ATI Teas Science with complete solution(100% verified)

Which of the following describes the function of the ribosome? a. Protein Synthesis b. Energy Production c. Cell Movement d. Storage of Molecules Correct answer- a. Protein Synthesis Because muscle cells requires large amounts of energy to function correctly, which organelles would be prevalent in those type of cells? a. Ribosomes b. Mitochondria c. Cytoskeleton d. Cell membrane Correct answer- b. Mitochondria Which of the following organelles is responsible for storing genetic information? a. Nucleus b. Ribosomes c. Cell membrane d. Lysosomes Correct answer- a. Nucleus Which of the following structures changes the volume of the lungs? a. Alveoli b. Heart c. Trachea d. Diaphragm Correct answer- d. Diaphragm Which of the following statement best explains how the structure of alveoli relates to its function? a. alveoli are large to maximize gas exchange b. the walls the alveoli are thin to increase rate of diffusion c. the walls of the alveoli are thick to prevent pressure buildup d. alveoli are small to increase the transportation of cells Correct answer- b. the walls the alveoli are thin to increase rate of diffusion Which of the following statement best describes the primary function of the respiratory system? a. it transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to cells all over the body. b. it involves the inhalation and exhalation of gases into the environment c. it exchanges gases between the blood and the air in an environment .d. it maintains proper blood level pH Correct answer- c. it exchanges gases between the blood and the air in an environment Which of the following conditions causes a narrowing of airways in the respiratory system? a. influenza b. bronchitis c. asthma d. pneumonia Correct answer- c. asthma Which of the following lists the primary parts of the heart? a. Blood cells b. Muscle tissue split into two chambers c. Muscle tissue split into four chambers d. Four ventricles Correct answer- c. Muscle tissue split into four chambers Which of the following blood component is responsible for transporting oxygen? A. Red blood cells B. Plasma C. Dissolved gases D. Leukocytes Correct answer- A. Red blood cells Which of the following chambers pumps blood towards the lungs? A. Left atrium B. Right atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right ventricle Correct answer- D. Right ventricle Which of the following statements best describes the function of veins? A. Veins carry deoxygenated blood B. Veins carry oxygenated blood C. Veins carry blood back to the heart D. Veins carry blood away from the heart Correct answer- C. Veins carry blood back to the heart In which of the following organs does digestion begin? A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Pancreas Correct answer- A. Mouth In which of the following organs does breakdown of protein begins? A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Pancreas Correct answer- D. Pancreas Which of the following structures absorbs nutrients in the small intestine? A. Mucus B. Microvilli C. Enzymes D. Hormones Correct answer- B. Microvilli Which of the following statements best describes peristalsis? A. Muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. B. The mechanical breakdown of food entering the stomach. C. The partly digested food moving from the stomach to the small intestine. D. Chemical digestion of food with the help of enzymes. In well-structured Correct answer- A. Muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract Which of the following actions is controlled by voluntary nerve signals? a. Walking b. Digestion c. Heart beating d. Breathing Correct answer- a. walking Which of the following best describes the function of a nerve synapse? a. it carries a nerve impulse away from the nerve body. b. it is responsible for involuntary muscle movements. c. it allows for the passing of signals between neurons and muscles. d. it contains a bundle of fibers that transmit electrical impulses. Correct answer- c. it allows for the passing of signals between neurons and muscles. Which of the following types of muscle cell are often voluntary? a. skeletal b. smooth c. cardiac d. nervous Correct answer- a. skeletal Which of the following types of nerves send message to the brain? a. skeletal b. smooth c. sensory d. motor Correct answer- c. sensory Which of the following organs produce female gametes? a. ovary b. testes c. prostate d. uterus Correct answer- a. ovary Which is the location where fertilization typically takes place? a. vagina b. penis c. vas deferens d. fallopian tubes Correct answer- d. fallopian tubes Which of the following best describes one function of estrogen? a. production of sperm cells b. maturation of eggs c. release of egg d. fertilization Correct answer- b. maturation of eggs Which of the following results from the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males? a. bone growth b. facial hair growth c. testosterone production d. sperm production Correct answer- c. testosterone production Which of the following is the layer of skin that forms a protective, waterproof barrier? a. dermis b. sudoriferous c. sebaceous d. epidermis Correct answer- d. epidermis Which of the following best describes the function of melanocytes? a. secretion of substances like minerals and alcohol b. production of melanin c. absorption of vitamin D d. sensing the environment Correct answer- b. production of melanin Which of the following layers of the skin contains hair follicles? a. dermis b. sudoriferous c. sebaceous d. epidermis Correct answer- a. dermis Which of the following layers of the skin contains a layer of dead cells? a. dermis b. hypodermis c. sudoriferous d. epidermis Correct answer- d. epidermis Which of the following best describes the kind of message sent in the endocrine system? a. electrical signals between axons b. chemical signals that travel through the bloodstream c. physical sensory signals received through the integumentary system d. audiovisual signals processed through the brain Correct answer- b. chemical signals that travel through the bloodstream Which of the following structures secretes releasing hormones? a. hypothalamus b. pituitary c. pancreas d. liver Correct answer- a. hypothalamus Which of the following is a function of the pineal gland? a. releasing growth hormone b. releasing melatonin c. releasing insulin and glucagon d. releasing luteinizing hormone Correct answer- b. releasing melatonin Which of the following glands releases epinephrine during stress? a. hypothalamus b. adrenal glands c. pancreas d. pituitary gland Correct answer- b. adrenal glands Which of the following parts of the male genitourinary system also transports sperm? a. ureter b. urethra c. uterus d. urinary bladder Correct answer- b. urethra Which of the following waste products from digestion does the kidney remove? a. nitrogen b. sodium chloride c. protein d. carbon Correct answer- a. nitrogen Which of the following best describes the outcome if the kidneys stopped functioning? a. blood would increase its carbon dioxide concentration b. blood would fill with waste and the human body would not be able to maintain homeostasis. c. the kidneys would fill with urine d. the frequency in which a human excretes urine would increase. Correct answer- b. blood would fill with waste and the human body would not be able to maintain homeostasis Which of the following structures is the functional unit of the kidney? a. renal capillaries b. glomerulus c. nephron d. cortex Correct answer- c. nephron ***The nephron is the microscopic tubule system that filters and reabsorbs. Which of the following helps to prevent pathogens from invading the body? a. histamines b. mucus c. T cells d. macrophages Correct answer- b. mucus A bacteria cell enters the body through a cut in the skin. Which of the following describes the immune response that would occur next? a. cytotoxic T cells form b. histamines are released c. antigens are released d. helper T cells are activated Correct answer- b. histamines are released ***Histamines are released to stimulate blood flow to the area of the cut, allowing white blood cells infiltrate the area. Which of the following types of cells produce antibodies? a. T cells b. plasma cells c. memory cells d. macrophages Correct answer- b. plasma cells Which of the following best describes the purpose of a vaccine? a. to produce extra inflammatory responses such as the release of histamines. b. to practice passive immunity c. to produce antibodies in case of future infection d. to increase macrophage production. Correct answer- c. to produce antibodies in case of future infection ***Vaccinations allow the body to recognize and produce antibodies to use in the case of future infection by that pathogen. Which of the following breaks down bone material? a. osteoclasts b. osteoblasts c. canaliculi d. osteocytes Correct answer- a. osteoclasts ***a large multinucleate bone cell which absorbs bone tissue during growth and healing. Which of the following is considered a short bone? a. skull bone b. radius and ulna c. carpals and tarsals d. humerus and scapula Correct answer- c. carpals and tarsals Which of the following best describes the purpose of hyaline cartilage in the skeletal system? a. it forms the matrix of a bone b. it develops into osteocytes c. it strengthens the entire skeletal system d. it reduces friction Correct answer- d. it reduces friction ***The covering at the end of long bones where joints form needs hyaline cartilage to reduce the friction of movement. Which of the following best explains the cause of osteoporosis? a. pathogens eat away at bone tissue. b. ligaments degrade, causing joints to malfunction c. osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals. d. osteoclasts break down bone slower than osteoblasts build them up. Correct answer- c. osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals. ***More bone is being broken down that is being built up, causing bones to weaken and become brittle. Osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals.