Exam 3 Pharm Infection Medications, ATI
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
Type of medication that treats infection caused by bacteria, virus, and fungi -
answerAntimicrobial
In what 3 ways can an antimicrobial work? - answer-destroys bacterial cell wall
-inhibits enzymes needed for baterial survival
-impairs protein synthesis
Changes in micro organism DNA that causes resistance - answerConjugation
When normal flora is killed off by antibiotic therapy and a new, harder to treat infection
develops - answerSuprainfection
Mechanism of action that kills the organism - answerBacterialcidal
Mechanism of action that slows or prevents the growth of the organism -
answerBacterialstatic
How do we identify the causative organism? - answerTesting of body fluids like blood,
urine, sputum, wound
When do we collect the specimen to identify the organism? - answerBEFORE med is
started
Which gram bacteria is harder to treat? - answerNegative; impermeable cell wall
What two antibiotics can we not give to pregnant women? - answerGentamycin
(ototoxicity in babe) and tetracycline (tooth damage)
What is the usual complication of just about all antimicrobials? - answerGI distress;
take with food
What is a broad spectrum penicillin? - answerAmoxicillin
What are the 2 main complications of penicillin? - answerHypERkalemia
Allergies
What drug does penicillin inactivate? - answerAminoglycosides
What do we do if we see penicillin running IVPB? - answerSTOP THE INFUSION
What is the prototype drug for cephalosporins? - answerCephalexin
,Exam 3 Pharm Infection Medications, ATI
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
Who cannot take cephalexin? - answerPatients with severe allergy to penicillin
What are the 2 main complications of cephalexin? - answerThrombophlebitis
Pain with IM injection
Where should we admin an IM cephalexin shot? - answerIn a large muscle and
*SLOW*
What interacts badly with cephalexin? - answerAlcohol
Prototype drug that is used for SERIOIS infections; affects bacterial cell wall -
answerVancomycin
Who cannot take vancomycin? - answerPatient with allergy to corn
What are the 2 main complications of vancomycin? - answerOtotoxicity
Infusion reactions
What do we watch for with infusion reactions to vanc? - answer"Red man syndrome"
How do we admin vanc? - answer*Slowly* over 60 min
When do we draw peak levels with antimicrobials? - answer1-2 hours after admin of
*3rd* dose
When do we draw trough levels? - answer30 minutes before the fourth dose
What can tetracycline treat? - answerAcne, mountain spotted fever, periodontal dz,
Lyme disease, etc
What are 3 main complications of tetracyclines? - answer-yellow/brown discoloration of
teeth
-suprainfection of bowel
-photosensitivity
Since tetracycline can cause discoloration in teeth, who should not take the med? -
answerChildren less than 8 years old and pregnant women (for baby)
What should the patient report in case of suprainfection of bowel with tetracycline? -
answerDiarrhea
, Exam 3 Pharm Infection Medications, ATI
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
What will reduce the absorption of tetracyclines? - answerMilk products, calcium or iron
supplements, magnesia, and antacids
How should the patient take tetracyclines? - answerOn empty stomach with full glass of
water (1 hr before or 2 hr after food)
What happens when you take tetracyclines and birth control together? -
answerDecreases effectiveness of birth control
When taking concurrently tetracyclines and digoxin, what could happen? - answerRisk
of digoxin toxicity
For a patient allergic to penicillin, what should they take instead? - answerErythromycin
How should the patient take erythromycin? - answerEmpty stomach
What do we monitor for with erythromycin? - answerPT/INR when taking warfarin
Liver functions if taking >1-2 weeks
What will erythromycin inhibit the metabolism of? - answerAntihistamines, warfarin,
digoxin; toxicity of these meds
What is the prototype drug for aminoglycosides? - answerGentamycin
What are the 3 main complications of gentamycin? - answerOtotoxicity (don't give to
preggers)
Nephrotoxicity
*intensified neuromuscular blockade*
Who is at risk for intensified neuromuscular blockade with gentamycin? - answerClients
with myasthenia gravis
For topical admin of gentamycin, what should we do prior? - answerWash area with
soap and water
If patient is on once/day dosing of gentamycin, what will we measure? In terms of peak
and trough - answer*ONLY TROUGH*
When do we measure peak for gentamycin? - answer*30 min after dose*
When do we measure trough for gentamycin? - answer*30 min before next dose*
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
Type of medication that treats infection caused by bacteria, virus, and fungi -
answerAntimicrobial
In what 3 ways can an antimicrobial work? - answer-destroys bacterial cell wall
-inhibits enzymes needed for baterial survival
-impairs protein synthesis
Changes in micro organism DNA that causes resistance - answerConjugation
When normal flora is killed off by antibiotic therapy and a new, harder to treat infection
develops - answerSuprainfection
Mechanism of action that kills the organism - answerBacterialcidal
Mechanism of action that slows or prevents the growth of the organism -
answerBacterialstatic
How do we identify the causative organism? - answerTesting of body fluids like blood,
urine, sputum, wound
When do we collect the specimen to identify the organism? - answerBEFORE med is
started
Which gram bacteria is harder to treat? - answerNegative; impermeable cell wall
What two antibiotics can we not give to pregnant women? - answerGentamycin
(ototoxicity in babe) and tetracycline (tooth damage)
What is the usual complication of just about all antimicrobials? - answerGI distress;
take with food
What is a broad spectrum penicillin? - answerAmoxicillin
What are the 2 main complications of penicillin? - answerHypERkalemia
Allergies
What drug does penicillin inactivate? - answerAminoglycosides
What do we do if we see penicillin running IVPB? - answerSTOP THE INFUSION
What is the prototype drug for cephalosporins? - answerCephalexin
,Exam 3 Pharm Infection Medications, ATI
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
Who cannot take cephalexin? - answerPatients with severe allergy to penicillin
What are the 2 main complications of cephalexin? - answerThrombophlebitis
Pain with IM injection
Where should we admin an IM cephalexin shot? - answerIn a large muscle and
*SLOW*
What interacts badly with cephalexin? - answerAlcohol
Prototype drug that is used for SERIOIS infections; affects bacterial cell wall -
answerVancomycin
Who cannot take vancomycin? - answerPatient with allergy to corn
What are the 2 main complications of vancomycin? - answerOtotoxicity
Infusion reactions
What do we watch for with infusion reactions to vanc? - answer"Red man syndrome"
How do we admin vanc? - answer*Slowly* over 60 min
When do we draw peak levels with antimicrobials? - answer1-2 hours after admin of
*3rd* dose
When do we draw trough levels? - answer30 minutes before the fourth dose
What can tetracycline treat? - answerAcne, mountain spotted fever, periodontal dz,
Lyme disease, etc
What are 3 main complications of tetracyclines? - answer-yellow/brown discoloration of
teeth
-suprainfection of bowel
-photosensitivity
Since tetracycline can cause discoloration in teeth, who should not take the med? -
answerChildren less than 8 years old and pregnant women (for baby)
What should the patient report in case of suprainfection of bowel with tetracycline? -
answerDiarrhea
, Exam 3 Pharm Infection Medications, ATI
Pharmacology UAMS Pharm II EXAM 3
ATI Questions
What will reduce the absorption of tetracyclines? - answerMilk products, calcium or iron
supplements, magnesia, and antacids
How should the patient take tetracyclines? - answerOn empty stomach with full glass of
water (1 hr before or 2 hr after food)
What happens when you take tetracyclines and birth control together? -
answerDecreases effectiveness of birth control
When taking concurrently tetracyclines and digoxin, what could happen? - answerRisk
of digoxin toxicity
For a patient allergic to penicillin, what should they take instead? - answerErythromycin
How should the patient take erythromycin? - answerEmpty stomach
What do we monitor for with erythromycin? - answerPT/INR when taking warfarin
Liver functions if taking >1-2 weeks
What will erythromycin inhibit the metabolism of? - answerAntihistamines, warfarin,
digoxin; toxicity of these meds
What is the prototype drug for aminoglycosides? - answerGentamycin
What are the 3 main complications of gentamycin? - answerOtotoxicity (don't give to
preggers)
Nephrotoxicity
*intensified neuromuscular blockade*
Who is at risk for intensified neuromuscular blockade with gentamycin? - answerClients
with myasthenia gravis
For topical admin of gentamycin, what should we do prior? - answerWash area with
soap and water
If patient is on once/day dosing of gentamycin, what will we measure? In terms of peak
and trough - answer*ONLY TROUGH*
When do we measure peak for gentamycin? - answer*30 min after dose*
When do we measure trough for gentamycin? - answer*30 min before next dose*
