NURS 200 Final Exam Study Guide
Final Exam Review
1. Know hand hygiene pg. 612 (no matter how old always use hand hygiene)
• #1 way to prevent infection, always use hand hygiene before patient contract (no
matter the age)
2. Know standard precautions pg. 619 (for AIDS use standard precuations)
• Used in the care of all hospitalized individuals regardless of diagnosis or possible
infection status
• These precautions apply to: blood, all body fluids, excretions, secretions,
nonintact (broken) skin, mucous membranes
• Equipment: gloves, mask, gown
• SP includes: hand hygiene, use of PPE, safe injection practices, safe handling of
potentially contaminated equipment, cough etiquette
• Examples: HIV, Leukemia
3. Know airborne precautions #3 on pg. 619
• Used for clients known to have or suspected of having serious illnesses
transmitted by airborne droplets smaller than 5 microns
• Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the room of a client who is known
to have or suspected of having primary TB.
• Examples: TB, Varicella, Measles
4. Know how to remove a face mask #11 on pg. 623
• Remove the mask at the doorway to the client’s room. If using a respirator mask,
remove it after leaving the room and closing the door
• If using a mask with strings, first untie the lower strings of the mask (this
prevents the top part of the mask from falling onto the chest)
• Untie the top strings and while holding the ties securely, remove the mask from
the face. If side loops are present, lift the side loops up and away from the ears
and face. Do not touch the front of the mask (the front of the mask through
which the nurse has been breathing is contaminated)
• Discard a disposable mask in the waste container
• Perform proper hand hygiene
5. Know the information on hypertension on pg. 500-501 (not an immediate intervention,
the answer is to schedule appointment to see the doctor)
• Screening guidelines: screen for cardiac disease=if not normal, evaluate BP
• Hypertension cannot be diagnosed unless an elevated BP is found when
measured twice at different times. A single elevated BP reading indicates the
need for reassessment
i. It is usually asymptomatic and is often a contributing factor to myocardial
infarctions (heart attacks)
• Primary hypertension: elevated BP of unknown cause
• Secondary hypertension: an elevated BP of known cause
• Factors associated with hypertension: thickening of the arterial walls, inelasticity
of arteries
,NURS 200 Final Exam Study Guide
• Lifestyle factors: smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, lack of physical
exercise, high blood cholesterol levels, stress
6. Know table 29-4 on pg. 501 priority risk factor (know the numbers of hypertension)
• Normal: <120 mmHg systolic and <80 mmHg diastolic
• Prehypertensive: 120-139 mmHg systolic or 80-89 mmHg diastolic
• Hypertension stage 1: 140-159 mmHg systolic or 90-99 mmHg diastolic
• Hypertension Stage 2: >160 mmHg systolic or >100 mmHg diastolic
7. Know how age and temperature are related on pg. 479 #1 Age (know that factors that
affect body temp is age)
• Infants are greatly influenced by the temperature of the environment and must
be protected from extreme changes
• Children’s temperatures vary more than those of adults do until puberty
• Many older people, particularly those over 75 years, are at risk of hypothermia
(temperatures below 36 degrees Celsius or 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit)
