Chapter 1
Introduction to the Structural Units
ANSWERS TO TEXTBOOK EXERCISES
Review Questions
Select the letter of the choice that best completes the statement.
1. The study of the size and shape of the heart is called
b. anatomy.
2. Physiology is the study of
c. the function of the lungs.
3. The anatomical position is described as
a. body erect, arms at the side, palms forward.
4. A plane that divides the body into right and left parts is a
c. sagittal plane.
5. If a person is complaining of pain that may indicate appendicitis, the pain would be located
in the
a. left lower quadrant.
6. The heart is described as superior to the diaphragm because it is
c. above the diaphragm.
7. The brain and the spinal cord are located in the
d. dorsal cavity.
8. The epigastric region of the abdominal area is located
c. just below the sternum.
9. Shivering to keep the body warm is an example of
d. homeostasis.
10. The formation and release of hormones from a cell or structure is called
d. secretion.
Fill in the Blanks
1. The standard used for measurement in science is the metric system.
2. Danny, age 6, fell off his skateboard and had a 1.5-inch abrasion on his left arm. This is the
same as 3.75 centimeters.
3. Two teaspoonfuls of cough medicine equal 10 milliliters of cough medicine.
1
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Structural Units
4. The doctor orders 2 grams of penicillin to be divided into 4 doses over 24 hours. This
means the average single dose will be 500 milligrams.
5. A kilogram is equal to 2.2 pounds.
Matching
Match each term in Column I with its correct description in Column II.
Column I Column II
c 1. catabolism a. balanced cellular environment
e 2. pelvic cavity b. constructive chemical processes that use food to build the
complex materials of the body
g 3. pericardial cavity c. useful breakdown of food materials resulting in the release of
energy
b 4. anabolism d. contained within the oral cavity
f 5. abdominal cavity e. cavity in which the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and
lower part of the large intestine are located
j 6. diaphragm f. cavity in which the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen,
small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine are
located
a 7. homeostasis g. cavity containing the heart
h 8. tissue h. a group of cells that together perform a particular job
k 9. kidneys i. portion of the dorsal cavity containing the brain
d 10. teeth and tongue j. divides the ventral cavity into two regions
i 11. cranial cavity k. structure located behind the abdominal cavity
l 12. organ system l. organs grouped together because they have a related function
m 13. life function m. an activity that a living thing performs to help it live and grow
APPLYING THEORY TO PRACTICE
1. In each of the examples below, choose the term that correctly describes the human body
according to anatomical position.
a. In the anatomical position, the palms are forward or backward.
b. The liver is superior or inferior to the diaphragm.
c. The hand is proximal or distal to the elbow.
d. The shoulder blade is on the anterior or posterior part of the body.
e. Cranial refers to the head or tail end of the body.
f. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back or right and left sections.
g. The arms are located on the medial or lateral side of the body.
h. The transverse plane divides the body into superior and inferior or anterior and
posterior parts.
2. Describe the following to a physician using the correct anatomical term.
a. An appendectomy scar is located in the right iliac or inguinal area of the abdominal
pelvic region or right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Introduction to the Structural Units
ANSWERS TO TEXTBOOK EXERCISES
Review Questions
Select the letter of the choice that best completes the statement.
1. The study of the size and shape of the heart is called
b. anatomy.
2. Physiology is the study of
c. the function of the lungs.
3. The anatomical position is described as
a. body erect, arms at the side, palms forward.
4. A plane that divides the body into right and left parts is a
c. sagittal plane.
5. If a person is complaining of pain that may indicate appendicitis, the pain would be located
in the
a. left lower quadrant.
6. The heart is described as superior to the diaphragm because it is
c. above the diaphragm.
7. The brain and the spinal cord are located in the
d. dorsal cavity.
8. The epigastric region of the abdominal area is located
c. just below the sternum.
9. Shivering to keep the body warm is an example of
d. homeostasis.
10. The formation and release of hormones from a cell or structure is called
d. secretion.
Fill in the Blanks
1. The standard used for measurement in science is the metric system.
2. Danny, age 6, fell off his skateboard and had a 1.5-inch abrasion on his left arm. This is the
same as 3.75 centimeters.
3. Two teaspoonfuls of cough medicine equal 10 milliliters of cough medicine.
1
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
, 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to the Structural Units
4. The doctor orders 2 grams of penicillin to be divided into 4 doses over 24 hours. This
means the average single dose will be 500 milligrams.
5. A kilogram is equal to 2.2 pounds.
Matching
Match each term in Column I with its correct description in Column II.
Column I Column II
c 1. catabolism a. balanced cellular environment
e 2. pelvic cavity b. constructive chemical processes that use food to build the
complex materials of the body
g 3. pericardial cavity c. useful breakdown of food materials resulting in the release of
energy
b 4. anabolism d. contained within the oral cavity
f 5. abdominal cavity e. cavity in which the reproductive organs, urinary bladder, and
lower part of the large intestine are located
j 6. diaphragm f. cavity in which the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen,
small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine are
located
a 7. homeostasis g. cavity containing the heart
h 8. tissue h. a group of cells that together perform a particular job
k 9. kidneys i. portion of the dorsal cavity containing the brain
d 10. teeth and tongue j. divides the ventral cavity into two regions
i 11. cranial cavity k. structure located behind the abdominal cavity
l 12. organ system l. organs grouped together because they have a related function
m 13. life function m. an activity that a living thing performs to help it live and grow
APPLYING THEORY TO PRACTICE
1. In each of the examples below, choose the term that correctly describes the human body
according to anatomical position.
a. In the anatomical position, the palms are forward or backward.
b. The liver is superior or inferior to the diaphragm.
c. The hand is proximal or distal to the elbow.
d. The shoulder blade is on the anterior or posterior part of the body.
e. Cranial refers to the head or tail end of the body.
f. The coronal plane divides the body into front and back or right and left sections.
g. The arms are located on the medial or lateral side of the body.
h. The transverse plane divides the body into superior and inferior or anterior and
posterior parts.
2. Describe the following to a physician using the correct anatomical term.
a. An appendectomy scar is located in the right iliac or inguinal area of the abdominal
pelvic region or right lower quadrant of the abdomen.
© 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
