ATI Pharmacology 2019 correct answers.
ACE Inhibitors: Enalapril, lisinopril, captopril - Vasodilator
Hyperkalemia (manifests in heart)
DRY COUGH
Orthostatic hypotension
Causes angioedema: probably have to give epinephrine to treat
angioedema (swelling of vasculature of hands and feet)
Nasal congestion
Vasodilation S/E
Transient elevations in BUN (10-20) and creatinine (0.6-1.2)
MAJOR med for treatment of CHF (blocks aldosterone- fluid/sodium loss, K retention)
To remember: A (angioedema) C (cough) E (elevated potassium)
NO salt substitutes (for all medications causing hyperkalemia)
Nitrates: Nitroglycerin - Angina
Vasodilation (decrease BP, increase pulse)
cool/dark storage
Decreases preload and afterload
Decrease O2 demand
No phosphodiesterase inhibitor aka viagra, cialis for erectile dysfunction. They lower blood pressure
already
Hold for systolic BP less than 100
S/E: hypotension, fatigue, weakness, headache, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, flushing,
dizziness, confusion, nausea, nasal congestion, peripheral edema
Orthostatic hypotension teaching: Rise up slowly from sitting to standing
Sublingual= 1 tab Q5 min up to 3x
Store in the dark (put in dark cool storage)
Patch= 12 hour on/off
Fold it before throwing it out
Do not put patch on a hairy area
,ATI Pharmacology 2019 correct answers.
Rotate the site on anterior chest well
No hairy sites
Vasodilation S/E - Hypotension
HA
Dizziness
OH
Reflex tachycardia
Nasal congestion
Flushing
Peripheral edema
Statins: Atorvastatin, simvastatin - Overtime are highly hepatotoxic
Rhambodymolysis = calf pain, myalgia
Decreased cholesterol and LDL; increase HDL
Labs: CK, AST, ALT, LDL, HDL
Lifelong treatment
Rebound hyperlipidemia
NO grapefruit
Take at bedtime when body is resting
DO NOT stop abruptly
Report muscle tenderness
On med for a lifetime
Beta-Blocker: propanolol (Inderal) - Nonselective
Contraindicated for resp, smokers, diabetics, asthma patients
Selective (atenolol and metoprolol)
Not a direct vasodilator (renin)
, ATI Pharmacology 2019 correct answers.
Decrease in CO (caused by shock, HF, dysrhythmia, fluid retention)
Bradycardia
Hold for HR less than 50
Don't stop abruptly
Pallor, cool extremities
May also be given for anxiety and migraine prevention/treatment
Decrease in sexual function
Fluid retention
Confusion
Antihypertensives: Beta Blocker: metoprolol - Cardio selective
Open renal vasculature
Block SNS at heart and renal vasculature
Vasodilation occurs because kidneys aren't producing renin
Decreased cardiac output
Bradycardia
Hold HR less than 60 (ATI: 50)
Pallor, cool extremities, dysrhythmias
Do NOT give to asthma and or diabetes patients
Do NOT stop abruptly
CCB: amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil, nifedipine - Vasodilator (reflex tachycardia)
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Heart failure
Decrease CO
Harder muscle contractions
Given for angina, to decrease BP, for dysrhythmias
ACE Inhibitors: Enalapril, lisinopril, captopril - Vasodilator
Hyperkalemia (manifests in heart)
DRY COUGH
Orthostatic hypotension
Causes angioedema: probably have to give epinephrine to treat
angioedema (swelling of vasculature of hands and feet)
Nasal congestion
Vasodilation S/E
Transient elevations in BUN (10-20) and creatinine (0.6-1.2)
MAJOR med for treatment of CHF (blocks aldosterone- fluid/sodium loss, K retention)
To remember: A (angioedema) C (cough) E (elevated potassium)
NO salt substitutes (for all medications causing hyperkalemia)
Nitrates: Nitroglycerin - Angina
Vasodilation (decrease BP, increase pulse)
cool/dark storage
Decreases preload and afterload
Decrease O2 demand
No phosphodiesterase inhibitor aka viagra, cialis for erectile dysfunction. They lower blood pressure
already
Hold for systolic BP less than 100
S/E: hypotension, fatigue, weakness, headache, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, flushing,
dizziness, confusion, nausea, nasal congestion, peripheral edema
Orthostatic hypotension teaching: Rise up slowly from sitting to standing
Sublingual= 1 tab Q5 min up to 3x
Store in the dark (put in dark cool storage)
Patch= 12 hour on/off
Fold it before throwing it out
Do not put patch on a hairy area
,ATI Pharmacology 2019 correct answers.
Rotate the site on anterior chest well
No hairy sites
Vasodilation S/E - Hypotension
HA
Dizziness
OH
Reflex tachycardia
Nasal congestion
Flushing
Peripheral edema
Statins: Atorvastatin, simvastatin - Overtime are highly hepatotoxic
Rhambodymolysis = calf pain, myalgia
Decreased cholesterol and LDL; increase HDL
Labs: CK, AST, ALT, LDL, HDL
Lifelong treatment
Rebound hyperlipidemia
NO grapefruit
Take at bedtime when body is resting
DO NOT stop abruptly
Report muscle tenderness
On med for a lifetime
Beta-Blocker: propanolol (Inderal) - Nonselective
Contraindicated for resp, smokers, diabetics, asthma patients
Selective (atenolol and metoprolol)
Not a direct vasodilator (renin)
, ATI Pharmacology 2019 correct answers.
Decrease in CO (caused by shock, HF, dysrhythmia, fluid retention)
Bradycardia
Hold for HR less than 50
Don't stop abruptly
Pallor, cool extremities
May also be given for anxiety and migraine prevention/treatment
Decrease in sexual function
Fluid retention
Confusion
Antihypertensives: Beta Blocker: metoprolol - Cardio selective
Open renal vasculature
Block SNS at heart and renal vasculature
Vasodilation occurs because kidneys aren't producing renin
Decreased cardiac output
Bradycardia
Hold HR less than 60 (ATI: 50)
Pallor, cool extremities, dysrhythmias
Do NOT give to asthma and or diabetes patients
Do NOT stop abruptly
CCB: amlodipine, diltiazem, verapamil, nifedipine - Vasodilator (reflex tachycardia)
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Heart failure
Decrease CO
Harder muscle contractions
Given for angina, to decrease BP, for dysrhythmias
