PSYC 435 EXAM 1
British Empiricists (John Locke)
- a group of philosophers who maintained that a newborn's mind is a blank slate, or tabula
rasa, upon which environmental experiences are written.
Tichener
- psychologist that created structuralism
Hull
- psychologist who claimed that intervening variables, which are physiological, can control
behavior
Tolman
- psychologist that maintained cognitive behaviorism; behavior is guided by expectations;
cognitive map
Thorndike
- 1900-cat in a box; maintained Aristotles laws of association; law of effect
Law of effect
- law that says rewards strengthen learning; behavior changes because of its consequences
Bandura
- psychologist that maintained social learning theory and reciprocal determanism
James
- psychologist who established functionalism; believed that you should not study structure of
mind, only adaptive significance
, Skinner
- Biggest figure in behaviorism; questioned whether we can control and change a persons
behavior; countercontrol
Abolishing operation
- a procedure that decreases the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus
Appetitive stimulus
- an event that an organism will seek out
Aversive stimulus
- an event that an organism will avoid
Baseline
- the normal frequency of a behavior prior to an intervention (A)
Changing-criterion design
- a type of single-subject design in which the effect of the treatment is demonstrated by how
closely the behavior matches a criterion that is systematically altered
Comparative design
- a type of group design in which different species constitute one of the independent variables
Control group design
- a type of group design in which, at its simplest, subjects are randomly assigned to either an
experimental (or treatment) group or a control group
Covert behavior
British Empiricists (John Locke)
- a group of philosophers who maintained that a newborn's mind is a blank slate, or tabula
rasa, upon which environmental experiences are written.
Tichener
- psychologist that created structuralism
Hull
- psychologist who claimed that intervening variables, which are physiological, can control
behavior
Tolman
- psychologist that maintained cognitive behaviorism; behavior is guided by expectations;
cognitive map
Thorndike
- 1900-cat in a box; maintained Aristotles laws of association; law of effect
Law of effect
- law that says rewards strengthen learning; behavior changes because of its consequences
Bandura
- psychologist that maintained social learning theory and reciprocal determanism
James
- psychologist who established functionalism; believed that you should not study structure of
mind, only adaptive significance
, Skinner
- Biggest figure in behaviorism; questioned whether we can control and change a persons
behavior; countercontrol
Abolishing operation
- a procedure that decreases the appetitiveness or aversiveness of a stimulus
Appetitive stimulus
- an event that an organism will seek out
Aversive stimulus
- an event that an organism will avoid
Baseline
- the normal frequency of a behavior prior to an intervention (A)
Changing-criterion design
- a type of single-subject design in which the effect of the treatment is demonstrated by how
closely the behavior matches a criterion that is systematically altered
Comparative design
- a type of group design in which different species constitute one of the independent variables
Control group design
- a type of group design in which, at its simplest, subjects are randomly assigned to either an
experimental (or treatment) group or a control group
Covert behavior
