NUR 1025L
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
Fundamentals Exam #1 – Study Guide
Human body systems used:
● Cardiac
● Respiratory
● Skin
● Musculo – Skeletal
● Genito-Urinary
● Gastrointestinal
All registered nurses share commonalities, core of the same curriculum. Based on patient
needs, safe care and patient outcome
CHAPTER 1: Nursing Today
❖ Nursing is an art
❖ We learn to deliver care with compassion, caring and respect for patient’s dignity and
personhood
❖ Is based on body of knowledge, is continually changing with new discoveries
and innovations
Definition of nursing:
❖ Protection, promotion and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness
and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human
response; advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and population
(ANA, 2010)
❖ Based in human response treatment (nursing process), rather than the
physiological response (medical process)
Historical highlights:
1. Nurses respond to the needs of clients
2. In war responded to the wounded (combat zones and military hospitals)
3. Today active in best practice with the use of available evidence supporting their
practice (evidence is key)
4. Nurses are active in social policy and political arenas
Brief history of Nursing: Florence Nightingale
❖ Florence Nightingale served in the Crimean War by caring for soldiers
❖ Contributed to the standards of nursing care
❖ She noticed soldiers died from secondary effects infections
❖ First epidemiologist
❖ She implemented sanitization
❖ Organized the first nursing school
Contributions of Florence Nightingale:
1. Standards for hospital management infection control
,NUR 1025L
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
2. Respect for nursing as a profession training = respect
3. Established school of nursing in hospitals
4. Separated Nursing from Medicine differentiate roles
5. Nutrition, occupational and recreational therapy for better care & recovery
6. Importance of documentation keep track of procedures
7. Improved sanitation
The Civil War:
❖ Clara Barton: worked with the Red Cross with soldiers
❖ Lilian Wald & Mary Brewster: cared for the poor in NY City
❖ Mary Mahoney: 1st professionally trained African American nurse promoted respect for
the individual not the race
Contemporary Influences:
Importance of The Affordable Care Demographic Medically
Nurse’s Self Act and Rising Health Changes Underserved
Care Care Costs
Stress, burnouts, Obama Care and People coming Low paid jobs,
fatigue and how to more insurances + from places where homeless and
cope (always be more clients = how they wouldn’t come mentally ill patients
sensitive) to cut costs? before and also
people living longer
Trends in Nursing:
❖ Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) teamwork, evidence, collaboration,
quality improvement(monitor outcome), safety (minimize harm), informatics
(technology) and patient care
❖ Nursing public perception most trusted profession in USA and essential to providing
care
❖ Nursing’s impact on politics and health policy more political, health care reformats
contribution and decision making
❖ Evidence-Based Practice to find the best delivery of care
Nursing Education:
❖ Professional Registered Nurse: AA degree or BSN (provides minimal standards
of knowledge)
❖ Graduate Education: master’s, PhD, doctorate/ doctorate nursing practice
❖ Continuing Education: seminars and courses
❖ In-Service Education: new equipment or procedure with training
Nurse Practice Act and Licensure:
, NUR 1025L
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
❖ Established to regulate nursing practice; to protect the public by defining the
legal scope of nursing practice, excluding untrained or unlicensed individuals
from practicing nursing
❖ Regulate practice
❖ License NCLEX
❖ Standards to be met
❖ What you can and can’t do
❖ Proper training
State Board of Nursing
❖ Sets standards for entry into practice state license
❖ Ensures school requirements education
❖ Enforces the Nurse Practice Act suspension or revocation of license
❖ Defines standards of nursing practice:
1. Knowledge of behavioral + physiological + biological + social science
2. Nursing theories
3. Ethics and social values
4. Autonomy
5. Commitment + community
Professional Responsibilities and Roles
Autonomy and Accountability Independent + decision making
Caregiver ❖ You help patients keep and gain
health, manage symptoms and
with independence
❖ Provide evidence-based nursing
❖ Healing in every sense
Advocate Protect human and legal rights in case a
situation needs it (be there to stand up
for
them)
Educator Explain concepts and facts, the why,
demonstrate procedures and reinforce
patient behavior with evaluable process
(lifestyle teaching)
Communicator ❖ Central to nurse-patient relationship
❖ Communicate and know your patients
Manager Establish an environment for patient
-centered care to provide safe and quality
service (leader for patient care)
