NUR 2421 - Exam 3 Pregnancy Study Guide.

1. Calculation of Due Date: 9 calendar months, Lunar months 28 days, 10 Lunar months equal 40 weeks, Every day counts, 3 trimesters: 1-13, 14-26, 27-term Naegle’s Rule: (1st day of LMP- 3 months)+ 7 days, Or (Month -3) + 7 days McDonald’s method- gestational age calculated in centimeterssymphysis pubis to fundal height- (distance in centimeters x 8) divided by 7= total weeks of gestation. Other indicators: FHT with doppler at 10–12 weeks, Fetal movement felt at about 20 weeks, Fundal height correlation with gestational age, Ultrasound 2. Presumptive: Amenorrhea, Nausea and vomiting, Fatigue, Urinary frequency, Breast enlargement and tenderness, Quickening 3. Probable: Goodell’s sign (softening of the cervix), Chadwick’s sign (bluish vaginal tissue), Hegar’s sign- lower uterine segment (alsoconsidered softening of the cervix), Ballottement, Positive pregnancy test 4. Positive Signs of Pregnancy: Fetal heart tones, Fetal movement, Ultrasound 5. Integumentary changes: Spider angiomas and palmar erythema, Hyperpigmentation: Linea nigra, Chloasma; Striae gravidarum, Vascular Spider Nevi, Sebaceous glands, Hair/ Nails 6. Danger Signs: Persistent vomiting, Vaginal bleeding, Edema of face/hands, Temperature 101°F, Chills and fever, Persistent abdominal pain, epigastric pain. Dysuria, Intermittent back pain, pelvic pressure. Visual changes, Changes in fetal movement. Risk factors: Teratogens, Toxicity, Exposure to pesticides/herbicides, Heavy metals, Occupational risks, Medications, Alcohol, Tobacco, Illicit drugs 7. Weight gain and dietary guidelines: Individualized by pre-pregnancy weight, Average weight gain is 27.5 lbs.: 27.5–39.6 lb for underweight women; 25.3–35.2 lb for normal weight women; 15.4–25 lb for overweight women. Recommended the amount of weight gained equals at least the combined weight of fetus, placenta and amniotic fluid. Energy and