STRAIGHTERLINE INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY SOC 101 GRADED MIDTERM EXAM - MARCH 2022

• SOC101_MH_V5 • Topic 7: Social Stratification Started on Monday, March 7, 2022, 9:54 AM State Finished Completed on Monday, March 7, 2022, 10:46 AM Time taken 51 mins 34 secs Grade 176.00 out of 200.00 (88%) Question 1 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Sara takes her four-year-old brother Matt to a carnival for the first time. They decide to ride the merry-go-round. Matt runs to the front of the line. His sister pulls him back and explains they have to stand in line. This is an example of Select one: a. nature versus nurture. b. socialization. c. personality. d. degradation. Question 2 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text An inner-city youth spends many hours in the neighborhood playground shooting baskets on the basketball court and engaging in every game that he can play. His skills become outstanding, and he receives a college scholarship and then signs a lucrative contract to play in the National Basketball Association. This is an example of Select one: a. vertical mobility. b. ascribed status. c. horizontal mobility. d. structural mobility. Question 3 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text One shortcoming of Karl Marx's work is that he failed to anticipate the Select one: a. end of feudalism. b. extent to which political liberties and relative prosperity could contribute to a false consciousness. c. effects of alienated labor on the working class. d. conflict between various capitalist nations. Question 4 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text In Karl Marx's view, a worker who identifies with the wealthy and believes that she can achieve great wealth through hard work is likely to have developed a Select one: a. bourgeoisie consciousness. b. class consciousness. c. false consciousness. d. caste consciousness. Question 5 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following social classes is declining in size? Select one: a. upper class b. middle class c. lower-middle class d. working class Question 6 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which sociological perspective suggests that the higher rates of poverty among single mothers are due to the difficulty women have finding affordable child care, to sexual harassment, and to sex discrimination in the labor market? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective Question 7 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following refers to the movement of individuals or groups from one position of society's stratification system to another? Select one: a. social mobility b. life chances c. relative poverty d. social distribution Question 8 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is the third stage of Jean Piaget's cognitive theory of development? Select one: a. the preoperational stage b. the concrete operational stage c. the formal operational stage d. the sensorimotor stage Question 9 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Organized religion and government have impacted the life course by reinstituting some of the ______ once observed in agricultural communities and early industrial societies. Select one: a. beliefs b. folkways c. informal norms d. rites of passage Question 10 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Charles Horton Cooley is responsible for developing the concept of Select one: a. impression management. b. reverse socialization. c. the looking-glass self. d. the preparatory stage. Question 11 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Rites of passage are Select one: a. gestures, objects, and language that form the basis of human communication. b. stressful periods of self-evaluation, often occurring between 35 and 50 years of age. c. rituals marking the symbolic transition from one social position to another. d. expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females. Question 12 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following is the best example of a significant other? Select one: a. a casual acquaintance b. a clerk in a department store c. a parent d. someone you met at a party last night Question 13 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A master status is a Select one: a. category used by sociologists for any of the full range of socially defined positions within a large group or society. b. social position attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts. c. status that dominates others and thereby determines a person's general position within society. d. series of social relationships linking a person directly to others and therefore indirectly to still more people. Question 14 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A preindustrial society in which people rely on whatever foods and fibers are readily available in order to live is called a(n) Select one: a. agrarian society. b. hunting-and-gathering society. c. horticultural society. d. slash-and-burn farming society. Question 15 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Jan, Randy, and Terry are science majors, and when they graduate from college, they find jobs as a nurse, a midwife, and a hospital administrator, respectively. These new positions are examples of Select one: a. statuses. b. social roles. c. groups. d. social networks. Question 16 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A bureaucracy is a(n) Select one: a. two-member group. b. small group in which there is little intimacy or mutual understanding and in which relationships are impersonal. c. organization established on the basis of common interest whose members volunteer or even pay to participate. d. component of a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency. Question 17 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Penelope is a 20-year-old Hispanic female. She is currently enrolled at her local community college. The achieved status in this scenario is Select one: a. Penelope's education. b. Penelope's gender. c. Penelope's age. d. Penelope's race/ethnicity. Question 18 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which term is used to refer to a formal, impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding? Select one: a. primary group b. secondary group c. tertiary group d. reference group Question 19 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text The untested hypothesis that every employee within a hierarchy tends to rise to his or her level of incompetence is referred to as Select one: a. goal displacement. b. the Peter principle. c. trained incapacity. d. bureaucracy. Question 20 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A sociologist studies drug-use patterns among small groups of college students in a Midwestern college. This would be an example of Select one: a. conflict theory. b. functionalism. c. macrosociology. d. microsociology. Question 21 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following would be an example of cultural capital? Select one: a. the reciprocal trust inherent in social networks b. knowledge of great American authors c. a close network of extended relatives d. knowledge of Laotian cuisine Question 22 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text W. E. B. DuBois saw the importance of religion to society, and he focused on religion at the Select one: a. personal level. b. community level. c. state level. d. national level. Question 23 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, the U.S., and France, is an example of Select one: a. alienation. b. anomie. c. microsociology. d. macrosociology. Question 24 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text The use of the discipline of sociology with the specific intent of altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions is known as Select one: a. basic sociology. b. clinical sociology. c. applied sociology. d. macrosociology. Question 25 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist Select one: a. Émile Durkheim. b. Auguste Comte. c. Harriet Martineau. d. Marcel Marceau. Question 26 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following existing data sources is used most frequently for sociological research? Select one: a. census data b. scientific records c. personal journals d. newspapers Question 27 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Remove flag Question text Objectivity in the interpretation of data is referred to as Select one: a. external validity. b. reliability. c. value neutrality. d. internal validity. Question 28 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text The use of the discipline of sociology to yield practical applications for human behavior and organizations is known as Select one: a. applied sociology. b. ethnography. c. clinical sociology. d. qualitative research. Question 29 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A research design is a(n) Select one: a. explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept. b. speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables. c. indicator of attitudes, behaviors, or characteristics of people or organizations. d. detailed plan or method for scientifically obtaining data. Question 30 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text In which type of sample does each member of the entire population being studied have the same chance of being selected? Select one: a. random sample b. quota sample c. index sample d. roper sample Question 31 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A variable is Select one: a. a measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions. b. the extent to which a measure provides consistent results. c. the unintended influence that observers or experiments can have on their subjects. d. a speculative statement about the relationship between two traits. Question 32 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A society Select one: a. is a dependent group that owes allegiance to a larger group. b. is the largest form of human group. c. contains several different cultures. d. contains one subculture and many cultures. Question 33 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Informal norms are ______. Select one: a. norms governing everyday social behavior, the violation of which raises comparatively little concern b. deemed highly necessary to the welfare of a society c. made by a government for a society, interpreted by the courts, and backed by the power of the state d. None of these answers is correct. Question 34 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text The tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superior to all others is called Select one: a. culture shock. b. cultural relativism. c. ethnocentrism. d. value stability. Question 35 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text ______ consists of all objects and ideas within a society. Select one: a. Argot b. Culture c. Folkways d. Inventions Question 36 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A member of a rural Indian tribe in Central America who moves to a large city, such as Mexico City, will probably experience Select one: a. cultural relativity. b. cultural diffusion. c. culture shock. d. cultural integration. Question 37 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Remove flag Question text Which of the following is a criticism of globalization? Select one: a. It creates a notion of cultural domination of the developing nations by the more affluent nations. b. It helps nations take their place in the world of commerce and brings in income. c. It helps people stay connected via the communications revolution. d. It gives nations access to knowledge that can improve living standards and save lives. Question 38 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Remove flag Question text Anthropologist Horace Miner's description of the body ritual among the Nacirema is used to show Select one: a. cultural differences in what is considered "beautiful." b. the effects of media on a person's body image. c. the ability to learn something new about society. d. how cultural sociology has evolved over the years. Question 39 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text What is the term used for the set of cultural beliefs and practices that helps to maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests? Select one: a. gatekeeping b. surveillance function c. narcotizing dysfunction d. dominant ideology Question 40 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Magazines would be considered Select one: a. transmitters. b. opinion leaders. c. mass media. d. narcotizers. Question 41 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Even if the audience for a certain form of mass media is spread out over a wide geographic area and the members do not know one another, they will be somewhat distinctive in terms of Select one: a. general interest. b. age, gender, income, political party, formal schooling, and race and ethnicity. c. the size of the grouping. d. None of these answers is correct. Question 42 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Who predicted nearly 60 years ago that the rise of electronic media would create a "global village," thereby reducing the barriers created by physical distance? Select one: a. Erving Goffman b. Vivian Gornick c. Darnell Hunt d. Marshall McLuhan Question 43 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A major network news agency that discourages reporting of issues concerning homosexuality is most likely practicing Select one: a. a dominant ideology. b. a narcotizing dysfunction. c. a surveillance function. d. gatekeeping. Question 44 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which sociological perspective would most likely be concerned with manipulation of "photo ops" to create an image of self-serving reality? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. feminist perspective Question 45 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following connections to criminality is commonly rejected by sociologists? Select one: a. environmental influences b. genetic roots c. social structure d. Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Question 46 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text According to a study by Stanley Milgram, individuals will Select one: a. conform to the attitudes and behaviors of their peers even if such attitudes and behaviors are racist. b. obey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, even if the behavior may harm another individual. c. disobey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, in most instances, if the behavior may harm another individual. d. not conform to the attitudes and behavior of their peers if racism is expected. Question 47 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text A corporate vice president is convicted of attempting to bribe a presidential aide. This type of crime is called Select one: a. professional crime. b. white-collar crime. c. organized crime. d. an index crime. Question 48 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Obedience refers to Select one: a. going along with one's peers, who have no special right to direct one's behavior. b. compliance with higher authorities in a hierarchical structure. c. penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm. d. going along with one's peers, who have no special right to direct one's behavior, as well as compliance with higher authorities in a hierarchical structure. Question 49 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text In his anomie theory of deviance, Robert Merton Select one: a. described five types of deviance. b. created a typology to explain the basic types of adaptations people make to culture. c. noted that people will always follow one of the five modes of adaptation and maintain that mode for an extended period of time. d. suggested that conformists tend to ignore societal goals. Question 50 Correct 4.00 points out of 4.00 Flag question Question text Which of the following terms refers to going along with one's peers, with peers defined as individuals of a person's own status who have no special right to direct that person's behavior? Select one: a. labeling b. conformity c. deviance d. obedience