M2 : MODULE 2 REVIEW : ESSENTIAL MICROBIOLOGY QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 1 Your Answer: What is cellular metabolism? It is a set of controlled biochemical reactions that are critical to maintaining life in living organisms. Metabolism is a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Q 0 / 0 pts uestion 2 What is the primary function of enzymes, and how are they regulated? M2 : MODULE 2 REVIEW : ESSENTIAL MICROBIOLOGY QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 9/6/2020 M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab- Zangus Your Answer: Enzymes increase the pace of chemical reactions. They are generally under regulation by cofactors, in the form of metal ions, that provide that provide functions and assistance to enzymes during chemical reactions. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. Most notably, the enzyme is not consumed during the reaction and can be used repeatedly by the cell. Enzymes can also be regulated by a cofactor such that in the absence of the proper cofactor, enzymes are inactive while in its presence enzymes are active. Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 3 Your Answer: What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism? Catabolism us the metabolic process of breaking down larger molecules into their smaller building blocks which can be used for energy. Anabolism occurs when smaller molecules are combined to create bigger, more complex units. Catabolism is the process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources whereas anabolism is the building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from smaller molecular units into larger complexes, most often associated with cellular growth and repair. Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 4 9/6/2020 M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab- Zangus Answer 1: Answer 2: ATP has the energy to give , while ADP has the capacity to accept energy. ou Answered give orrect Answer Donate Correct! Accept Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 5 Your Answer: Chemotrophs can be subdivided into what two additional subgroups? Organotrophs and lithotrophs. Chemotrophs, which acquire energy from preformed chemicals found in the environment, can be divided into either organotrophs (removing electrons from organic molecules such as glucose) or lithotrophs, which remove electrons from inorganic molecules. Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 6 Chemotrophs utilize which form of phosphorylation? 9/6/2020 M2: Module 2 Review: Essential Microbiology with Lab- Zangus Your Answer: oxidative phosphorylation Chemotrophs use oxidative phosphorylation (as opposed to photo or substrate-level phosphorylation). Oxidative phosphorylation utilizes the energy released by the chemical oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Ques 0 / 0 pts tion 7 Your Answer: What are the three distinct stages in the catabolism of glucose? Glycolysis, then respiration or fermentation and electron transport chain. Glycolysis is the first step of this process and yields 2 molecules of ATP. Next, by either fermentation (or respiration) 2 additional molecules of ATP can be produced. Last, the electron transport chain (ETC) produces 34 ATP via an oxidative phosphorylation