ATI PHARM PROCTORED EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VERIFIED SOLUTION GRADE A+ 2022
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:ANSWERS: providing antibodies
obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?ANSWERS:
Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:ANSWERS: can cause "red man
syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:ANSWERS: narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:ANSWERS: thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:ANSWERS: higher dose needed
to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:ANSWERS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic mannitol is
started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol?ANSWERS: Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers:ANSWERS:
are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription for meclizine
(Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?ANSWERS: One hour before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to penicillin.
Why is this important to assess?ANSWERS: A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross
sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?ANSWERS: Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be readily
available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction?ANSWERS: Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:ANSWERS: decrease tubular
reabsorption of sodium and water.
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined plasma
albumin levels in older adults?ANSWERS: "There is an increased risk for adverse effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a beclomethasone
inhaler to take which action?ANSWERS: Rinse the mouth after each use.
,A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She calls the clinic
and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse
give?ANSWERS: "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:ANSWERS: facilitate mucus
expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of anti-hypertensive
drugs?ANSWERS: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition?ANSWERS:
Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has anxiety and
muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of this client?ANSWERS:
Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with chronic
bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use of this
medication?ANSWERS: Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is especially
important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect?ANSWERS: Cardiac
dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant fluoxetine
(Prozac)?ANSWERS: Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation of the drug's
effectiveness?ANSWERS: Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is 62 bpm and
regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?ANSWERS: Give the drug and document the heart
rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's heart rate has
decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change?ANSWERS: Slowed impulse
conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:ANSWERS: dilate
peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent reacts with
hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer?ANSWERS: Sucralfate
(Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal) for inhalation.
Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse?ANSWERS: "Using this drug regularly
will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
, The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of:ANSWERS:
diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to:ANSWERS: take
the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function?ANSWERS:
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse question use
of this medication?ANSWERS: Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid retention. She
tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much water. What is the most
appropriate nursing response?ANSWERS: "Using a salt substitute with this medication could cause
you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order should the
nurse question?ANSWERS: Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve pain in a 30-year-
old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH)
insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should have:ANSWERS: a
mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone?ANSWERS: It decreases the amount of
levodopa needed.
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)?ANSWERS: Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha- blocker, such as
doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension?ANSWERS: Teach the client how to manage orthostatic
hypotension.
A client reports taking large amounts of vitamins because she believes they increase her energy level
and will prevent various diseases. Client teaching should include which nursing
response?ANSWERS: "Large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic."
An elderly client is prescribed a new drug. Because of the age-related changes in the kidneys and
liver, it is most important that the nurse assess for:ANSWERS: signs of drug toxicity.
Evidence of effective treatment with a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), such as
zidovudine is:ANSWERS: decreased HIV RNA level.
When oral iron supplements are prescribed, client teaching should include the fact that:ANSWERS:
diarrhea or constipation may occur.
If corticosteroids are discontinued abruptly, a problem that may develop is:ANSWERS: adrenal gland
shut-down.
VERIFIED SOLUTION GRADE A+ 2022
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:ANSWERS: providing antibodies
obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?ANSWERS:
Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:ANSWERS: can cause "red man
syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:ANSWERS: narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:ANSWERS: thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:ANSWERS: higher dose needed
to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:ANSWERS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic mannitol is
started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol?ANSWERS: Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers:ANSWERS:
are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription for meclizine
(Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?ANSWERS: One hour before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to penicillin.
Why is this important to assess?ANSWERS: A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross
sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?ANSWERS: Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be readily
available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction?ANSWERS: Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:ANSWERS: decrease tubular
reabsorption of sodium and water.
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined plasma
albumin levels in older adults?ANSWERS: "There is an increased risk for adverse effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a beclomethasone
inhaler to take which action?ANSWERS: Rinse the mouth after each use.
,A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She calls the clinic
and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse
give?ANSWERS: "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:ANSWERS: facilitate mucus
expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of anti-hypertensive
drugs?ANSWERS: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition?ANSWERS:
Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has anxiety and
muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of this client?ANSWERS:
Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with chronic
bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use of this
medication?ANSWERS: Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is especially
important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect?ANSWERS: Cardiac
dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant fluoxetine
(Prozac)?ANSWERS: Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation of the drug's
effectiveness?ANSWERS: Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is 62 bpm and
regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?ANSWERS: Give the drug and document the heart
rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's heart rate has
decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change?ANSWERS: Slowed impulse
conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:ANSWERS: dilate
peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent reacts with
hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer?ANSWERS: Sucralfate
(Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal) for inhalation.
Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse?ANSWERS: "Using this drug regularly
will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
, The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of:ANSWERS:
diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to:ANSWERS: take
the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function?ANSWERS:
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse question use
of this medication?ANSWERS: Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid retention. She
tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much water. What is the most
appropriate nursing response?ANSWERS: "Using a salt substitute with this medication could cause
you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order should the
nurse question?ANSWERS: Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve pain in a 30-year-
old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH)
insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should have:ANSWERS: a
mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone?ANSWERS: It decreases the amount of
levodopa needed.
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)?ANSWERS: Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha- blocker, such as
doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension?ANSWERS: Teach the client how to manage orthostatic
hypotension.
A client reports taking large amounts of vitamins because she believes they increase her energy level
and will prevent various diseases. Client teaching should include which nursing
response?ANSWERS: "Large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic."
An elderly client is prescribed a new drug. Because of the age-related changes in the kidneys and
liver, it is most important that the nurse assess for:ANSWERS: signs of drug toxicity.
Evidence of effective treatment with a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), such as
zidovudine is:ANSWERS: decreased HIV RNA level.
When oral iron supplements are prescribed, client teaching should include the fact that:ANSWERS:
diarrhea or constipation may occur.
If corticosteroids are discontinued abruptly, a problem that may develop is:ANSWERS: adrenal gland
shut-down.
