ATI TEAS Test 2021: Science 2021/2022 with complete solution

Which of the following is not a function of the circulatory system? A. Pumping blood throughout the body to provide tissues and organs with nutrients and oxygen. B. Removing toxins and waste from the blood. C. Transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body. D. Transporting important hormones released from glands to their sites of action. Correct answer- C Which item below is not a disease of the digestive system? A. Crohn's disease B. Diabetes C. Ulcerative Colitis D. Diverticulitis Correct answer- B Which item below best describes the primary function of the nervous system? A. The nervous system is the center of communication. B. The Bergius system is primarily responsible for helping the body breathe. C. The nervous system transports blood throughout the body. D. The nervous system helps the body breakdown food. Correct answer- A Which of the following is NOT an element of the respiratory system? A. Ribs B. Trachea C. Diaphragm D. Alveoli Correct answer- A Which of the following cells is not part of the immune system? A. Neurons B. Dendritic cells C. Macrophages D. Mast cells Correct answer- A Which of the following is not one of the major types of bones In the body? A. Dense bone B. Long bone C. Short bone D. Irregular bone Correct answer- A Which Of the following bone type is embedded in tendons? A. Long bones B. Sesamoid bones C. Flat bones D. Vertical bones Correct answer- B Which of the following is not a product of respiration? A. Carbon dioxide B. Water C. Oxygen D. ATP Correct answer- C Of the following, the blood vessel containing the least- oxygenated blood is: A. The aorta B. The vena cava C. The pulmonary artery D. The capillaries Correct answer- C Which layer of the heart contains striated muscle fibers for contraction of the heart? A. Pericardium B. Epicardium C. Endocardium D. Myocardium Correct answer- D Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood back to the heart? A. Pulmonary vein B. Pulmonary artery C. Aorta D. Superior vena cava Correct answer- A Which part of the cell is often called the "cell power house" because it provides energy for cellular functions? A. Nucleus B. Cell membrane C. Mitochondria D. Cytoplasm Correct answer- C What functions do ribosomes serve within the cell? A. Cell movement B. Aid in protein synthesis C. Help protect the cell from its environment D. Have enzymes that help with digestion Correct answer- B What is the most likely reason that cells differentiate? A. To avoid looking like all the cells around them B. So that simple, non specialized cells can become highly specialized cells C. So that multicellular organisms will remain the same size D. No apparent reason Correct answer- B How is meiosis similar from mitosis? Correct answer- Both occur in humans, animals, and plants How do DNA and RNA function together as part of the human genome? Correct answer- RNA carries genetic information from DNA to the cell cytoplasm The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the: Correct answer- Small intestine What process should the DNA within the cell undergo before cell replication? A. The DNA should quadruple so that daughter cells have more than enough DNA material after cell division B. The DNA should triple so that daughter cells have three times the amount of DNA material after cell division C. The DNA should replicate so that daughter cells have the same amount of DNA material after cell division D. The DNA should split so that daughter cells have half the amount of DNA material after cell division Correct answer- C Which statement most accurately compares and contrasts the structures of DNA and RNA? Correct answer- Both DNA and RNA have 4 nucleotide bases. Three of the bases are the same but the fourth base is thymine in DNA and uracil and RNA. Which odd the following characteristics is part of a persons genotype? a. Brown eyes that appear hazel in the sunlight b. CFTR genes that cause cystic fibrosis c. black hair that grows rapidly d. being a fast runner Correct answer- B Where is interstitial fluid found? Correct answer- In the tissues around cells Which type of cell secretes antibodies? A. bacterial cell b. viral cell c. lymph cell d. plasma cell Correct answer- D What type of molecule are enzymes? Correct answer- Protein Molecules Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland? a. hypothalamus b. adrenal gland' c. testes d. pancreas Correct answer- a Where does gas exchange occur in the body? a. alveoli b. bronchi c. larynx d. pharynx Correct answer- a All of the following are parts of the respiratory system EXCEPT: a. trachea b. bronci c. esophagus d. larynx Correct answer- c Which of the following best describes the structures