KILLER TEAS V PRACTICE TEST- SCIENCE PART I SPRING 2022 with Complete Solution

Alveoli are tiny sacs surrounded by what? Answer- capillaries Veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the capillaries to the what? Answer- heart Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart and to the what? Answer- capillaries what serves as the location for the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide fluid and nutrients within the body? Answer- capillaries What are the bronchial tubes are lined with? Answer- cilia What circulatory system includes what body structures? Answer- Heart, Blood, Blood Vessels Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through which two structures? Answer- 1) Superior vena cava 2) Inferior vena cava when the right atrium contracts, blood flows through the tricuspid valve and goes where? Answer- Right ventricle How many chambers does the heart have & what are the names of the chambers? Answer- The heart has 4 chambers. 1-Right Atrium, 2-left Atrium, 3-Right ventricle, 4- Left ventricle Inhaled air travels from the trachea into what structure? Answer- the right & left bronchial tubes When the left ventricle contracts, blood flows through the what? Answer- Aorta The mitral and aortic valves are on which side? Answer- Left side Name the four valves in the heart Answer- 1) Aortic 2) Pulmonary 3) Bicuspid 4)Bicuspid (aka mitrial valve) Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs into the left? Answer- Atrium The respiratory process begins when air is inhaled through the nose and into the what? Answer- Trachea What does the respiratory system supply to the tissues of the body? Answer- Oxygenated blood The tricuspid and pulmonary valves are both on what side of the heart? Answer- The right side when the right ventricle contracts blood flows into the Pulmonary artery and the into where? Answer- the lungs. What is Cell Theory? Answer- 1) All cells arise from preexisting cells. 2) Cells can carry out the processes of life. 3) Organisms are made of cells that function together. The end products of photosynthesis are? Answer- Oxygen & Glucose The process of cytoplasm division during plant cell replication is known as? Answer- Cytokinesis What principle is this? "An object immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object." Answer- Archimede's Principle Hardening of the arteries is known as? Answer- Arteriosclerosis Cholesterol known as LDL means? Answer- Low Density Lipoproteins What does Lock & Key model mean? Answer- A model for enzyme actions what formula indicates the ideal as law? Answer- PV=RnT Receiving a vaccine against a disease, what type of immunity is this considered? Answer- Active. An alternate form of a gene is called? Answer- allele What is an allele? Answer- An allele is one of two or more forms of a gene or a genetic locus. If an organism has two sets, they are diploid. The study of the structure of organs and body systems is called? Answer- Anatomy What is an atom with a negative charge? Answer- anion (- ion) What is an atom with a positive charge? Answer- cation (+ ion) what carries blood away from the heart? Answer- arteries Arteries carry blood away from the heart to the? Answer- Capillaries What are veins? Answer- carries blood from the capillaries back to the heart (02 poor) What are arteries? Answer- Carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart What are capillaries? Answer- Capillaries are the exchange vessels. They are microscopic and have only one wall—tunica intima—allowing substances to pass through quickly. What is an atom? Answer- An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still remains the properties of an element. what is an atomic mass number? Answer- Equals the total number of protons and neutrons found within the nucleus of a atom. What is an atomic number? Answer- the number of protons/electrons that an element has (ex. Carbon's number is 6: it has six protons; it has six electrons.) What is an autotroph? Answer- An organism that makes its own food. What is are vacuoles? Answer- "containers" or holding units in animal cells for water and organic substances. what are lysosomes? Answer- -intracellular digestion What are peroxisome? Answer- Contain oxidase enzymes that detoxify alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and other harmful chemicals Adenine and guanine are purines that have? Answer- 2 ring structure What is an axon? Answer- Transmit impulses AWAY from cell body of neuron In an redox reaction the reducting agent will? Answer- Lose electrons and be oxidized. What do you call a liquid that evaporates quickly? Answer- Volatile High frequency sound waves are known as? Answer- Overtones Overtones Answer- High frequency sound waves are known as what does prostaglandins do? Answer- Carry out vasodilation, vasoconstriction, uterine contraction. what cellular organelle contains enzymes that are considered digestive? Answer- Lysosomes What does mitosis mean? Answer- The division of normal body cells for growth and repair. organs repair themselves through a process of? Answer- mitosis what does aural mean? Answer- in or of the ear Did King Phillip Come Over For Good Soup? Answer- Domain, Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species What does the bladder do? Answer- STORES URINE what portion of the kidney filters? Answer- Bowmans Capsule what is metaphase? Answer- 2nd phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up. Gas exchange occurs in which of the following tissue? Answer- Capillaries Distance and force multiplied together indicates? Answer- Work (far --distance and hard--force ) Litmus paper that is blue will stay blue in the presence of a base? Answer- Blue what is chlorophyll? Answer- A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria Breathing properly requires the presence of this compound that affects the surface tension of alveoli in the lungs Answer- surfactant what is the byproduct of cellular respiration used by autorophs to produce glucose? Answer- Carbon dioxide list the cardiovascular blood flow: Answer- Superior Vena Cava- Right Atrium- Tricuspid Valve-Right Ventricle-Pulmonary Valve- Pulmonary Artery- Lungs (oxygenated)- left artium- mitral valve- left ventricle-aortic valve- aorta What is a catalyst? Answer- An enzyme that helps to speed up chemical reaction by lowering the energy needed to start a chemical reaction cellular respiration formula Answer- C6H1206-CO2 + H20+ ENERGY (released) What is chyme? Answer- semifluid material mixes with secretion of the stomach glands. 2 hormones are released, secretin and cck, which initiates bile release. what is Centrosomes? Answer- During mitosis and cell division, spindle fibers are associated with which of the following organelles. Is duplicated during S phase of the cell cycle, just before mitosis. what is CNS? Answer- Central Nervous System; made up of the brain and spinal cord. The coenzyme NAD/NADH is involved in what type of reaction? Answer- Oxidation/Reduction What does the colon do? Answer- removes water from the waste that remains what happens to a cell if it is hypertonic? Answer- The cell shrinks because of the movement of fluid outside the cell. If a solution is hypertonic, what does this mean? Answer- concentration outside is higher than inside. hypotonic Answer- Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution what happens to a cell if it is hypotonic? Answer- The cell swells because of the movement of fluid inside the cell. what does condensation mean? Answer- process by which gas changes to a liquid what is a covalent bond? Answer- sharing of electrons between atoms what is the functional unit of the kidney? Answer- Nephron what does cystalline order mean? Answer- atoms arranged in a highly ordered state (solid) form. The top number on a blood pressure reading is? Answer- Systolic pressure The bottom number on a blood pressure reading is? Answer- diastolic pressure what anatomical structure connects the stomach and the mouth? Answer- Esophagus What is the esophagus? Answer- A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. Digestion begins where? Answer- In the mouth.