Sophia - Human Biology - Unit 6 Challenge

1 — Heredity Identify the components of heredity What is it called when a gene varies slightly from other genes of the same type? • a.) Genotype • b.) Phenotype • c.) Heterozygous • d.) Allele 2 — Punnett Squares Determine explanations or possibilities in given hereditary examples Brown eyes are a dominant trait. Mike and Trisha both have brown eyes, but their first child has blue eyes. What is the most likely explanation? • a.) One of the two has a blue eye allele that is dominant in the child. • b.) It's not possible--Mike can't be the real father. • c.) Both parents have a recessive blue eye allele that got passed on to their child. • d.) Another gene caused the alleles for brown eyes to deactivate. 3 — Codominance Understand how codominance works With blood type, the __________ alleles are considered __________ and can be expressed together. • a.) B & O, codominate • b.) A & B, codominant • c.) A & B, recessive • d.) A & O, recessive 4 — Polygenic Traits and Pleiotropy Understand how genes interact with one another and their environment What is it called when two separate genes contribute to one phenotype? • a.) Multifactorial trait • b.) Polygenic trait • c.) Penetrance • d.) Pleiotropy 5 — Pedigrees Identify how family history can impact the outcome of genes What does it mean for an individual to be a "carrier" for a trait? • a.) The trait is not physically manifested, but the individual possesses a recessive allele for the trait that he/she could pass on to offspring. • b.) The individual physically manifests the trait, but since it is recessive, he/she has a low likelihood of passing it on to offspring. • c.) The individual is homozygous dominant for the trait and has a 100% chance of passing the trait on to offspring. • d.) The individual carries both recessive alleles for the trait and has a high likelihood of passing the trait to offspring. 6 — Chromosome Structure Changes Identify types of chromosome structure changes A gene sequence that goes ABCIEFG is likely what kind of mutation? • a.) Duplication • b.) Deletion • c.) Translocation • d.) None of these 7 — Chromosome Count Changes Understand the impact chromosome count has on development Which of these statements about Turner syndrome is correct? • a.) It is associated with heart disorders. • b.) It is evident only in males. • c.) It is the presence of an extra chromosome. • d.) It is evident only in females. 8 — Autosomal Recessive Traits and Disorders Understand recessive traits A father has cystic fibrosis and the mother is a carrier for the disorder. What are the odds that they will have a child with cystic fibrosis? • a.) 50% • b.) 100% • c.) 25% • d.) 0% 9 — Autosomal Dominant Traits and Disorders Understand autosomal dominant disorders Which of these is an autosomal dominant disorder? • a.) Down syndrome • b.) Huntington's disease • c.) Duchenne muscular dystrophy • d.) Cystic fibrosis 10 — X-Linked Traits Identify the inheritance patterns of red-green colorblindness A mother has has hemophilia and the father does not. What do we know about their son? • a.) The son is at risk of developing hemophilia. • b.) There is a 100% chance the son has hemophilia. • c.) The son is a carrier for hemophilia. • d.) The son cannot have hemophilia.