AGNP Board Exam – Dermatology Prescription
Exam
1. Question:
Systemic ivermectin (Stromectol), classified as an antiparasitic,:
is primarily excreted in the urine.
crosses the blood-brain barrier.
has a high concentration in the liver. Correct
is not well absorbed.
Explanation:
Systemic ivermectin (Stromectol) is well absorbed and is primarily excreted
in the feces. It is distributed and highly concentrated in the liver and adipose
tissue. It is primarily bound to albumin, with a half-life elimination of 18
hours. Time to peak serum is about 4 hours.
2. Question:
Topical permethrin (Elimite) in the treatment of scabies should be left in
place for a minimum of:
30 minutes.
2 hours.
6 hours.
8 hours. Correct
Explanation:
Patients should massage permethrin cream (Elimite) thoroughly into the skin
from the neck to the soles of the feet, including areas under the fingernails
and toenails. Thirty grams is usually sufficient for an average adult. The
hairline, neck, temples, and forehead may be infested in infants and geriatric
patients. In these populations, permethrin should also be applied to the scalp
and face, sparing the eyes and mouth. The cream should be removed by
washing (shower or bath) after 8 to 14 hours.
3. Question:
,The mechanism of action of clindamycin (Cleocin), used in the treatment of
cellulitis, is to:
block synthesis of folic acid by bacteria and inhibit replication.
uncouple mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and inhibit cell growth.
block the dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes.
inhibit protein synthesis by preventing ribosomal translocation. Correct
Explanation:
Sulfa agents block synthesis of folic acid by bacteria and thus inhibit
bacterial replication. First-generation cephalosporins inhibit cell wall
synthesis of bacteria. Antifungals uncouple mitochondrial oxidative
metabolism and inhibit cell growth. Macrolides inhibit bacterial growth,
possibly by blocking dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes, causing
RNA-dependent protein synthesis to arrest. Other antibacterials are
bacteriostatic or bactericidal and inhibit protein synthesis by preventing
ribosomal translocation.
4. Question:
Tretinoin topical (Retin-A) is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris and:
acne rosacea.
dermatomyositis.
inflammatory keratosis pilaris.
mottled hyperpigmentation. Correct
Explanation:
Tretinoin topical (Retin-A) is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris,
palliation of fine wrinkles, mottled hyperpigmentation and facial skin
roughness.
5. Question:
The brand name of oral isotretinoin is:
Duac.
Absorica. Correct
Accolate.
Accupril.
,Explanation:
The brand names of oral isotretinoin include Absorica, Amnesteem, Claravis,
and Zenatane. The generic name for Duac is clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide,
used in the treatment of acne. The generic name for Accolate is zafirlukast. It
is a leukotriene inhibitor used in the treatment of asthma. The generic name
for Accupril is quinapril; it is an ACE inhibitor.
6. Question:
Benzoyl peroxide (Benzac wash) is classified as a topical:
antibiotic.
astringent.
antimicrobial. Correct
acetic acid-based cleanser.
Explanation:
Benzoyl peroxide is a topical antimicrobial used in the treatment of acne.
When applied to the skin, benzoyl peroxide works by reducing the amount of
acne-causing bacteria and by causing the skin to dry and peel.
7. Question:
The generic name for Elidel is:
permethrin.
pimecrolimus. Correct
tacrolimus.
urea topical.
Explanation:
The generic name for Elidel is pimecrolimus. Elidel is a dermatologic agent
used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The brand name of permethrin is
Nix or Elimite. It is an antiparasitic used in the treatment of lice. The brand
name for tacrolimus is Prograf. It is an immunosuppressive drug used after
transplant. The brand name of urea topical is Keralac and it is used in the
treatment of hyperkeratosis.
, 8. Question:
Which of the following conditions is NOT a side effect of long-term use of
topical steroids?
Cutaneous atrophy
Glaucoma
Hypotrichosis Correct
Telangiectasia
Explanation:
Cutaneous and systemic side effects can occur, particularly with super
potent and potent drugs, or extensive use of lower potency agents with or
without occlusion. Treatment with topical corticosteroids should be restricted
to the lowest and shortest duration of therapy required to achieve the
desired effect. Cutaneous atrophy, telangiectasia, hypertrichosis, striae,
purpura, hypopigmentation, glaucoma, and suppression of the hypothalamic-
pituitary axis are side effects that may occur with topical corticosteroid use.
9. Question:
Patients using fluorouracil (Carac) for the treatment of actinic keratosis
should be advised to expect:
hypopigmentation.
eczema.
pustular formation.
vesiculation. Correct
Explanation:
When fluorouracil (Carac) is applied to a lesion, erythema followed by
vesiculation, desquamation, erosion and re-epithelialization occurs. Local
reactions and alterations in skin appearance may persist for several weeks
after discontinuation.
10. Question:
Tetracycline (Sumycin) is used in the treatment of skin and skin structure
infections caused by:
Bartonella bacilliformis.
Exam
1. Question:
Systemic ivermectin (Stromectol), classified as an antiparasitic,:
is primarily excreted in the urine.
crosses the blood-brain barrier.
has a high concentration in the liver. Correct
is not well absorbed.
Explanation:
Systemic ivermectin (Stromectol) is well absorbed and is primarily excreted
in the feces. It is distributed and highly concentrated in the liver and adipose
tissue. It is primarily bound to albumin, with a half-life elimination of 18
hours. Time to peak serum is about 4 hours.
2. Question:
Topical permethrin (Elimite) in the treatment of scabies should be left in
place for a minimum of:
30 minutes.
2 hours.
6 hours.
8 hours. Correct
Explanation:
Patients should massage permethrin cream (Elimite) thoroughly into the skin
from the neck to the soles of the feet, including areas under the fingernails
and toenails. Thirty grams is usually sufficient for an average adult. The
hairline, neck, temples, and forehead may be infested in infants and geriatric
patients. In these populations, permethrin should also be applied to the scalp
and face, sparing the eyes and mouth. The cream should be removed by
washing (shower or bath) after 8 to 14 hours.
3. Question:
,The mechanism of action of clindamycin (Cleocin), used in the treatment of
cellulitis, is to:
block synthesis of folic acid by bacteria and inhibit replication.
uncouple mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and inhibit cell growth.
block the dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes.
inhibit protein synthesis by preventing ribosomal translocation. Correct
Explanation:
Sulfa agents block synthesis of folic acid by bacteria and thus inhibit
bacterial replication. First-generation cephalosporins inhibit cell wall
synthesis of bacteria. Antifungals uncouple mitochondrial oxidative
metabolism and inhibit cell growth. Macrolides inhibit bacterial growth,
possibly by blocking dissociation of peptidyl tRNA from ribosomes, causing
RNA-dependent protein synthesis to arrest. Other antibacterials are
bacteriostatic or bactericidal and inhibit protein synthesis by preventing
ribosomal translocation.
4. Question:
Tretinoin topical (Retin-A) is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris and:
acne rosacea.
dermatomyositis.
inflammatory keratosis pilaris.
mottled hyperpigmentation. Correct
Explanation:
Tretinoin topical (Retin-A) is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris,
palliation of fine wrinkles, mottled hyperpigmentation and facial skin
roughness.
5. Question:
The brand name of oral isotretinoin is:
Duac.
Absorica. Correct
Accolate.
Accupril.
,Explanation:
The brand names of oral isotretinoin include Absorica, Amnesteem, Claravis,
and Zenatane. The generic name for Duac is clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide,
used in the treatment of acne. The generic name for Accolate is zafirlukast. It
is a leukotriene inhibitor used in the treatment of asthma. The generic name
for Accupril is quinapril; it is an ACE inhibitor.
6. Question:
Benzoyl peroxide (Benzac wash) is classified as a topical:
antibiotic.
astringent.
antimicrobial. Correct
acetic acid-based cleanser.
Explanation:
Benzoyl peroxide is a topical antimicrobial used in the treatment of acne.
When applied to the skin, benzoyl peroxide works by reducing the amount of
acne-causing bacteria and by causing the skin to dry and peel.
7. Question:
The generic name for Elidel is:
permethrin.
pimecrolimus. Correct
tacrolimus.
urea topical.
Explanation:
The generic name for Elidel is pimecrolimus. Elidel is a dermatologic agent
used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The brand name of permethrin is
Nix or Elimite. It is an antiparasitic used in the treatment of lice. The brand
name for tacrolimus is Prograf. It is an immunosuppressive drug used after
transplant. The brand name of urea topical is Keralac and it is used in the
treatment of hyperkeratosis.
, 8. Question:
Which of the following conditions is NOT a side effect of long-term use of
topical steroids?
Cutaneous atrophy
Glaucoma
Hypotrichosis Correct
Telangiectasia
Explanation:
Cutaneous and systemic side effects can occur, particularly with super
potent and potent drugs, or extensive use of lower potency agents with or
without occlusion. Treatment with topical corticosteroids should be restricted
to the lowest and shortest duration of therapy required to achieve the
desired effect. Cutaneous atrophy, telangiectasia, hypertrichosis, striae,
purpura, hypopigmentation, glaucoma, and suppression of the hypothalamic-
pituitary axis are side effects that may occur with topical corticosteroid use.
9. Question:
Patients using fluorouracil (Carac) for the treatment of actinic keratosis
should be advised to expect:
hypopigmentation.
eczema.
pustular formation.
vesiculation. Correct
Explanation:
When fluorouracil (Carac) is applied to a lesion, erythema followed by
vesiculation, desquamation, erosion and re-epithelialization occurs. Local
reactions and alterations in skin appearance may persist for several weeks
after discontinuation.
10. Question:
Tetracycline (Sumycin) is used in the treatment of skin and skin structure
infections caused by:
Bartonella bacilliformis.
