NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
1. Signs and symptoms and Signs and symptoms and management of musculoskeletal
management of sprains/strains/dislocations
musculoskeletal
sprains/strains/dislocations Kara Sprains: stretching or tearing of ligaments that occurs when a joint is forced
Irvin beyond its normal anatomical range
First degree- stretching of ligamentous fibers
Second degree- tear of part of the ligament with pain and swelling
Third degree- complete ligamentous separation
Sprain- sudden injury or fall that caused acute pain and swelling that got
worse over a few hours, redness and bruising, active and passive ROM
decreased. Radiography to rule out fx.
Strain: muscle injury caused by excessive tensile stress placed on a muscle
that results in stiffness and decreased function
-effects muscle or tendon that connects a muscle to a bone, complain
of “pulled muscle,” severe cases cause inflammation, swelling, weakness
and loss of function-surgery may be needed
Management: PRICE (protect, rest, ice, compression, elevation), limitation of
activity, physical therapy, NSAIDS, referral to ortho
Dislocation- complete separation of 2 bones that form a joint
Very painful and cause immobility, need immediate medical attention
Referral to orthopedics for possible surgery or reduction with
application of cast or splint.
2. Signs and symptoms and Cervical Spondylosis- neck stiffness, mild aching discomfort with activity.
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
management of spinal disorders Pain and limited ROM occur with lateral rotation and lateral flexion of the
(spondylosis, stenosis, etc.) Sandra neck toward the affected side. Weakness shoulder abduction- C5. Bicep
Okonkwo Thank you Ashley L for weakness- C6. Tricep weakness-C7.Myelopathy- leg weakness, gait
completing!!! disturbance, balance problems, difficulty performing fine motor tasks, loss of
bowel and bladder.
Treatment- cervical traction, PT, pain relievers. Surgery for Myelopathy.
Low back pain-Tenderness and decreased range of motion. Positive straight
leg test. Treatment-NSAIDS, muscle relaxants, opioids, surgical, self-care,
spinal manipulation
Stenosis-pseudoclaudication causing radicular pain in the calves, buttocks,
and upper thighs of one or both legs. Symptoms progress from a proximal to
distal direction. Walking or prolonged standing causes pain and weakness in
buttocks and legs. Stooping over helps relieve pain. Positive Romberg.
Reflexes diminished. Management- surgical decompression. NSAIDS, folic acid
vitamin b12. PT-flexing the spine.Bicycling.
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
3. Recognition and Immediate management of cauda equina syndrome. (P. 829)
immediate management of Cauda equina syndrome is a medical EMERGENCY and requires immediate
cauda equina syndrome decompression.
Danie Molly If Cauda equina is confirmed, surgical lumbar decompression is necessary to
halt neurological deterioration unless surgery is contraindicated for other
medical reasons.
*Rational on Davis Edge question: Low back pain accompanied by acute onset
of urinary retention or overflow incontinence, loss of anal sphincter tone or
fecal incontinence, loss of sensation in the buttocks and perineum, and motor
weakness in the lower extremities is a red flag for cauda equina syndrome or
severe neurologic compromise
4. Maneuvers and expected findings Neck pain-Spurling’s. Shoulder pain-Apley scratch test(reaching the scapula).
with joint pain (knee, shoulder, Internal and external flexion. Internal and external abduction. Pain with
wrist, etc.) Deanna Morrison Thank abduction= early supraspinatus tendinitis and subacromial bursitis=early
you Ashley L!! rotator cuff injuries. Wrist and hand-allen’s test= radial and ulnar arteries.
Phalens test=median nerve compression. Tinel’s sign assess for compression
neuropathy. Finkelsteins test- de Quervains disease. Knee Pain= Mcmurray,
apprehension sign, bulge sign, inspect/palpate to assess effusion.
5. Initial assessment of FOOSH FOOSH: Falling On an Out Stretched Hand. After falling on an outstretched
injury in correlation to anatomical hand patients present after trauma with pain and swelling in the distal
location of radial head bone Lisa forearm or wrist. Numbness may be present if the medial nerve is affected.
Callahan The mechanism of injury will often provide important clues to the diagnosis.
The examination begins with gentle palpation to locate the area of point
tenderness and includes a thorough neurovascular assessment. A radiograph
of the wrist (including an oblique view) may be necessary to rule out fracture.
Common fractures are the Colles fracture of the distal radius and the
navicular (scaphoid) fracture of the anatomical snuffbox. It is not unusual to
have a navicular fracture missed on radiography, so an orthopedic referral
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
should be provided when the presenting complaint is pain and trauma to the
soft-tissue
area of the anatomical snuffbox.
6. Assessment and management Trigger points within a muscle. Common cause of nonarticular rheumatic pain
of Myofascial pain Jenna Lara Injections a the trigger point with saline, an anesthetic, or corticosteroid, dry
Thank you Ashley L needling, muscle relaxant tizanidine, NSAIDS, or cyclooxygenases-2 inhibitors.
Tricyclic antidepressants.
7. Health promotion activities Protection may refer to preventing the injury from occurring or making it less
to prevent sport related severe by wearing protective gear, such as helmets, wrist pads, and kneepads.
musculoskeletal injuries Maintain adequate hydration and proper diet while playing sports. Stretch
Melissa before the activity. Stop when you are injured, do not “tough it out”.
Schaf
8. Osteopenia Helena Longfellow Osteopenia:
• Is the precursor to osteoporosis. Osteopenia is categorized by the
level of T-scores in relation to the results of a dual-energy x-ray
absorptiometry scan or (DXA Scan), which measures the mineral content of
bone. A T-score
ranging from -1 to -2.5 would be classified as osteopenia.
