Week 5-7 Holocaust Assignment
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Week 5
What was the goal the fascist regime hoped to attain by adopting anti-Semitism as an
ideology to marginalize Italian Jews? Was it successful? As Ruth Ben-Ghiat's article is
key, please bring into the answer the main ideas that she explains in her article.
By adopting anti-Semitism to marginalize Italian Jews, the fascist regime was trying to create a
strong and victorious race (Ben Ghiat, 149). Italy also wanted to protect Italy’s indigenous
traditions. The regime also was trying to cure the fragmentation and backwardness that Italy had
become throughout the years (Ben Ghiat, 149). The fascist regime was trying to tackle national
concerns (Ben Ghiat, 153). It also helped the Italian regime collaborate and create alliances with
the Axis. The racial laws perpetuated the tradition of blaming the Jews for Italy’s weak stance
amongst the other European nations. The racial laws showed the Italians that the Italian race
needed to be remade so that they would be able to regenerate their nation (Ben Ghiat, 156).
These laws also “revolutionized” Italy by changing the morals of the state (Ben Ghiat, 156). The
laws were meant to stop the deterioration of national identities (Ben Ghiat, 155). In working
towards the goal of national unity, the fascist regime was successful in marginalizing the Jews
and making the Italian society believe that the Jews were the reason for the failures of the state.
It also created a strong sense of nationalism and pride among the “pure Italians”. With the
propaganda that coincided with the racial laws, Italian Jews were completely demonized and
stripped of their dignity. The fascist regime was successfully able to turn Italy against the Jews
by adopting anti-Semitism. However,
while many Italians held anti-Semitic feelings, the majority of the population had no desire to see
any Jews actively persecuted or deported.
1) How are futurism and fascism associated?
a) “Futurism was one of the first avant-garde art and social movements of the twentieth century”
(The Futurist Manifesto, 25). Brought into existence by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, futurism
celebrated action, technology and war. Very popular during the First World War, many futurists
were very welcoming to the war’s arrival. Fascism is considered to be a far-right wing
, Week 5-7 Holocaust Assignment
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nationalist political movement and ideology. Fascists believe that democracy is a flawed system
and that a nation should be controlled by a complete totalitarian state. Futurism and fascism are
often closely associated. For example, their similarities can be seen in World War I. As stated
above Futurists welcomed the war in hope for positive change in their nation. Fascists during
World War I similarly saw war as opportunity for national advances in technology, society and
state.
b) Futurism and fascism are often associated because these movements both originated from
Italy during the twentieth century. A similar trait of both these movements is that they both
aimed to change Italian society. Futurism wanted to create change within the art culture, “The
futurist insisted on ‘burning down the libraries and flooding the museums’ in order to free
modern artists from the oppressive and dead weight of past aesthetic tradition” (Marinetti 25).
Another similarity is that both movements glorifies action, war, violence, and technology. “The
rifle and the cartridge belt, and the rest, are confided to you not to rust in leisure, but to be
preserved in war” (The Fascist Decalogue). “We want to glorify war-the only cure for the world”
(Marinetti 28).
2. Historicize fascism in Italy and how Mussolini came to power.
Italy had lost its sense of pride in the beginning of the 20th century. While other parts of
Europe and the world were benefiting from the industrial revolution, Italy was behind the curve
due to its agricultural nature. Italy was again left in the dust when the “land-grab” for Africa was
initiated by multiple nations of Europe. This pride met a new low when Ethiopia defeated the
Italian military, as they were attempting to annex the country. This, along with other border
disputes came to a head following the First World War. Italy had agreed to fight the Germans
during WWI in exchange for multiple colonial territories after the war. As they could not push
into Germany and secure a decisive victory, they were only partially rewarded after the war’s
conclusion. Citizens were furious, over the embarrassment and the economic depression felt after
the War. Mussolini, a political newspaper writer and veteran, peddled his distaste for the actions
, Week 5-7 Holocaust Assignment
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of the Italian Government. As his support base group grew, he recruited a private militia of ex-
servicemen known as “Black Shirts,” to further his political ideals. When 600 factories were shut
down due to a peasant and worker revolt, the Italian government was blindsided. They asked
Mussolini and his “Black Shirts” to intervene and remedy the situation. Mussolini complied, and
ended the rebellion. As a result, companies and business moguls poured money into Mussolini,
allowing him to further his political gains through his fascist party (The Fascist).
As there was no majority in the congress, weak coalition governments failed repeatedly.
Promising strong leadership, that only he could provide, he ordered his Black Shirts to march on
Answers100% CORRECT RATED A+
DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A.
