CHAPTER 1 Abnormality:
Past and Present
1. As of 1999, the surgeon general of the United States reported that
a. 20 percent of all Americans suffer from mental illness in any given year.
b. 40 percent of all Americans suffer from mental illness in any given year.
c. the worldwide prevalence of mental illness is above 30 percent.
d. the prevalence of mental illness in the United States is approximately 35 percent at any given time.
e. the number of cases of reported mental illness was significantly declining.
p. 4
a
2. If you were a believer of the top-down approach as described in the text, it is likely that you would
believe
a. that biological processes create mental processes.
b. that biological states create mental states.
c. that psychological states create biological states.
d. that psychological processes create biological processes.
e. none of the above.
p. 6
c
3. The text emphasizes four themes important to abnormal psychology. Which of the following is not
one of those themes?
a. Biological versus psychological
b. Cognitive versus psychoanalytic
c. Science and practice
d. Treatment of choice
e. Development
p. 7
, b
4. The primary difference between efficacy studies and effectiveness studies is
a. that efficacy studies are completed in the laboratory and effectiveness studies are conducted in the
real world.
b. that efficacy studies are outcome studies while effectiveness studies are evaluation studies.
c. that effectiveness studies are conducted in the laboratory and efficacy studies are conducted in the
real world.
d. that effectiveness studies are for testing drugs and efficacy studies are for testing different types of
therapies.
e. none of the above.
p. 11
a
5. In the animistic era, abnormality was commonly attributed to
a. alcoholism.
b. holes in the skull.
c. physical Illness.
d. opiate addiction.
e. possession by spirits.
p. 12
e
6. The practice whereby evil spirits are believed to be released through holes in the skull is called
a. lobotomy.
b. exorcism.
c. purging.
d. trephining.
e. siphoning.
p. 12
d
7. If you had the misfortune to be on trial in Salem for witchcraft, which of the following criteria would
you most wish to have applied to test your innocence?
a. Weak tests of witchcraft
b. Strong tests of witchcraft
c. Confession
d. The testimony of others
, e. Presence of improbable facts
p. 13
b
8. In retrospect, we can recognize that the widespread fear of witches involved fear of
a. God’s will.
b. men’s brutality.
c. people’s inhumanity.
d. the unknown.
e. women’s sexuality.
p. 13
e
9. One of the first psychological disorders thought to have arisen from physical causes was
a. schizophrenia.
b. depression.
c. possession.
d. hysteria.
e. mania.
p. 14
d
10. When first described by the Greeks, hysteria was attributed to
a. chronic masturbation.
b. idle thoughts.
c. impure blood.
d. an overactive liver.
e. a wandering uterus.
p. 14
e
11. The doctrine of animalism holds
a. that people who are mad are very similar to animals.
b. that people who are mad are prone to violence and so are animals.
c. that animals live in miserable conditions without protest and so can the mad.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c.
, p. 14
d
12. The doctrine of animalism gave reason for the mad to be housed in miserable conditions until the late
the eighteenth century because it stated that
a. this was the best way to help the insane.
b. this was the best way to punish insane.
c. these were the only accommodations available.
d. it made no difference to the insane how they were kept, as they did not protest.
e. this was how the insane preferred to live.
p. 15
d
13. Galen was one of the first to believe that
a. physical pain could cause psychological distress.
b. physical disorders could have psychological causes.
c. psychological disorders could have physical causes.
d. physical pain was caused by a wandering uterus.
e. psychological disorders were caused by a wandering uterus.
p. 15
b
14. The person who brought psychological causes back into the explanation of abnormality was
a. Breuer.
b. Charcot.
c. Freud.
d. Kraepelin.
e. Mesmer.
p. 16
e
15. Mesmer believed that many mental diseases developed from
a. pyschogenic causes.
b. animal-like urges and desires.
c. obstruction of animal magnetism.
d. hyperactive animal magnetism.
e. physical causes.
p. 16
Past and Present
1. As of 1999, the surgeon general of the United States reported that
a. 20 percent of all Americans suffer from mental illness in any given year.
b. 40 percent of all Americans suffer from mental illness in any given year.
c. the worldwide prevalence of mental illness is above 30 percent.
d. the prevalence of mental illness in the United States is approximately 35 percent at any given time.
e. the number of cases of reported mental illness was significantly declining.
p. 4
a
2. If you were a believer of the top-down approach as described in the text, it is likely that you would
believe
a. that biological processes create mental processes.
b. that biological states create mental states.
c. that psychological states create biological states.
d. that psychological processes create biological processes.
e. none of the above.
p. 6
c
3. The text emphasizes four themes important to abnormal psychology. Which of the following is not
one of those themes?
a. Biological versus psychological
b. Cognitive versus psychoanalytic
c. Science and practice
d. Treatment of choice
e. Development
p. 7
, b
4. The primary difference between efficacy studies and effectiveness studies is
a. that efficacy studies are completed in the laboratory and effectiveness studies are conducted in the
real world.
b. that efficacy studies are outcome studies while effectiveness studies are evaluation studies.
c. that effectiveness studies are conducted in the laboratory and efficacy studies are conducted in the
real world.
d. that effectiveness studies are for testing drugs and efficacy studies are for testing different types of
therapies.
e. none of the above.
p. 11
a
5. In the animistic era, abnormality was commonly attributed to
a. alcoholism.
b. holes in the skull.
c. physical Illness.
d. opiate addiction.
e. possession by spirits.
p. 12
e
6. The practice whereby evil spirits are believed to be released through holes in the skull is called
a. lobotomy.
b. exorcism.
c. purging.
d. trephining.
e. siphoning.
p. 12
d
7. If you had the misfortune to be on trial in Salem for witchcraft, which of the following criteria would
you most wish to have applied to test your innocence?
a. Weak tests of witchcraft
b. Strong tests of witchcraft
c. Confession
d. The testimony of others
, e. Presence of improbable facts
p. 13
b
8. In retrospect, we can recognize that the widespread fear of witches involved fear of
a. God’s will.
b. men’s brutality.
c. people’s inhumanity.
d. the unknown.
e. women’s sexuality.
p. 13
e
9. One of the first psychological disorders thought to have arisen from physical causes was
a. schizophrenia.
b. depression.
c. possession.
d. hysteria.
e. mania.
p. 14
d
10. When first described by the Greeks, hysteria was attributed to
a. chronic masturbation.
b. idle thoughts.
c. impure blood.
d. an overactive liver.
e. a wandering uterus.
p. 14
e
11. The doctrine of animalism holds
a. that people who are mad are very similar to animals.
b. that people who are mad are prone to violence and so are animals.
c. that animals live in miserable conditions without protest and so can the mad.
d. all of the above.
e. a and c.
, p. 14
d
12. The doctrine of animalism gave reason for the mad to be housed in miserable conditions until the late
the eighteenth century because it stated that
a. this was the best way to help the insane.
b. this was the best way to punish insane.
c. these were the only accommodations available.
d. it made no difference to the insane how they were kept, as they did not protest.
e. this was how the insane preferred to live.
p. 15
d
13. Galen was one of the first to believe that
a. physical pain could cause psychological distress.
b. physical disorders could have psychological causes.
c. psychological disorders could have physical causes.
d. physical pain was caused by a wandering uterus.
e. psychological disorders were caused by a wandering uterus.
p. 15
b
14. The person who brought psychological causes back into the explanation of abnormality was
a. Breuer.
b. Charcot.
c. Freud.
d. Kraepelin.
e. Mesmer.
p. 16
e
15. Mesmer believed that many mental diseases developed from
a. pyschogenic causes.
b. animal-like urges and desires.
c. obstruction of animal magnetism.
d. hyperactive animal magnetism.
e. physical causes.
p. 16
