Health & Human Development Unit 1 & 2 2021/2022

HEALTH Answer- WHO - 1946 ' health is a state of complete physical , mental & social well-being & is not merely the absence of disease of infirmity' Limitations - doesn't give everybody the opportunity to be considered healthy - it is a difficult for a person to achieve "complete" well-being in even one area of health. ( somebody with a disability could never be considered healthy ) Physical healh Answer- The efficient functioning of the body & its systems , the capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness - physical fitness - weight measurement -blood cholesterol levels -blood pressure levels - absence/presence of illness - energy levels Social health Answer- Being able to interact with others & participate in the community in both an independent & co -operative way. Interactions- interacting with people around you Social health is a dynamic and can change and any time Mental Health Answer- State of well-being in which the individual realises his or her own ability's , can cope with the normal stresses of life , can work productively & fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community - emotional and physiological well-being includes thoughts and the impacts that a persons feelings have on themselves - positive and negative - self esteem- how people feel about themselves - confidence- believing in ones worth and ability's. Physical Development Answer- Changes in the body & its systems . these can be changes in size (i.e. growth) or complexity ( e.g. the increase in the complexity of the nervous system ) & moter skills (e.g learning to walk) moter skills- manipulation of muscles that result in a smooth controlled. gross- using large muscle groups. fine- use of smaller muscles growth & development of body systems- organs & systems getting bigger in size decline in body systems- when the body systems functions starts to slowly get worse. Social Development Answer- Refers to the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people( VCAA) Behaviour - learning the right way to behave in different situations e.g. table manner , being polite. Social rules & exceptions - Having different attitudes , behaviour , skills and expectations towards different people. e.g , teachers , friends , employers. Relationships- knowing how to behave in a relationship Values & beliefs- figuring out what it is important to you & what you believe. Emotional Development Answer- The development of the full range of emotions & the optimal way of dealing with & expressing them. Appropriate expression of feelings- how individuals show their emotions in an appropriate way. Management of emotion- how individuals control their emotions in different situations identity formation- the development of a unique personality Awareness of emotions - how one identifies what emotion they are feeling. Self concept- how one views themselves. Intellectual Development Answer- The development of processes in the brain such as thought , knowledge and memory. Attention- helps in the learning of new material. Problem Solving- once of the most complex of all thinking processes. Creativity & imagination- developed by exposure to different experiences Abstract thought- concepts and ideas rather then physical objects you can see Memory- can decline in later parts of adulthood Language - knowledge of it & how it can be used. Knowledge- more complex as we develop intellectually & we continue to learn through the life span as we face new things and challenges. Individual human development during youth Answer- Youth is a time of rapid development . Physical changes are the eaist to notice , however , significant changes also take place in social , emotional & intellectual development. Youth = 12-18 but it can be different within other organisations . Physical - Youth :Primary Sex Characteristics Answer- Body parts that are directly involved in reproduction & form what is commonly referred to as genitals and organs of reproduction. First ovulation, first menstruation ,the ovaries , uterus , vagina , labia & clitoris enlarge in size .penis enlarges, first ejaculation ,testes grow and start producing sperm. Physical- Youth: Secondary Sex Characteristics Answer- Traits arising from changes in both male & females at puberty . They are neither directly related to reproduction nor present at birth.Facial ,pubic,arm & body hair ,breasts develop ,hips widen, fat:muscle. voice lowers ,shoulder broaden ,increased structure Social- Youth Answer- - people treat you differently - extreme moods and will suffer from a range of emotions including , anger & isolation -seeking independence - solving problems on their own & more responsible -may want to seek intimacy & may experience feelings of love & lust - know what emotions their feeling & how to express them correctly -values and believes are made during youth. Emotional - Youth Answer- - changes how you view yourself -may be self concious -at the end of youth , you generally know who you are and you are comfortable with it - hormones can cause mood swings & lead to arguments with friends and family - seek emotional independenance - able to recognize your own emotions Intellectual- Youth Answer- - able to see grey areas in problems ( nothing is just black & white) -abstract thoughts develop - reasoning skills develop -ability to create hypothetical solutions & the best options for it. - applying knowledge to situations -focus on the future increases - complex concepts learning at school Trend Answer- A general movement or pattern. Health Status Answer- An individual or a population's overall health , taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy , amount disability & levels of disease risk factors Life expectancy Answer- An indication of how long a person can expect to live if the current death rates remain unchanged. Incidence Answer- A relation to morbidity , refers to the number ( or rate) of new cases of diseases/conditions in a population during a given period (usually 12 months). Prevalence Answer- The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease/condition present in a population at a given time. Morbidity Answer- Refers to ill health in an individual or levels of ill health in a population. Mortality Answer- Refers to deaths in the population. Disability Answer- A physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Disability adjusted life year (DALY) Answer- A measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury (VCAA). Burden of Disease Answer- A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.