C787 Nutrition Study Guide.
C787 Nutrition Study Guide
Nutrition to Support Wellness
Identify the difference between macronutrients and micronutrient.
Macronutrients Micronutrients
are generally considered to include Micronutrients are those vitamins and
carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins; these are minerals that organisms require in very small
dietary constituents consumed in the largest amounts for good health and development
quantities. They play various roles in cell metabolism
In addition, calcium, sodium chloride (salt), and other important biological activities, and
magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and chronic micronutrient deficiencies are
sulfur are sometimes added to the list of responsible for widespread health problems
macronutrients because they are needed around the world.
in
large amounts
Differentiate basic s/s of the following diseases:
Obesity Breathlessness, increased sweating, snoring, inability to cope with
sudden physical activity, feeling very tired every day, back and joint
pains, low confidence and self-esteem.
Marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. It leads to
dehydration and weight loss. Starvation is a form of this disorder.
The symptoms of marasmus include:
weight loss, dehydration, chronic diarrhea, stomach shrinkage
Kwashiorkor occurs in people who have a severe protein deficiency. Children who
develop kwashiorkor are often older than children who develop
marasmus. Person consumes adequate energy but not enough
protein. The symptoms include:
edema, or puffy or swollen appearance due to fluid retention,
bulging of the abdomen, an inability to grow or gain weight
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by a distorted body image, with an unwarranted fear
of being overweight.
Symptoms include trying to maintain a below-normal weight
through starvation or too much exercise.
Bulimia nervosa People with this condition binge eat. They then take steps to avoid
weight gain. Most commonly, this means vomiting (purging). But it
can also mean excessive exercising or fasting.
1
,C787 Nutrition Study Guide.
Pellagra a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B3).
Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in
the mouth. Areas of the skin exposed to either sunlight or friction
are typically affected first.
2
, C787 Nutrition Study Guide.
Identify disease/illness related to specific vitamin deficiencies.
• Vitamin A- spots in the eyeball, dry eyes, inability to see dim light, frequent infections
• Vitamin C- scurvy, bruising, bleeding gums, weakness, fatigue, rash
• Vitamin D- rickets, bone and hair loss, muscle pain and weakness
• Iron- anemia, dizziness, lightheaded, palpitations, pallor
• Iodine- enlarged thyroid, constipation, difficulty thinking and understanding, fatigue,
sensitivity to cold, or slow growth.
HEI (Healthy Eating Index) is a measure of diet quality used to assess
how well a set of foods aligns with key
recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines
for Americans.....An ideal overall HEI score
of
100 reflects that the set of foods aligns
with key dietary recommendations from
the
Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
DGA (Dietary Guidelines for Americans) provides evidence-based nutrition
information and advice for people ages
two and older to help Americans make
healthy choices about food and beverages
in their daily lives. Guidelines are published
every 5
years by the USDA
NHANES (National Health and is a program of studies designed to assess the
Nutrition Examination Survey) health and nutritional status of adults and
children in the United States. The survey is
unique in that it combines interviews and
physical examinations.
FDA (Food Drug Administration) The USDA oversees over meat, poultry, and
USDA (US Department of egg products. However, the majority of the
Agriculture) food supply (80% or more) is regulated by
FDA. FDA is responsible for dairy, seafood,
produce, packaged foods, bottled water,
and
whole eggs
RDA = Recommended Daily Allowances
DRI = Dietary Reference Intakes (family name)
DRI truths: Food labeling must include info about them and it differs on age and gender.
3
C787 Nutrition Study Guide
Nutrition to Support Wellness
Identify the difference between macronutrients and micronutrient.
Macronutrients Micronutrients
are generally considered to include Micronutrients are those vitamins and
carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins; these are minerals that organisms require in very small
dietary constituents consumed in the largest amounts for good health and development
quantities. They play various roles in cell metabolism
In addition, calcium, sodium chloride (salt), and other important biological activities, and
magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and chronic micronutrient deficiencies are
sulfur are sometimes added to the list of responsible for widespread health problems
macronutrients because they are needed around the world.
in
large amounts
Differentiate basic s/s of the following diseases:
Obesity Breathlessness, increased sweating, snoring, inability to cope with
sudden physical activity, feeling very tired every day, back and joint
pains, low confidence and self-esteem.
Marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. It leads to
dehydration and weight loss. Starvation is a form of this disorder.
The symptoms of marasmus include:
weight loss, dehydration, chronic diarrhea, stomach shrinkage
Kwashiorkor occurs in people who have a severe protein deficiency. Children who
develop kwashiorkor are often older than children who develop
marasmus. Person consumes adequate energy but not enough
protein. The symptoms include:
edema, or puffy or swollen appearance due to fluid retention,
bulging of the abdomen, an inability to grow or gain weight
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by a distorted body image, with an unwarranted fear
of being overweight.
Symptoms include trying to maintain a below-normal weight
through starvation or too much exercise.
Bulimia nervosa People with this condition binge eat. They then take steps to avoid
weight gain. Most commonly, this means vomiting (purging). But it
can also mean excessive exercising or fasting.
1
,C787 Nutrition Study Guide.
Pellagra a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B3).
Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in
the mouth. Areas of the skin exposed to either sunlight or friction
are typically affected first.
2
, C787 Nutrition Study Guide.
Identify disease/illness related to specific vitamin deficiencies.
• Vitamin A- spots in the eyeball, dry eyes, inability to see dim light, frequent infections
• Vitamin C- scurvy, bruising, bleeding gums, weakness, fatigue, rash
• Vitamin D- rickets, bone and hair loss, muscle pain and weakness
• Iron- anemia, dizziness, lightheaded, palpitations, pallor
• Iodine- enlarged thyroid, constipation, difficulty thinking and understanding, fatigue,
sensitivity to cold, or slow growth.
HEI (Healthy Eating Index) is a measure of diet quality used to assess
how well a set of foods aligns with key
recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines
for Americans.....An ideal overall HEI score
of
100 reflects that the set of foods aligns
with key dietary recommendations from
the
Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
DGA (Dietary Guidelines for Americans) provides evidence-based nutrition
information and advice for people ages
two and older to help Americans make
healthy choices about food and beverages
in their daily lives. Guidelines are published
every 5
years by the USDA
NHANES (National Health and is a program of studies designed to assess the
Nutrition Examination Survey) health and nutritional status of adults and
children in the United States. The survey is
unique in that it combines interviews and
physical examinations.
FDA (Food Drug Administration) The USDA oversees over meat, poultry, and
USDA (US Department of egg products. However, the majority of the
Agriculture) food supply (80% or more) is regulated by
FDA. FDA is responsible for dairy, seafood,
produce, packaged foods, bottled water,
and
whole eggs
RDA = Recommended Daily Allowances
DRI = Dietary Reference Intakes (family name)
DRI truths: Food labeling must include info about them and it differs on age and gender.
3