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
1. Signs and symptoms and Signs and symptoms and management of musculoskeletal
management of sprains/strains/dislocations
musculoskeletal
sprains/strains/dislocations Kara Sprains: stretching or tearing of ligaments that occurs when a joint is forced
Irvin beyond its normal anatomical range
First degree- stretching of ligamentous fibers
Second degree- tear of part of the ligament with pain and swelling
Third degree- complete ligamentous separation
Sprain- sudden injury or fall that caused acute pain and swelling that got
worse over a few hours, redness and bruising, active and passive ROM
decreased. Radiography to rule out fx.
Strain: muscle injury caused by excessive tensile stress placed on a muscle
that results in stiffness and decreased function
-effects muscle or tendon that connects a muscle to a bone, complain
of “pulled muscle,” severe cases cause inflammation, swelling, weakness
and loss of function-surgery may be needed
Management: PRICE (protect, rest, ice, compression, elevation), limitation of
activity, physical therapy, NSAIDS, referral to ortho
Dislocation- complete separation of 2 bones that form a joint
Very painful and cause immobility, need immediate medical attention
Referral to orthopedics for possible surgery or reduction with
application of cast or splint.
2. Signs and symptoms and Cervical Spondylosis- neck stiffness, mild aching discomfort with activity.
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
management of spinal disorders Pain and limited ROM occur with lateral rotation and lateral flexion of the
(spondylosis, stenosis, etc.) Sandra neck toward the affected side. Weakness shoulder abduction- C5. Bicep
Okonkwo Thank you Ashley L for weakness- C6. Tricep weakness-C7.Myelopathy- leg weakness, gait
completing!!! disturbance, balance problems, difficulty performing fine motor tasks, loss of
bowel and bladder.
Treatment- cervical traction, PT, pain relievers. Surgery for Myelopathy.
Low back pain-Tenderness and decreased range of motion. Positive straight
leg test. Treatment-NSAIDS, muscle relaxants, opioids, surgical, self-care,
spinal manipulation
Stenosis-pseudoclaudication causing radicular pain in the calves, buttocks,
and upper thighs of one or both legs. Symptoms progress from a proximal to
distal direction. Walking or prolonged standing causes pain and weakness in
buttocks and legs. Stooping over helps relieve pain. Positive Romberg.
Reflexes diminished. Management- surgical decompression. NSAIDS, folic acid
vitamin b12. PT-flexing the spine.Bicycling.
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
3. Recognition and Immediate management of cauda equina syndrome. (P. 829)
immediate management of Cauda equina syndrome is a medical EMERGENCY and requires immediate
cauda equina syndrome decompression.
Danie Molly If Cauda equina is confirmed, surgical lumbar decompression is necessary to
halt neurological deterioration unless surgery is contraindicated for other
medical reasons.
*Rational on Davis Edge question: Low back pain accompanied by acute onset
of urinary retention or overflow incontinence, loss of anal sphincter tone or
fecal incontinence, loss of sensation in the buttocks and perineum, and motor
weakness in the lower extremities is a red flag for cauda equina syndrome or
severe neurologic compromise
4. Maneuvers and expected findings Neck pain-Spurling’s. Shoulder pain-Apley scratch test(reaching the scapula).
with joint pain (knee, shoulder, Internal and external flexion. Internal and external abduction. Pain with
wrist, etc.) Deanna Morrison Thank abduction= early supraspinatus tendinitis and subacromial bursitis=early
you Ashley L!! rotator cuff injuries. Wrist and hand-allen’s test= radial and ulnar arteries.
Phalens test=median nerve compression. Tinel’s sign assess for compression
neuropathy. Finkelsteins test- de Quervains disease. Knee Pain= Mcmurray,
apprehension sign, bulge sign, inspect/palpate to assess effusion.
5. Initial assessment of FOOSH FOOSH: Falling On an Out Stretched Hand. After falling on an outstretched
injury in correlation to anatomical hand patients present after trauma with pain and swelling in the distal
location of radial head bone Lisa forearm or wrist. Numbness may be present if the medial nerve is affected.
Callahan The mechanism of injury will often provide important clues to the diagnosis.
The examination begins with gentle palpation to locate the area of point
tenderness and includes a thorough neurovascular assessment. A radiograph
of the wrist (including an oblique view) may be necessary to rule out fracture.
Common fractures are the Colles fracture of the distal radius and the
navicular (scaphoid) fracture of the anatomical snuffbox. It is not unusual to
have a navicular fracture missed on radiography, so an orthopedic referral
, NR511 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE-(11-2019)
ASSIGNMENTS ANSWERS VERIFIED 100%
CORRECT
should be provided when the presenting complaint is pain and trauma to the
soft-tissue
area of the anatomical snuffbox.
6. Assessment and management Trigger points within a muscle. Common cause of nonarticular rheumatic pain
of Myofascial pain Jenna Lara Injections a the trigger point with saline, an anesthetic, or corticosteroid, dry
Thank you Ashley L needling, muscle relaxant tizanidine, NSAIDS, or cyclooxygenases-2 inhibitors.
Tricyclic antidepressants.
7. Health promotion activities Protection may refer to preventing the injury from occurring or making it less
to prevent sport related severe by wearing protective gear, such as helmets, wrist pads, and kneepads.
musculoskeletal injuries Maintain adequate hydration and proper diet while playing sports. Stretch
Melissa before the activity. Stop when you are injured, do not “tough it out”.
Schaf
8. Osteopenia Helena Longfellow Osteopenia:
• Is the precursor to osteoporosis. Osteopenia is categorized by the
level of T-scores in relation to the results of a dual-energy x-ray
absorptiometry scan or (DXA Scan), which measures the mineral content of
bone. A T-score
ranging from -1 to -2.5 would be classified as osteopenia.