i. For a variety of reasons such as: inadequate diet, loss of subcutaneous
fat, lack of activity, reduced thermoregulatory efficiency
ii. Older adults are also particularly sensitive to extremes in the
environmental temperature due to decreased thermoregulatory controls
8. What tasks can be delegated to a UAP?
• Never assessment, education, teaching, medication
• Pick the answer that does not have the above mentioned
9. Know hearing aids, skill 33-7 #1 on pg. 705 (help them be as independent as possible)
• Prior to performing the procedure, introduce self and verify the client’s identity
using agency protocol. Explain to the client what you are going to do, why it is
necessary, and how he or she can participate
• Always give freedom to patient and encourage as much independence as
possible
10. Know partial bed bath pg. 675 (what to do for partial bed bath and who gets a partial
bed bath)
• Also known as “abbreviated bath”
• Only the parts of the client’s body that might cause discomfort or odor, if
neglected, are washed: the face, hands, axillae, perineal area, and back
i. Omitted from the bath: arms, chest, abdomen, legs, and feet
ii. The nurse provides this care for dependent clients and assists self-
sufficient clients confined to bed by washing their backs
iii. Some ambulatory clients prefer to take a partial bath at the sink. The
nurse can assist them by washing their backs
• Used for patients who are dependent clients, and self-sufficient clients who are
confined to the bed
11. Know practice guidelines for bed making on pg. 709 (used linens do not go on the
ground)
• Wear gloves while handling a client’s used bed linen. Linens and equipment that
have been soiled with secretions and excretions harbor microorganisms that can
, NURS 200 Final Exam Study Guide
be transmitted to others directly or by the nurse’s hands or uniform. Wash hands
after removing gloves
• Hold soiled linen away from uniform
• Linen for one client is never placed on another client’s bed
• Place soiled linen directly in a portable linen hamper or tucked into a pillow case
at the end of the bed before it is gathered up for disposal
• Do not shake soiled linen in the air because shanking can disseminate secretions
and excretions and the microorganisms they contain
• When stripping and making a bed, conserve time and energy by stripping and
making up one side as much as possible before working on the other side
• To avoid unnecessary trips to the linen supply area, gather all linen before
starting to strip a bed
12. Know client teaching related to skin rashes on pg. 684 (read options very carefully)
• Keep the area clean by washing it with a mild soap. Rinse the skin well and pat it
dry
• To relieve itching, try a tepid bath or soak. Some over the counter preparations
such as Caladryl lotion may help but should be used with full knowledge of the
product
• Avoid scratching the rash to prevent inflammation, infection, and further skin
lesions
• Choose clothing carefully. Too much can cause perspiration and aggravate a rash
• Keep site dry and do not rub, provide extra care and take time with rash site
13. Know attentive listening book 26-1 “E” on pg. 420 (the answer is maintaining eye
contact)
• Maintain good eye contact. In north American culture, mutual eye contact,
preferably at the same level, recognizes the other person and denotes willingness
to maintain communication. Eye contact neither glares at nor stares down
another but is natural. In other cultures, too much eye contact especially with
someone in a position of authority is out of order.
14. Know table 26-1 on pg. 420, using silence (being silent allows the patient to collect their
thoughts and feelings and put them into words)
• Accepting pauses or silences that may extend for several seconds or minutes
without interjecting any verbal response
• Examples: sitting quietly (or walking with the client) and waiting attentively until
the client is able to put thoughts and feelings into words
• Helps patient gather thoughts
15. Know stereotyping in Table 26-2 on pg. 422
• Offering generalized and oversimplified beliefs about groups of people that are
based on experiences too limited to be valid. These responses categorize clients
and negate their uniqueness as individuals
• Examples
i. “Two-year-olds are brats”
ii. “Women are complainers”
Final Exam Review
1. Know hand hygiene pg. 612 (no matter how old always use hand hygiene)
• #1 way to prevent infection, always use hand hygiene before patient contract (no
matter the age)
2. Know standard precautions pg. 619 (for AIDS use standard precuations)
• Used in the care of all hospitalized individuals regardless of diagnosis or possible
infection status
• These precautions apply to: blood, all body fluids, excretions, secretions,
nonintact (broken) skin, mucous membranes
• Equipment: gloves, mask, gown
• SP includes: hand hygiene, use of PPE, safe injection practices, safe handling of
potentially contaminated equipment, cough etiquette
• Examples: HIV, Leukemia
3. Know airborne precautions #3 on pg. 619
• Used for clients known to have or suspected of having serious illnesses
transmitted by airborne droplets smaller than 5 microns
• Wear an N95 respirator mask when entering the room of a client who is known
to have or suspected of having primary TB.
• Examples: TB, Varicella, Measles
4. Know how to remove a face mask #11 on pg. 623
• Remove the mask at the doorway to the client’s room. If using a respirator mask,
remove it after leaving the room and closing the door
• If using a mask with strings, first untie the lower strings of the mask (this
prevents the top part of the mask from falling onto the chest)
• Untie the top strings and while holding the ties securely, remove the mask from
the face. If side loops are present, lift the side loops up and away from the ears
and face. Do not touch the front of the mask (the front of the mask through
which the nurse has been breathing is contaminated)
• Discard a disposable mask in the waste container
• Perform proper hand hygiene
5. Know the information on hypertension on pg. 500-501 (not an immediate intervention,
the answer is to schedule appointment to see the doctor)
• Screening guidelines: screen for cardiac disease=if not normal, evaluate BP
• Hypertension cannot be diagnosed unless an elevated BP is found when
measured twice at different times. A single elevated BP reading indicates the
need for reassessment
i. It is usually asymptomatic and is often a contributing factor to myocardial
infarctions (heart attacks)
• Primary hypertension: elevated BP of unknown cause
• Secondary hypertension: an elevated BP of known cause
• Factors associated with hypertension: thickening of the arterial walls, inelasticity
of arteries
,NURS 200 Final Exam Study Guide
• Lifestyle factors: smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol consumption, lack of physical
exercise, high blood cholesterol levels, stress
6. Know table 29-4 on pg. 501 priority risk factor (know the numbers of hypertension)
• Normal: <120 mmHg systolic and <80 mmHg diastolic
• Prehypertensive: 120-139 mmHg systolic or 80-89 mmHg diastolic
• Hypertension stage 1: 140-159 mmHg systolic or 90-99 mmHg diastolic
• Hypertension Stage 2: >160 mmHg systolic or >100 mmHg diastolic
7. Know how age and temperature are related on pg. 479 #1 Age (know that factors that
affect body temp is age)
• Infants are greatly influenced by the temperature of the environment and must
be protected from extreme changes
• Children’s temperatures vary more than those of adults do until puberty
• Many older people, particularly those over 75 years, are at risk of hypothermia
(temperatures below 36 degrees Celsius or 96.8 degrees Fahrenheit)