Career development:
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
Fundamentals Exam #1 – Study Guide
Human body systems used:
● Cardiac
● Respiratory
● Skin
● Musculo – Skeletal
● Genito-Urinary
● Gastrointestinal
All registered nurses share commonalities, core of the same curriculum. Based on patient
needs, safe care and patient outcome
CHAPTER 1: Nursing Today
❖ Nursing is an art
❖ We learn to deliver care with compassion, caring and respect for patient’s dignity and
personhood
❖ Is based on body of knowledge, is continually changing with new discoveries
and innovations
Definition of nursing:
❖ Protection, promotion and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness
and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human
response; advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and population
(ANA, 2010)
❖ Based in human response treatment (nursing process), rather than the
physiological response (medical process)
Historical highlights:
1. Nurses respond to the needs of clients
2. In war responded to the wounded (combat zones and military hospitals)
3. Today active in best practice with the use of available evidence supporting their
practice (evidence is key)
4. Nurses are active in social policy and political arenas
Brief history of Nursing: Florence Nightingale
❖ Florence Nightingale served in the Crimean War by caring for soldiers
❖ Contributed to the standards of nursing care
❖ She noticed soldiers died from secondary effects infections
❖ First epidemiologist
❖ She implemented sanitization
❖ Organized the first nursing school
Contributions of Florence Nightingale:
1. Standards for hospital management infection control
,NUR 1025L
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
2. Respect for nursing as a profession training = respect
3. Established school of nursing in hospitals
4. Separated Nursing from Medicine differentiate roles
5. Nutrition, occupational and recreational therapy for better care & recovery
6. Importance of documentation keep track of procedures
7. Improved sanitation
The Civil War:
❖ Clara Barton: worked with the Red Cross with soldiers
❖ Lilian Wald & Mary Brewster: cared for the poor in NY City
❖ Mary Mahoney: 1st professionally trained African American nurse promoted respect for
the individual not the race
Contemporary Influences:
Importance of The Affordable Care Demographic Medically
Nurse’s Self Act and Rising Health Changes Underserved
Care Care Costs
Stress, burnouts, Obama Care and People coming Low paid jobs,
fatigue and how to more insurances + from places where homeless and
cope (always be more clients = how they wouldn’t come mentally ill patients
sensitive) to cut costs? before and also
people living longer
Trends in Nursing:
❖ Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) teamwork, evidence, collaboration,
quality improvement(monitor outcome), safety (minimize harm), informatics
(technology) and patient care
❖ Nursing public perception most trusted profession in USA and essential to providing
care
❖ Nursing’s impact on politics and health policy more political, health care reformats
contribution and decision making
❖ Evidence-Based Practice to find the best delivery of care
Nursing Education:
❖ Professional Registered Nurse: AA degree or BSN (provides minimal standards
of knowledge)
❖ Graduate Education: master’s, PhD, doctorate/ doctorate nursing practice
❖ Continuing Education: seminars and courses
❖ In-Service Education: new equipment or procedure with training
Nurse Practice Act and Licensure:
, NUR 1025L
Fundamentals Exam #1 - Study Guide (1)
❖ Established to regulate nursing practice; to protect the public by defining the
legal scope of nursing practice, excluding untrained or unlicensed individuals
from practicing nursing
❖ Regulate practice
❖ License NCLEX
❖ Standards to be met
❖ What you can and can’t do
❖ Proper training
State Board of Nursing
❖ Sets standards for entry into practice state license
❖ Ensures school requirements education
❖ Enforces the Nurse Practice Act suspension or revocation of license
❖ Defines standards of nursing practice:
1. Knowledge of behavioral + physiological + biological + social science
2. Nursing theories
3. Ethics and social values
4. Autonomy
5. Commitment + community
Professional Responsibilities and Roles
Autonomy and Accountability Independent + decision making
Caregiver ❖ You help patients keep and gain
health, manage symptoms and
with independence
❖ Provide evidence-based nursing
❖ Healing in every sense
Advocate Protect human and legal rights in case a
situation needs it (be there to stand up
for
them)
Educator Explain concepts and facts, the why,
demonstrate procedures and reinforce
patient behavior with evaluable process
(lifestyle teaching)
Communicator ❖ Central to nurse-patient relationship
❖ Communicate and know your patients
Manager Establish an environment for patient
-centered care to provide safe and quality
service (leader for patient care)
Career development:
