BIOS 135 Lab Report Format for ModelChem Labs
I. Title Fly Lab Week 6 iLab
II. Introduction
FlyLab will allow you to play the role of a research geneticist. You will use FlyLab to study important
introductory principles of genetics by developing hypotheses and designing and conducting matings
between fruit flies with different mutations that you have selected. Once you have examined the
results of a simulated cross, you can perform a statistical test of your data by chi-square analysis and
apply these statistics to accept or reject your hypothesis for the predicted phenotypic ratio of offspring
for each cross. With FlyLab, it is possible to study multiple generations of offspring, and perform
testcrosses and backcrosses. FlyLab is a very versatile program; it can be used to learn elementary
genetic principles such as dominance, recessiveness, and Mendelian ratios, or more complex concepts
such as sex-linkage, epistasis, recombination, and genetic mapping.
The purpose of this laboratory is to:
Simulate basic principles of genetic inheritance based on Mendelian genetics by designing and
performing crosses between fruit flies.
Help you understand the relationship between an organism's genotype and its phenotype.
Demonstrate the importance of statistical analysis to accept or reject a hypothesis.
Use genetic crosses and recombination data to identify the location of genes on a chromosome by
genetic mapping.
(http://www.biologylabsonline.com/protected/FlyLab/?key=45227546213555817212016)
I will be working with monohybrid and di-hybrid crossbreeding with fruit flies. The main intention is to
see how Mendel’s first and second laws of breeding with different recessive trais and hypothesizing
different phenotype results. I had a homozygous female fruit fly that had certain physical traits, while I
changed the eye types, colors, body colors, and wing shapes with other male types.
III. Procedure
1) Open iLab and read through the introduction
2) Cross a WT Female With a WT Male Fly - To design a wild-type (WT) female fly, click
the design button below the gray image of the female fly. Click the button for the eye color trait on
the left side of the design view. The small button next to the words wild type should already be
selected (bolded). To choose this phenotype, click the select button below the image of the fly at
the bottom of the design screen. Remember that this fly represents a true-breeding parent that is
homozygous for wild-type alleles. The selected female fly now appears on the screen with a +
symbol indicating the wild-type phenotype. Do the same for the male fly.
, 3) Mate the Two WT Flies - To select the number of offspring to create by this mating, click the pop-
up menu on the left side of the screen and select 10,000 flies.
To mate the two flies, click the mate button between the two flies. Note the fly images that
appear in the box at the bottom of the screen.
Scroll up to see the parent flies and down to see the wild-type offspring. These offspring are
the F1 generation.
Click analyze results to see a table of your data. The data will be separated by male and
female and by phenotype. In this cross, all the flies should have a WT phenotype indicated
by a + sign.
4) Save Your Results - To save the results of this cross to your lab notes, click the results summary
button on the lower left side of the screen. A panel will appear with a summary of the results for
this cross.
Note the number of offspring, proportion of each phenotype, and observed ratios for each
observed phenotype.
Click the add to lab notes button at the bottom of the panel.
Click OK to close this panel. To comment on these results in your lab notes, click the lab
notes button, move the cursor to the space above the dashed line, and type a comment
such as, "These are the results of the F1 generation for my first monohybrid cross."
Click the close button to close this panel and return to the mate screen.
5) Cross a WT Female With a Mutant Male - Take the cross to the F2 generation. Design the female fly
as described in Step 2 above.
6) Repeat Steps 1–6 for Four Other Traits - Perform four more crosses as described above.
WT female X Vestigial wing (VG) male
WT female X Ebony body (E) male
WT female X Dumpy wing (Dp) male
WT female X Brown eye (BW) male
Before proceeding, do a Punnett square of each cross to predict the results if the mutation
is recessive and if the mutation is dominant.
7) Perform a Dihybrid Cross - In this cross, you will examine the inheritance of two phenotypes at the
same time.
Design a WT female fly as above.
Design a male fly with both sepia eyes and dumpy wings (SE, Dp).
Mate these flies as above, carrying the cross to the F2 generation.
(Instructions taken from the course shell)
IV. Observations and Results
Lab Results and Information
Male to Female ratio:
I. Title Fly Lab Week 6 iLab
II. Introduction
FlyLab will allow you to play the role of a research geneticist. You will use FlyLab to study important
introductory principles of genetics by developing hypotheses and designing and conducting matings
between fruit flies with different mutations that you have selected. Once you have examined the
results of a simulated cross, you can perform a statistical test of your data by chi-square analysis and
apply these statistics to accept or reject your hypothesis for the predicted phenotypic ratio of offspring
for each cross. With FlyLab, it is possible to study multiple generations of offspring, and perform
testcrosses and backcrosses. FlyLab is a very versatile program; it can be used to learn elementary
genetic principles such as dominance, recessiveness, and Mendelian ratios, or more complex concepts
such as sex-linkage, epistasis, recombination, and genetic mapping.
The purpose of this laboratory is to:
Simulate basic principles of genetic inheritance based on Mendelian genetics by designing and
performing crosses between fruit flies.
Help you understand the relationship between an organism's genotype and its phenotype.
Demonstrate the importance of statistical analysis to accept or reject a hypothesis.
Use genetic crosses and recombination data to identify the location of genes on a chromosome by
genetic mapping.
(http://www.biologylabsonline.com/protected/FlyLab/?key=45227546213555817212016)
I will be working with monohybrid and di-hybrid crossbreeding with fruit flies. The main intention is to
see how Mendel’s first and second laws of breeding with different recessive trais and hypothesizing
different phenotype results. I had a homozygous female fruit fly that had certain physical traits, while I
changed the eye types, colors, body colors, and wing shapes with other male types.
III. Procedure
1) Open iLab and read through the introduction
2) Cross a WT Female With a WT Male Fly - To design a wild-type (WT) female fly, click
the design button below the gray image of the female fly. Click the button for the eye color trait on
the left side of the design view. The small button next to the words wild type should already be
selected (bolded). To choose this phenotype, click the select button below the image of the fly at
the bottom of the design screen. Remember that this fly represents a true-breeding parent that is
homozygous for wild-type alleles. The selected female fly now appears on the screen with a +
symbol indicating the wild-type phenotype. Do the same for the male fly.
, 3) Mate the Two WT Flies - To select the number of offspring to create by this mating, click the pop-
up menu on the left side of the screen and select 10,000 flies.
To mate the two flies, click the mate button between the two flies. Note the fly images that
appear in the box at the bottom of the screen.
Scroll up to see the parent flies and down to see the wild-type offspring. These offspring are
the F1 generation.
Click analyze results to see a table of your data. The data will be separated by male and
female and by phenotype. In this cross, all the flies should have a WT phenotype indicated
by a + sign.
4) Save Your Results - To save the results of this cross to your lab notes, click the results summary
button on the lower left side of the screen. A panel will appear with a summary of the results for
this cross.
Note the number of offspring, proportion of each phenotype, and observed ratios for each
observed phenotype.
Click the add to lab notes button at the bottom of the panel.
Click OK to close this panel. To comment on these results in your lab notes, click the lab
notes button, move the cursor to the space above the dashed line, and type a comment
such as, "These are the results of the F1 generation for my first monohybrid cross."
Click the close button to close this panel and return to the mate screen.
5) Cross a WT Female With a Mutant Male - Take the cross to the F2 generation. Design the female fly
as described in Step 2 above.
6) Repeat Steps 1–6 for Four Other Traits - Perform four more crosses as described above.
WT female X Vestigial wing (VG) male
WT female X Ebony body (E) male
WT female X Dumpy wing (Dp) male
WT female X Brown eye (BW) male
Before proceeding, do a Punnett square of each cross to predict the results if the mutation
is recessive and if the mutation is dominant.
7) Perform a Dihybrid Cross - In this cross, you will examine the inheritance of two phenotypes at the
same time.
Design a WT female fly as above.
Design a male fly with both sepia eyes and dumpy wings (SE, Dp).
Mate these flies as above, carrying the cross to the F2 generation.
(Instructions taken from the course shell)
IV. Observations and Results
Lab Results and Information
Male to Female ratio:
