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AS-BIOLOGY-
REVISION-NOTES-
UNIT-1
, EDEXCEL: AS BIOLOGY
REVISION NOTES: UNIT 1
Metabolism
Metabolism is a term to describe all reaction which is taking place within a cell and is
separated into two types which are
• anabolic = compounds being built up
• catabolic = compounds being broken down
Water
The water molecule is a molecule which is made up from 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen
atoms. It is bounded by 2 covalent bonds and has is polar.
The reason why water molecules are important for living organisms are because :
1. They are important solvents since they are polar
2. Important coolants for excessive metabolic reactions
3. Important for insulation since they have high specific heat capacities
4. It is a very good mechanism for transport since they are highly cohesive
5. Important reagents for chemical reactions ( such as hydrolysis and photosynthesis
Carbohydrates
Separated into 3 types which are monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
• they are three main types of monosaccharides which you have to know in this
level which are
Pentoses - Such as ribose (with formula C5H10O5) and fructose
Hexose - Such as alpha and beta glucoses
• All members of monosaccharides are reducing since they have the aldehyde
groups, therefore they will cause a brick red persipitate to form when tested with
benedict`s solution.
1 Designed & organized by: Mo Bahu
Source: http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk
AS-BIOLOGY-
REVISION-NOTES-
UNIT-1
, EDEXCEL: AS BIOLOGY
REVISION NOTES: UNIT 1
Metabolism
Metabolism is a term to describe all reaction which is taking place within a cell and is
separated into two types which are
• anabolic = compounds being built up
• catabolic = compounds being broken down
Water
The water molecule is a molecule which is made up from 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen
atoms. It is bounded by 2 covalent bonds and has is polar.
The reason why water molecules are important for living organisms are because :
1. They are important solvents since they are polar
2. Important coolants for excessive metabolic reactions
3. Important for insulation since they have high specific heat capacities
4. It is a very good mechanism for transport since they are highly cohesive
5. Important reagents for chemical reactions ( such as hydrolysis and photosynthesis
Carbohydrates
Separated into 3 types which are monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
• they are three main types of monosaccharides which you have to know in this
level which are
Pentoses - Such as ribose (with formula C5H10O5) and fructose
Hexose - Such as alpha and beta glucoses
• All members of monosaccharides are reducing since they have the aldehyde
groups, therefore they will cause a brick red persipitate to form when tested with
benedict`s solution.
1 Designed & organized by: Mo Bahu
Source: http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk
