ENGLISH LECTURES
Common Nouns and Proper Nouns
Common noun is the generic name for a person, thing, place and or animal in a class or
group. It is not capitalized unless it either begins a sentence or appears in a title.
Ex: girls
animals
Proper noun is a specific name for a particular person, thing, place and or thing. It is always
capitalized no matter where they fall in a sentence.
Ex: Joy
Alysa
Capitalization
The action of writing in capital letters or with an initial capital.
Ex: I am playing basketball.
John is dancing around the corner.
They thought it’s a great idea!
Pronunciation
The act or manner of pronouncing words or utterance of speech. It is the way of speaking
a word/s especially in a way that is generally understood.
Ex: amazing! (a-mey-zing)
absolute (ab-so-lut)
Vocabulary
The words used on a certain occasion or sphere.
Ex: fence (bakod)
integrate (isama)
, Synonym
A word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the
same language.
Ex: beautiful – gorgeous – pretty
nice – pleasant - fine
Antonym
A word or phrase that means the opposite in meaning to another.
Ex: short – tall
thin - thick
Spelling
The process or activity of writing or naming the letters of a word.
Ex: salary NOT sallary
Phone NOT fone
Phrase
It is a group of words that express a concept and is used as a unit within a sentence.
Common types are: noun, verb, gerund, infinitive, appositive, participial, prepositional and
absolute.
Ex: The bewildered rabbit
Sentence
It is a set of words that is complete in itself. It conveys a statement, question, exclamation
or command and consisting of a main clause and sometimes one or more subordinate
clauses.
Ex: The bewildered rabbit was lost.
Paragraph
It is a series of related sentences developing a central idea, called the topic. It is a sentence
or a group of sentences that supports once central and unified idea. They add one idea at a
time to your broader argument.
Ex:
Common Nouns and Proper Nouns
Common noun is the generic name for a person, thing, place and or animal in a class or
group. It is not capitalized unless it either begins a sentence or appears in a title.
Ex: girls
animals
Proper noun is a specific name for a particular person, thing, place and or thing. It is always
capitalized no matter where they fall in a sentence.
Ex: Joy
Alysa
Capitalization
The action of writing in capital letters or with an initial capital.
Ex: I am playing basketball.
John is dancing around the corner.
They thought it’s a great idea!
Pronunciation
The act or manner of pronouncing words or utterance of speech. It is the way of speaking
a word/s especially in a way that is generally understood.
Ex: amazing! (a-mey-zing)
absolute (ab-so-lut)
Vocabulary
The words used on a certain occasion or sphere.
Ex: fence (bakod)
integrate (isama)
, Synonym
A word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the
same language.
Ex: beautiful – gorgeous – pretty
nice – pleasant - fine
Antonym
A word or phrase that means the opposite in meaning to another.
Ex: short – tall
thin - thick
Spelling
The process or activity of writing or naming the letters of a word.
Ex: salary NOT sallary
Phone NOT fone
Phrase
It is a group of words that express a concept and is used as a unit within a sentence.
Common types are: noun, verb, gerund, infinitive, appositive, participial, prepositional and
absolute.
Ex: The bewildered rabbit
Sentence
It is a set of words that is complete in itself. It conveys a statement, question, exclamation
or command and consisting of a main clause and sometimes one or more subordinate
clauses.
Ex: The bewildered rabbit was lost.
Paragraph
It is a series of related sentences developing a central idea, called the topic. It is a sentence
or a group of sentences that supports once central and unified idea. They add one idea at a
time to your broader argument.
Ex:
