BIOD 171 MICROBIOLOGY LECTURE EXAM1-6 - PORTAGE
LEARNING
Exams
1. True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism.
False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified
as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
2. What is the smallest biological unit of life?
A cell.
3. At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what?
Macromolecules*
*A student may also answer: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides but they must answer with all four
to be fully correct.
1. How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
20
2. Define an essential amino acid.
An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from the environment
through alternative sources (i.e) food.
1. What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles?
DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA- Ribonucleic acid
DNA- Cellular life has DNA and a role that DNA has is long-term storage of information, it holds the characteristics of living
organisms.
RNA- Is the carrier of information in form of amino acid sequence. It converts the information in the DNA and synthesizes
proteins
,1. Complete the following DNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair:
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CC AGC 3’
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CCAGTAGC 3’
There are 2 bonds formed between A and T, and 3 bonds between G and C.
1. The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
A. Restricts movement of materials in and out of the cell
B. Is often a triple layer comprised of lipids
C. Prevents essential nutrients from escaping
D. Contains hydrophobic tails pointing outward
A and C
2. How many carbon atoms are present in the monosaccharide glucose?
A. 1
B. 3
C. 6
D. 12
C. The molecular formula of Glucose is C6H12O6
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed region.
False. Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus
True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea.
True
, Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies.
Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum (spiral/corkscrew).
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
True. Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid conditions, high
temperatures and even oxygen-poor conditions.
1. Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all that apply.
A. Animalia
B. Plantae
C. Fungi
D. Protista
A,B,C,D
2. True of False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotrophic.
True
3. Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting _____ energy into _______ energy.
Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
1. A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also contain chitin? Select all
that apply.
A. Mushrooms
B. Bacteria
C. Yeast
D. Molds
A, C and D all contain chitin.
2. True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue layers.
True.
LEARNING
Exams
1. True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism.
False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified
as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
2. What is the smallest biological unit of life?
A cell.
3. At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what?
Macromolecules*
*A student may also answer: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides but they must answer with all four
to be fully correct.
1. How many different types of amino acids are available from which to make proteins?
20
2. Define an essential amino acid.
An essential amino acid cannot be produced by the human body and as such must be take in from the environment
through alternative sources (i.e) food.
1. What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles?
DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA- Ribonucleic acid
DNA- Cellular life has DNA and a role that DNA has is long-term storage of information, it holds the characteristics of living
organisms.
RNA- Is the carrier of information in form of amino acid sequence. It converts the information in the DNA and synthesizes
proteins
,1. Complete the following DNA strand and indicate how many bonds are formed for each complementary pair:
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CC AGC 3’
3’ GGTCATCG 5’
5’ CCAGTAGC 3’
There are 2 bonds formed between A and T, and 3 bonds between G and C.
1. The plasma membrane (select all that are true):
A. Restricts movement of materials in and out of the cell
B. Is often a triple layer comprised of lipids
C. Prevents essential nutrients from escaping
D. Contains hydrophobic tails pointing outward
A and C
2. How many carbon atoms are present in the monosaccharide glucose?
A. 1
B. 3
C. 6
D. 12
C. The molecular formula of Glucose is C6H12O6
True of False: The genetic material within a prokaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-enclosed region.
False. Only eukaryotic cells contain its genetic material within a nucleus
True or False: Prokaryotic cells can be subdivided into Bacteria and Archaea.
True
, Describe the 4 basic bacterial morphologies.
Coccus (round/spherical), bacillus (rod), vibrio (curved rod) or spirillum (spiral/corkscrew).
True or False: Archaea is noted for its ability to survive under harsh conditions.
True. Archaea can often be found in harsh conditions such as high salt levels, high acid conditions, high
temperatures and even oxygen-poor conditions.
1. Which of the following microorganisms are considered to be Eukarya? Select all that apply.
A. Animalia
B. Plantae
C. Fungi
D. Protista
A,B,C,D
2. True of False: All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are heterotrophic.
True
3. Microorganisms classified as Plantae obtain most of their energy by converting _____ energy into _______ energy.
Light (sunlight); chemical (sugars)
1. A defining characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in the cell walls. Which of following also contain chitin? Select all
that apply.
A. Mushrooms
B. Bacteria
C. Yeast
D. Molds
A, C and D all contain chitin.
2. True or False: A defining characteristic of Protista is the inability of colonies to form tissue layers.
True.
