www.igexams.com Your text here 1
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE
Wednesday 13 January 2021
Morning (Time: 1 hour 15 minutes) Paper Reference 4BI1/2B
Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Paper: 2B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• mind
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your
about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new
answer with a cross .
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 70.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
*P66429A0120*
P66429A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.
1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1
, www.igexams.com
Answer ALL questions.
1 Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own
knowledge to answer the questions that follow.
Plastic pollution
A mass of 12.7 million tonnes of plastic is dumped into our oceans every
year. This is equivalent to the mass of 1.8 million adult elephants. This plastic
pollution is a concern because of its harmful effect on living organisms.
Turtles eat plastic bags, mistaking them for jellyfish, and sea birds have been
5 found with stomachs full of plastic. Researchers have reported 800 kg of
plastic found in the carcass of a stranded whale in France. The stomach of
another whale in Australia contained six square metres of plastic sheeting
and 30 plastic carrier bags. Plastic items can block the tubes leading from the
mouth to the stomach and to the lungs in some animals. This can cause death
10 because it affects digestion and gas exchange.
Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world, yet feed on microscopic
plankton that photosynthesise. The plankton is also eaten by crustaceans,
which are then eaten by fish. These fish are eaten by humans. Many whales
are filter feeders. They swallow hundreds of cubic metres of water a day
15 to capture plankton and may take in microplastics during the process.
The microplastics are produced from the breakdown of larger pieces of
plastic. Microplastics are similar in size and mass to many types of plankton.
These microplastics are not biodegradable and build up in the bodies of
organisms that occupy higher trophic levels in food chains. This is called
20 bioaccumulation.
Plastic pollution may be responsible for putting filter feeding whale sharks
and other filter feeders at risk of extinction. The whale shark, for example, is
listed as being endangered.
Studies have found toxic chemicals associated with plastics in the bodies
25 of large filter feeders. Scientists think these chemicals might reduce the
population sizes of the large filter feeders. This is because the toxins might
affect many biological processes involving hormones that regulate the body’s
growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.
Whale sharks feeding in the Sea of Cortez near Mexico, an important
30 breeding ground, ingest 200 microplastic particles per day. Fin whales in the
Mediterranean Sea ingest 2000 microplastic particles per day. Any reduction
in the reproduction of these species will have consequences for biodiversity.
Attempts are being made to reduce the use of plastic. Coffee companies are
being encouraged to use wooden spoons and straws rather than plastic ones.
35 Also, shoppers are being given biodegradable plastic bags, or paper bags.
2
*P66429A0220*
, www.igexams.com
1 (a) (i) Which organism named in the passage is a producer?
(1)
A crustaceans
B microscopic plankton
C sea birds
D turtles
(ii) Which organism named in the passage is a tertiary consumer?
(1)
A crustaceans
B fin whale
C human
D whale shark
(b) Explain how blocked tubes leading from the mouth can lead to death in some
animals. (lines 8 to 10)
(5)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P66429A0320*
3
Turn over
Please check the examination details below before entering your candidate information
Candidate surname Other names
Centre Number Candidate Number
Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE
Wednesday 13 January 2021
Morning (Time: 1 hour 15 minutes) Paper Reference 4BI1/2B
Biology
Unit: 4BI1
Paper: 2B
You must have: Total Marks
Calculator
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• centrethe
Fill in boxes at the top of this page with your name,
number and candidate number.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
• mind
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your
about an answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new
answer with a cross .
Information
• The total mark for this paper is 70.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every question.
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
*P66429A0120*
P66429A
©2021 Pearson Education Ltd.
1/1/1/1/1/1/1/1
, www.igexams.com
Answer ALL questions.
1 Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own
knowledge to answer the questions that follow.
Plastic pollution
A mass of 12.7 million tonnes of plastic is dumped into our oceans every
year. This is equivalent to the mass of 1.8 million adult elephants. This plastic
pollution is a concern because of its harmful effect on living organisms.
Turtles eat plastic bags, mistaking them for jellyfish, and sea birds have been
5 found with stomachs full of plastic. Researchers have reported 800 kg of
plastic found in the carcass of a stranded whale in France. The stomach of
another whale in Australia contained six square metres of plastic sheeting
and 30 plastic carrier bags. Plastic items can block the tubes leading from the
mouth to the stomach and to the lungs in some animals. This can cause death
10 because it affects digestion and gas exchange.
Whale sharks are the largest fish in the world, yet feed on microscopic
plankton that photosynthesise. The plankton is also eaten by crustaceans,
which are then eaten by fish. These fish are eaten by humans. Many whales
are filter feeders. They swallow hundreds of cubic metres of water a day
15 to capture plankton and may take in microplastics during the process.
The microplastics are produced from the breakdown of larger pieces of
plastic. Microplastics are similar in size and mass to many types of plankton.
These microplastics are not biodegradable and build up in the bodies of
organisms that occupy higher trophic levels in food chains. This is called
20 bioaccumulation.
Plastic pollution may be responsible for putting filter feeding whale sharks
and other filter feeders at risk of extinction. The whale shark, for example, is
listed as being endangered.
Studies have found toxic chemicals associated with plastics in the bodies
25 of large filter feeders. Scientists think these chemicals might reduce the
population sizes of the large filter feeders. This is because the toxins might
affect many biological processes involving hormones that regulate the body’s
growth and development, metabolism, and reproduction.
Whale sharks feeding in the Sea of Cortez near Mexico, an important
30 breeding ground, ingest 200 microplastic particles per day. Fin whales in the
Mediterranean Sea ingest 2000 microplastic particles per day. Any reduction
in the reproduction of these species will have consequences for biodiversity.
Attempts are being made to reduce the use of plastic. Coffee companies are
being encouraged to use wooden spoons and straws rather than plastic ones.
35 Also, shoppers are being given biodegradable plastic bags, or paper bags.
2
*P66429A0220*
, www.igexams.com
1 (a) (i) Which organism named in the passage is a producer?
(1)
A crustaceans
B microscopic plankton
C sea birds
D turtles
(ii) Which organism named in the passage is a tertiary consumer?
(1)
A crustaceans
B fin whale
C human
D whale shark
(b) Explain how blocked tubes leading from the mouth can lead to death in some
animals. (lines 8 to 10)
(5)
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... .......................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
*P66429A0320*
3
Turn over
