AGNP Board Exam – Endocrinology Assessment
Exam
1. Question:
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an
infant is:
History of poor intestinal absorption
Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
Meconium ileus
Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person
and over time. Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times,
symptoms may become more severe. One of the first signs of CF that
parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes salty when kissed, or the
baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs and
symptoms of CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the
respiratory, digestive, or reproductive systems of the body.
2. Question:
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical
manifestation would be evident?
Prematurity
Hyperthermia
Hyperactivity
Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after
term. Most practitioners now depend on the screening test in newborns to
diagnose this condition since the symptoms or signs take time to develop.
The symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism may include some of the
following: puffy face, coarse facial features, enlarged anterior fontanel, thick
,protruding tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced stooling, prolonged
jaundice, decreased activity with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and pale
skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve abnormality), poor weight gain
due to poor appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
3. Question:
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is
termed:
amenorrhea.
gynecomastia.
adrenarche.
precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is
considered precocious puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation.
Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is
the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8 years old.
4. Question:
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx
and above the clavicles is the:
parathyroid gland.
thyroid gland. Correct
hypothalamus gland.
thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the
neck below the larynx and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are
small endocrine glands located in the neck behind the thyroid gland. The
thymus gland is rectangular and located in the mediastinum of the thoracic
cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the sternum. The
hypothalamus is located in the brain.
5. Question:
, When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is
suggestive of:
a carotid aneurysm.
a normal finding.
hyperthyroidism. Correct
a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an
enlarged thyroid may be heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal
finding. A bruit is not usually associated with a thyroid malignancy.
6. Question:
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is
noted. These findings describe:
a cyst.
a nodule. Correct
a goiter.
hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid
cysts are fluid-filled. A goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck.
Hyperplasia is an abnormal increase in the volume of a tissue or organ
caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells
7. Question:
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth
hormones is known as:
gigantism.
prolactinoma.
acromegaly. Correct
congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Explanation:
Exam
1. Question:
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an
infant is:
History of poor intestinal absorption
Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
Meconium ileus
Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person
and over time. Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times,
symptoms may become more severe. One of the first signs of CF that
parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes salty when kissed, or the
baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs and
symptoms of CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the
respiratory, digestive, or reproductive systems of the body.
2. Question:
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical
manifestation would be evident?
Prematurity
Hyperthermia
Hyperactivity
Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after
term. Most practitioners now depend on the screening test in newborns to
diagnose this condition since the symptoms or signs take time to develop.
The symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism may include some of the
following: puffy face, coarse facial features, enlarged anterior fontanel, thick
,protruding tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced stooling, prolonged
jaundice, decreased activity with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and pale
skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve abnormality), poor weight gain
due to poor appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
3. Question:
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is
termed:
amenorrhea.
gynecomastia.
adrenarche.
precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is
considered precocious puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation.
Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is
the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8 years old.
4. Question:
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx
and above the clavicles is the:
parathyroid gland.
thyroid gland. Correct
hypothalamus gland.
thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the
neck below the larynx and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are
small endocrine glands located in the neck behind the thyroid gland. The
thymus gland is rectangular and located in the mediastinum of the thoracic
cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the sternum. The
hypothalamus is located in the brain.
5. Question:
, When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is
suggestive of:
a carotid aneurysm.
a normal finding.
hyperthyroidism. Correct
a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an
enlarged thyroid may be heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal
finding. A bruit is not usually associated with a thyroid malignancy.
6. Question:
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is
noted. These findings describe:
a cyst.
a nodule. Correct
a goiter.
hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid
cysts are fluid-filled. A goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck.
Hyperplasia is an abnormal increase in the volume of a tissue or organ
caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells
7. Question:
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth
hormones is known as:
gigantism.
prolactinoma.
acromegaly. Correct
congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Explanation:
