BSC 2346 Module 2 Case Study AP1

• Question 1 BSC 2346 Module 2 Case Study AP1 1 out of 1 points Ben is a 6-month old infant who has a history of respiratory infections. His parents are concerned that his symptoms are worsening and bring him to his pediatrician, Dr. Johnson. They explain that he has a persistent cough and sometimes coughs up phlegm. He also experiences periodic wheezing and shortness of breath. Dr. Johnson notes that his weight and height have not increased as much as predicted since his last visit. He is concerned that Ben may have a genetic condition called Cystic Fibrosis. There are several ways to test for Cystic Fibrosis. In your own words, briefly describe 2 diagnostic tests that Dr. Johnson could use to determine if Ben has Cystic Fibrosis. Selected Answer: Respons e Feedbac k: Two tests that Dr. Johnson could use would be a snasal potential difference test, or a sweat test. With a nasal potential difference test the doctor will check the cells in his nose to see how well the salt is moving in and out of them. He can check the cells by using electrodes on the lining of the nose. If the results come back abnormal this could show positive for Cystic Fibrosis. The second test that can be done is a sweat test. The doctor will rub a special chemical that causes sweating and then will create a small electrical current on the area. The sweat will be wiped off on a cloth and taken for analyzing. Someone who has too much salt in their sweat can be diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis. A positive diagnosis will require two positive results where the tests are done of different days. Nice job...great resources used for research. • Question 2 Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited condition. Which of the following describes the inheritance pattern? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Autosomal recessive • Question 3 List at least 3 other symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis that are not mentioned in the case study about Ben. 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Response Feedback: Three other symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis are exercise intolerance, repeated lung infections, severe constipation or foul smelling greasy stool. [None Given] • Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which of Ben's parents carried the defective gene which causes Cystic Fibrosis? Selected Answer: Both Paretns • Question 5 1 out of 1 points If both of Ben’s parents are Cystic Fibrosis carriers and plan to have another child, what are the chances that their next child would NOT be a carrier and would NOT be affected by Cystic Fibrosis? Selected 25 Answer: % • Question 6 1 out of 1 points In your own words, briefly describe how the Cystic Fibrosis gene affects the cell membrane. Selected Answer: Respons e Feedbac k: The Cystic Fibrosis gene affects the the cell membrane by creating a protein CTFR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) that is mutated. This protein is in cells that normally line the lungs, sweat glands, and digestive track. When this protein is mutated epithelial cells can no longer regulate how chloride moves through the cell membrane. This causes a disruption in water and sodium balance needed to create the thin lining of mucous in the lungs, pancreas and passageways to other organs. With this disruption in balance, the thin lining becomes thick, sticky, and stuck in the respiratory and digestive systems. [None Given] • Question 7 Which of the following is not a common treatment for Cystic Fibrosis? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Frequent blood transfusions • Question 8 In your own words, briefly describe why Ben’s skin may taste salty. 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: When Ben sweats the salt that is not properly moving through the cells rise up with the water and is not reabsorbed. When the sweat dries the salt is still on the outer layer of skin allowing his skin to taste salty. Response Feedback: [None Given] • Question 9 Which of the following statements is true of Cystic Fibrosis? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Cystic Fibrosis affects the ability of chloride ions to pass through the cell membrane. • Question 10 Which tissue type is most affected by the excess mucus produced in Cystic Fibrosis? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Epithelial tissue • Question 11 1 out of 1 points Taylor, a 6-month-old infant, has recently been very fussy and appears to be in pain when his parents touch or squeeze his hands and feet. Both extremities have shown swelling that appears to be increasing slowly over time. He had a condition known as jaundice when he was born and his parents are noticing that his skin is starting to have that same yellowish color that it did when he was a newborn. Taylor’s parents are very concerned and take him to his pediatrician. Taylor’s pediatrician decides to perform blood tests because he is concerned that Taylor may have sickle cell disease. If he is correct, which of the following tests would be abnormal? Selected Answer: Hemoglobin • Question 12 Taylor’s test results provide a definitive diagnosis of sickle cell disease. Which other symptom would be common for his disease? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Fatigue • Question 13 1 out of 1 points Why would the physician be interested in Taylor’s parents’ ethnicity? In your own words, provide a brief explanation of why ethnicity may be related to Taylor’s diagnosis. Selected Answer: Response Feedback : Sickle Cell Disease gene is related to malaria. Malaria is prominent in heritages of Middle Eastern, Indian, Mediterranean, and African. This is due to the fact that the geographic location is most prone to malaria. Nice job pointing out this disease is related to Malaria. • Question 14 1 out of 1 points Taylor’s parents have never been tested for sickle cell disease because they have never had any of the common signs or symptoms. Knowing that Taylor has sickle cell disease, which of the following statements is true? Selected Answer: Both of Taylor’s parents carry the gene for SCD. • Question 15 1 out of 1 points If Taylor’s parents have another child, what is the likelihood that the second child will be a CARRIER of the sickle cell trait? Selected Answer: 50% • Question 16 Sickle cell disease is a dominant disease, which means both parents of an affected individual must carry the sickle cell trait. 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Fals e • Question 17 If a red blood cell is affected by sickle cell disease, which of the following is true? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Abnormal hemoglobin causes abnormal structure of the red blood cell. • Question 18 Sickle cell disease can be detected by prenatal screening. In your own words, briefly describe this process. 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Response Feedback: To test for Sickle Cell disease before birth the doctor would take a sample of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby in the womb. This fluid would then be tested for the sickle cell gene. [None Given] • Question 19 Which of the following is NOT a possible treatment for sickle cell disease? 1 out of 1 points Selected Answer: Liver transplant • Question 20 1 out of 1 points In your own words, briefly describe how sickle cell disorder affects homeostasis in the human body. Selected Answer: Respons e Feedbac k: Sickle cell disorder affects the red blood cells in your body. Normally they're round and elastic to an extent. With sickle cell disease they become crescent moon shaped and sticky. When this happens, their life span is cut short and they're unable to carry the oxygen required for the lungs or body. Because the red blood cells become sticky they often get lodged and create blockages. This can lead to pulmonary hypertension (Increased blood pressure in the lungs). The body makes up for this by slowing down your metabolism so it can survive off lower levels of oxygen. Then it will increase your heart rate to get more blood pumping to the body. Most complications can be maintained with blood transfusions and medications. [None Given]