i. For a variety of reasons such as: inadequate diet, loss of subcutaneous
fat, lack of activity, reduced thermoregulatory efficiency
ii. Older adults are also particularly sensitive to extremes in the
environmental temperature due to decreased thermoregulatory controls
8. What tasks can be delegated to a UAP?
• Never assessment, education, teaching, medication
• Pick the answer that does not have the above mentioned
9. Know hearing aids, skill 33-7 #1 on pg. 705 (help them be as independent as possible)
• Prior to performing the procedure, introduce self and verify the client’s identity
using agency protocol. Explain to the client what you are going to do, why it is
necessary, and how he or she can participate
• Always give freedom to patient and encourage as much independence as
possible
10. Know partial bed bath pg. 675 (what to do for partial bed bath and who gets a partial
bed bath)
• Also known as “abbreviated bath”
• Only the parts of the client’s body that might cause discomfort or odor, if
neglected, are washed: the face, hands, axillae, perineal area, and back
i. Omitted from the bath: arms, chest, abdomen, legs, and feet
ii. The nurse provides this care for dependent clients and assists self-
sufficient clients confined to bed by washing their backs
iii. Some ambulatory clients prefer to take a partial bath at the sink. The
nurse can assist them by washing their backs
• Used for patients who are dependent clients, and self-sufficient clients who are
confined to the bed
11. Know practice guidelines for bed making on pg. 709 (used linens do not go on the
ground)
• Wear gloves while handling a client’s used bed linen. Linens and equipment that
have been soiled with secretions and excretions harbor microorganisms that can
, NURS 200 Final Exam Study Guide
be transmitted to others directly or by the nurse’s hands or uniform. Wash hands
after removing gloves
• Hold soiled linen away from uniform
• Linen for one client is never placed on another client’s bed
• Place soiled linen directly in a portable linen hamper or tucked into a pillow case
at the end of the bed before it is gathered up for disposal
• Do not shake soiled linen in the air because shanking can disseminate secretions
and excretions and the microorganisms they contain
• When stripping and making a bed, conserve time and energy by stripping and
making up one side as much as possible before working on the other side
• To avoid unnecessary trips to the linen supply area, gather all linen before
starting to strip a bed
12. Know client teaching related to skin rashes on pg. 684 (read options very carefully)
• Keep the area clean by washing it with a mild soap. Rinse the skin well and pat it
dry
• To relieve itching, try a tepid bath or soak. Some over the counter preparations
such as Caladryl lotion may help but should be used with full knowledge of the
product
• Avoid scratching the rash to prevent inflammation, infection, and further skin
lesions
• Choose clothing carefully. Too much can cause perspiration and aggravate a rash
• Keep site dry and do not rub, provide extra care and take time with rash site
13. Know attentive listening book 26-1 “E” on pg. 420 (the answer is maintaining eye
contact)
• Maintain good eye contact. In north American culture, mutual eye contact,
preferably at the same level, recognizes the other person and denotes willingness
to maintain communication. Eye contact neither glares at nor stares down
another but is natural. In other cultures, too much eye contact especially with
someone in a position of authority is out of order.
14. Know table 26-1 on pg. 420, using silence (being silent allows the patient to collect their
thoughts and feelings and put them into words)
• Accepting pauses or silences that may extend for several seconds or minutes
without interjecting any verbal response
• Examples: sitting quietly (or walking with the client) and waiting attentively until
the client is able to put thoughts and feelings into words
• Helps patient gather thoughts
15. Know stereotyping in Table 26-2 on pg. 422
• Offering generalized and oversimplified beliefs about groups of people that are
based on experiences too limited to be valid. These responses categorize clients
and negate their uniqueness as individuals
• Examples
i. “Two-year-olds are brats”
ii. “Women are complainers”