Week 5
What was the goal the fascist regime hoped to attain by adopting anti-Semitism as an
ideology to marginalize Italian Jews? Was it successful? As Ruth Ben-Ghiat's article is
key, please bring into the answer the main ideas that she explains in her article.
By adopting anti-Semitism to marginalize Italian Jews, the fascist regime was trying to create a
strong and victorious race (Ben Ghiat, 149). Italy also wanted to protect Italy’s indigenous
traditions. The regime also was trying to cure the fragmentation and backwardness that Italy had
become throughout the years (Ben Ghiat, 149). The fascist regime was trying to tackle national
concerns (Ben Ghiat, 153). It also helped the Italian regime collaborate and create alliances with
the Axis. The racial laws perpetuated the tradition of blaming the Jews for Italy’s weak stance
amongst the other European nations. The racial laws showed the Italians that the Italian race
needed to be remade so that they would be able to regenerate their nation (Ben Ghiat, 156).
These laws also “revolutionized” Italy by changing the morals of the state (Ben Ghiat, 156). The
laws were meant to stop the deterioration of national identities (Ben Ghiat, 155). In working
towards the goal of national unity, the fascist regime was successful in marginalizing the Jews
and making the Italian society believe that the Jews were the reason for the failures of the state.
It also created a strong sense of nationalism and pride among the “pure Italians”. With the
propaganda that coincided with the racial laws, Italian Jews were completely demonized and
stripped of their dignity. The fascist regime was successfully able to turn Italy against the Jews
by adopting anti-Semitism. However,
while many Italians held anti-Semitic feelings, the majority of the population had no desire to see
any Jews actively persecuted or deported.
1) How are futurism and fascism associated?
a) “Futurism was one of the first avant-garde art and social movements of the twentieth century”
(The Futurist Manifesto, 25). Brought into existence by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, futurism
celebrated action, technology and war. Very popular during the First World War, many futurists
were very welcoming to the war’s arrival. Fascism is considered to be a far-right wing
, Week 5-7 Holocaust Assignment
Answers100% CORRECT RATED A+
DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A.
nationalist political movement and ideology. Fascists believe that democracy is a flawed system
and that a nation should be controlled by a complete totalitarian state. Futurism and fascism are
often closely associated. For example, their similarities can be seen in World War I. As stated
above Futurists welcomed the war in hope for positive change in their nation. Fascists during
World War I similarly saw war as opportunity for national advances in technology, society and
state.
b) Futurism and fascism are often associated because these movements both originated from
Italy during the twentieth century. A similar trait of both these movements is that they both
aimed to change Italian society. Futurism wanted to create change within the art culture, “The
futurist insisted on ‘burning down the libraries and flooding the museums’ in order to free
modern artists from the oppressive and dead weight of past aesthetic tradition” (Marinetti 25).
Another similarity is that both movements glorifies action, war, violence, and technology. “The
rifle and the cartridge belt, and the rest, are confided to you not to rust in leisure, but to be
preserved in war” (The Fascist Decalogue). “We want to glorify war-the only cure for the world”
(Marinetti 28).
2. Historicize fascism in Italy and how Mussolini came to power.
Italy had lost its sense of pride in the beginning of the 20th century. While other parts of
Europe and the world were benefiting from the industrial revolution, Italy was behind the curve
due to its agricultural nature. Italy was again left in the dust when the “land-grab” for Africa was
initiated by multiple nations of Europe. This pride met a new low when Ethiopia defeated the
Italian military, as they were attempting to annex the country. This, along with other border
disputes came to a head following the First World War. Italy had agreed to fight the Germans
during WWI in exchange for multiple colonial territories after the war. As they could not push
into Germany and secure a decisive victory, they were only partially rewarded after the war’s
conclusion. Citizens were furious, over the embarrassment and the economic depression felt after
the War. Mussolini, a political newspaper writer and veteran, peddled his distaste for the actions
, Week 5-7 Holocaust Assignment
Answers100% CORRECT RATED A+
DOWNLOAD TO SCORE A.
of the Italian Government. As his support base group grew, he recruited a private militia of ex-
servicemen known as “Black Shirts,” to further his political ideals. When 600 factories were shut
down due to a peasant and worker revolt, the Italian government was blindsided. They asked
Mussolini and his “Black Shirts” to intervene and remedy the situation. Mussolini complied, and
ended the rebellion. As a result, companies and business moguls poured money into Mussolini,
allowing him to further his political gains through his fascist party (The Fascist).
As there was no majority in the congress, weak coalition governments failed repeatedly.
Promising strong leadership, that only he could provide, he ordered his Black Shirts to march on
