Jarvis: Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 8th Edition
Chapter 21: Peripheral Vascular System and Lymphatic System
Answer Keys: Study Guide and Lab Manual
1. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry freshly oxygenated blood away from the heart to the
rest of the body
The artery walls are strong, tough, and able to withstand pressure demands.
Their walls contain elastic fibers and can stretch with systole and recoil with diastole.
They also contain muscle fibers (vascular smooth muscle), which controls the amount of
blood delivered to the tissues by changing the diameter of the arteries to control the rate
of blood flow.
Veins are the blood vessels that carry the deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Veins are
a low-pressure system, contain intraluminal valves to help direct blood back to the heart,
and have thinner walls than those of the arteries.
Veins have larger diameters and are more distensible.
2. Temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, posterior
tibialis.
3. The three mechanisms returning venous blood to the heart:
The contracting skeletal muscles milk the blood proximally, back toward the heart.
The pressure gradient caused by breathing, in which inspiration makes the thoracic
pressure decrease and the abdominal pressure increase.
The intraluminal valves ensure unidirectional flow toward the heart.
4. Veins have the ability to stretch and are called capacitance vessels for this reason. The
ability to stretch is a compensatory mechanism that reduces stress on the heart.
5. Risk factors for venous stasis:
Prolonged standing, sitting, or bed rest, because these situations do not allow a person to
benefit from the milking action that walking accomplishes.
Presence of varicose veins, especially in the presence of obesity and pregnancy.
6. The lymphatic system is a separate vessel system that retrieves excess fluid from the
tissue spaces and returns it to the bloodstream.
7. The lymph nodes are small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue located at intervals along the
vessels. They are usually arranged in groups, both deep and superficial in the body. Nodes
filter the fluid before it is returned to the bloodstream and filter out microorganisms that
could be harmful to the body.
8. Bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, thymus gland.
9. History should include:
Leg pain or cramps.
Skin changes on arms or legs.
Swelling in the arms or legs.
Lymph node enlargement.
Medications.
10. The grading scale for an arterial pulse is:
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Chapter 21: Peripheral Vascular System and Lymphatic System
Answer Keys: Study Guide and Lab Manual
1. Arteries are the blood vessels that carry freshly oxygenated blood away from the heart to the
rest of the body
The artery walls are strong, tough, and able to withstand pressure demands.
Their walls contain elastic fibers and can stretch with systole and recoil with diastole.
They also contain muscle fibers (vascular smooth muscle), which controls the amount of
blood delivered to the tissues by changing the diameter of the arteries to control the rate
of blood flow.
Veins are the blood vessels that carry the deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Veins are
a low-pressure system, contain intraluminal valves to help direct blood back to the heart,
and have thinner walls than those of the arteries.
Veins have larger diameters and are more distensible.
2. Temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, ulnar, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, posterior
tibialis.
3. The three mechanisms returning venous blood to the heart:
The contracting skeletal muscles milk the blood proximally, back toward the heart.
The pressure gradient caused by breathing, in which inspiration makes the thoracic
pressure decrease and the abdominal pressure increase.
The intraluminal valves ensure unidirectional flow toward the heart.
4. Veins have the ability to stretch and are called capacitance vessels for this reason. The
ability to stretch is a compensatory mechanism that reduces stress on the heart.
5. Risk factors for venous stasis:
Prolonged standing, sitting, or bed rest, because these situations do not allow a person to
benefit from the milking action that walking accomplishes.
Presence of varicose veins, especially in the presence of obesity and pregnancy.
6. The lymphatic system is a separate vessel system that retrieves excess fluid from the
tissue spaces and returns it to the bloodstream.
7. The lymph nodes are small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue located at intervals along the
vessels. They are usually arranged in groups, both deep and superficial in the body. Nodes
filter the fluid before it is returned to the bloodstream and filter out microorganisms that
could be harmful to the body.
8. Bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, thymus gland.
9. History should include:
Leg pain or cramps.
Skin changes on arms or legs.
Swelling in the arms or legs.
Lymph node enlargement.
Medications.
10. The grading scale for an arterial pulse is:
This study source was downloaded by 100000832361371 from CourseHero.com on 04 -13-2022 14:32:29 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/62289282/Health-Assessment-Ch21-Peripheral-Vascular-System-and-Lymphatic-Systempdf/