found underneath each rib in descending order? a. vein, nerve, artery b. artery, vein, nerve c. vein, artery, nerve d. nerve, vein, artery Correct answer- c What is the primary function of the spleen? Correct answer- It filters microorganisms and other foreign substances from the blood. The process of changing a liquid to a gas is called? Correct answer- vaporization Which of the following does not contain blood vessels? a. hyperdermis b. hypodermis c. dermis d. epidermis Correct answer- d Which of the following has the lowest blood pressure? a. artery b. arteriole c. venule d. vein Correct answer- d Which of the heart chambers is the most muscular? Correct answer- Left ventricle which part of the brain interprets sensory information? a. cerebrum b. hindbrain C. cerebellum d. medulla oblongata Correct answer- a Which component of the nervous system is responsible for lowering heart rate? a. Central nervous system b. sympathetic nervous system c. parasympathetic nervous system d. distal nervous system Correct answer- c Which of the following structures is a natural pacemaker of the heart? a. sinoatrial node b. submental node c. atrioventricular node d. scalene node Correct answer- a Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue? a. skeletal b. smooth c. cardiac d. adipose Correct answer- d Which of the following cell serves as the control center for all cell activity? a. nucleus b. cell membrane c. cytoplasm d. mitochondria Correct answer- a What are the cellular functions for cilia and flagella? Correct answer- responsible for cell movement What is the process by which simple cells become highly specialized cells? a. cellular complication b. cellular specialization c. cellular differentiation d. cellular modification Correct answer- a What are groups of cells that perform the same function called? a. tissues b. plastids c. organs d, molecules Correct answer- a What is the function of the nervous tissue? Correct answer- transmission and reception the function of the adrenal gland is to? a. produce hormones that stimulate the thyroid therefore influencing metabolism b. produce hormones that regulate the salt and water balance and control blood pressure and heart rate c. regulate the release of insulin in response to glucose d. regulate the releaser of oxytocin, an important hormone in reproduction and childbirth Correct answer- b Which of the following is true regarding T cells? Correct answer- They play a role in the immune response What type of bond is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms? a. transfer bond b. static bond c. covalent bond d. ionic bond Correct answer- d What is the primary functions of antibodies? a. production of white blood cells b. initiates gluconegogenesis c. promotes the intracellular storage of lipids d. facilitate the breakdown of antigens Correct answer- d Medial Correct answer- Toward the midline of the body Lateral Correct answer- away from the midline Proximal Correct answer- closer to the center of the body Distal Correct answer- farther from the center of the body anterior Correct answer- front posterior Correct answer- back superior Correct answer- above posterior Correct answer- behind Transverse Correct answer- Divides body into upper and lower parts saggital plane Correct answer- is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts coronal plane Correct answer- An imaginary plane where the body is cut into front and back parts. red blood cells Correct answer- carry oxygen white blood cells Correct answer- fight infection inspiration Correct answer- diaphragm contracts expiration Correct answer- Diaphragm relaxes Platelets Correct answer- blood clotting Dendrites Correct answer- receive messages from other cells action potential Correct answer- messages sent by axons Axon Correct answer- transmits impulses away from the cell body Voluntary or involuntary? skeletal muscle: smooth muscle: cardiac muscle: Correct answer- voluntary involuntary involuntary integumentary system Correct answer- skin endocrine system Correct answer- secretes hormones parathyroid Correct answer- regulates calcium levels in blood pineal gland Correct answer- has an influence on daily biorhythms and sexual activity pituitary gland Correct answer- plays an important role in growth and development ionic bonding Correct answer- transfer of electrons from one atom to another covalent bonding Correct answer- sharing of electrons solid to gas is called Correct answer- sublimation gas to solid is called Correct answer- deposition accelerate chemical reactions decrease reaction rates Correct answer- catalysts inhibitors pH scale Correct answer- Neutral pH- 7 Lower than 7- acidic Higher than 7- base Triple Beam measures ---- and ----- Correct answer- mass and force