Correct answer- Grape fruit. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing the teaching to a pregnant client about her dietary needs. What amount of protein grams/day should the PN recommend that the client add to her daily diet? Correct answer- Divide pre-pregnant weigh by 2 eaqual protein needs. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing the teaching of diet and weight loss with a client who has the goal of losing 25 pounds. What is the most common problem that the PN should recognize about the accuracy of client reporting about daily food intake Correct answer- Under reporting of food intake. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing teaching to an obese adolescent girl. What is an effective strategy for the PN to recommend to the adolescent about weight management? Correct answer- Limit juices and soda drinks. The practical nrse (PN) is preparing a client for a surgery. Which criteria should the PN use to determine a client nutritional status before the procedure? Correct answer- Subjective Global Assessment. The practical nrse (PN) is reinforcing the importance of increasing magnesium in the diet for a priomigravida. The client asks why this is important? What information should the PN provide about magnesium needs during pregnanacy Correct answer- Enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and fats. The practical nrse obtains the assistance of an interpreter when when caring for a primiparous client from Mexico who speaks very little English and delivered a full term neonate yesterday. When reinforcing the postpartum dietary plan of care for the client. What should the PN tell the interpreter to encourage the client to include in her diet? (select all that apply.) Correct answer- A. Red meats B. Leafy green vegetables E. Fresh fruits. The practical nrse (PN) is reviewing a meal plan of foods rich in riboflavin for aprimigravida client. Which foods should the PN suggest that the client east at least 2 servings daily Correct answer- Enriched Cereals.