269
Chapter 11 The Blood TEST QUESTIONS
Multiple Choice (b) Provide a source of readily available
amino acids to be utilized by the tissue cells
1. Blood is a connective tissue comprised of for the synthesis of new tissue proteins.
cellular elements and an extracellular matrix (c) Antibodies are gamma globulins important
comprised primarily of water. What is the name in the body’s defense mechanism.
of the blood’s extracellular matrix? (d) Plasma proteins play a role in
(a) hematocrit. buffering changes in pH in the body fluids.
(b) fibrinogen. (e) The presence of plasma proteins in the blood
(c) buffy coat.
is the primary factor responsible for preventing
(d) plasma. excessive loss of plasma from the capillaries into
(e) none of these answers. the interstitial fluid.
ANSWER: d ANSWER: b
2. Albumin belongs to the group of in the 6. The buffy coat which represents < 1% of
blood plasma. the whole blood is comprised of:
(a) hormones. (a) erythrocytes and platelets.
(b) electrolytes. (b) leukocytes and platelets.
(c) proteins. (c) leukocytes and clotting factors.
(d) gases (O2, CO2, N2). (d) platelets and clotting factors.
(e) red blood cells. (e) clotting factors and albumins.
ANSWER: c ANSWER: b
3. The amount of blood in the human body is about
7. What advantages does the biconcavity of
liters.
the erythrocyte impart on the cell?
(a) 2 (a) It increases the overall surface area.
(b) 5 (b) It increases the flexibility of the cell.
(c) 10 (c) It prevents toxins from entering the cell.
(d) 12 (d) All of these answers.
(e) 15 (e) None of these answers.
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: a
4. The red cell count is normally about
8. In question #7 (above) why is this important?
million cells per cubic millimeter. (a) It prevents osmolarity changes.
(a) 2
(b) It increases the rate of gas exchange.
(b) 5
(c) It provides an additional area for endocytosis.
(c) 10
(d) It encourages cellular respiration.
(d) 15
(e) None of these answers.
(e) 20
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: b
9. The function of plasma albumins is:
5. Which is not a function of plasma proteins?
(a) contributing to the clotting process.
(a) Plasma proteins are responsible for the
(b) body defense.
blood colloid osmotic pressure.
(c) maintenance of the blood’s osmotic pressure.
(d) transport of lipids.
(e) transport of metal minerals.
Page 1 of 16
,ANSWER: c (b) Erythrocytes may take on many
different shapes.
10. Which plasma globulins are the antibodies? (c) Erythrocytes originate from the same
(a) alpha. undifferentiated pluripotential stem cells
(b) beta. as leukocytes and platelets.
(c) gamma. (d) Erythrocytes are unable to utilize the O2 they
(d) delta. contain for their own ATP formation.
(e) sigma. (e) Erythrocytes only live about five days.
ANSWER: c ANSWER: e
11. If the hematocrit is 40, then the volume 16. Which organ removes most of the worn-out
occupied by the: red blood cells from the circulation?
(a) red blood cells is 60 percent of the total (a) bone marrow.
blood volume. (b) kidney.
(b) white blood cells is 40 percent of the (c) large intestine.
total blood volume. (d) pancreas.
(c) red blood cells is 40 percent of the total (e) spleen.
blood volume.
(d) plasma and other cellular elements is 40 ANSWER: e
percent of the total blood volume.
(e) more than one of these. 17. Erythrocytes:
(a) do not contain a nucleus.
ANSWER: c (b) survive an average of 120 days.
(c) do not have the ability to use O2 for energy
12. Antibodies are: production despite the fact that they transport O2
(a) gamma globulins. to all the other tissues of the body.
(b) a type of plasma protein. (d) do not contain a nucleus and survive
(c) produced by B lymphocytes. an average of 120 days.
(d) two of these answers. (e) all of these answers.
(e) all of these answers.
ANSWER: e
ANSWER: e
18. Which is the most abundant type of
13. Which is not found within erythrocytes? cellular element in the blood?
(a) carbonic anhydrase. (a) erythrocytes.
(b) glycolytic enzymes. (b) neutrophils.
(c) hemoglobin. (c) leukocytes.
(d) mitochondria. (d) lymphocytes.
(e) bicarbonate ions. (e) platelets.
ANSWER: d ANSWER: a
14. Carbonic anhydrase is crucial for: 19. Erythrocytes:
(a) CO2 transport in blood. (a) are large cells.
(b) conversion of CO2 into bicarbonate ion. (b) participate in the clotting of blood.
(c) production of NO. (c) defend the body against foreign substances.
(d) both (a) and (b) above. (d) possess binding sites for oxygen and CO2
(e) both (a) and (c) above. (e) possess all of the organelles found in other
cell types.
ANSWER: d
ANSWER: d
15. Which of the following statements
concerning erythrocytes is incorrect? 20. Which one of the following examples of a
(a) Erythrocytes do not contain any organelles. reticulocyte percentage among the erythrocytes in
2 Chapter Eleven
, 269
the circulation indicates a high degree of (b) Iron is converted into bilirubin
erythropoiesis? upon erythrocyte degradation.
(a) 0.3 (c) Iron readily combines reversibly with O2.
(b) 0.5 (d) Diets deficient in iron can lead to anemia.
(c) 0.7 (e) Iron is not adequately absorbed from
(d) 1.2 the digestive tracts in pernicious anemia.
(e) 1.9
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: e
26. Erythropoiesis:
21. Hemoglobin: (a) is accomplished in the bone marrow
(a) consists of a protein made up of four highly upon stimulation by erythropoietin.
folded polypeptide chains and four iron-containing (b) is accomplished in the kidneys in response
nonprotein, nitrogenous groups. to reduced O2 delivery to the kidneys.
(b) appears reddish when combined with O2 and (c) refers to increased RBC count.
bluish when deoxygenated. (d) refers to RBC destruction.
(c) can combine only with O2. (e) none of these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above are correct.
(e) all of these answers. ANSWER: a
ANSWER: d 27. The hormone controlling erythropoiesis
is produced in what organ?
22. Hemoglobin: (a) pancreas.
(a) is found in the nuclei of red blood cells. (b) brain.
(b) contains carbonic anhydrase. (c) heart.
(c) can combine with O2, CO2, H+, NO, and CO. (d) kidney.
(d) both (a) and (b) above. (e) intestine.
(e) all of these answers.
ANSWER: d
ANSWER: c
28. The stimulus for increased erythropoiesis
23. Iron: secretion is:
(a) can combine reversibly with O2. (a) low oxygen levels in the bone marrow.
(b) deficiency can produce anemia. (b) low oxygen levels in the kidney.
(c) is converted into bilirubin and secreted into (c) a hormone produced by the bone marrow.
the bile when an old red blood cell ruptures and is (d) a hormone produced by the liver.
degraded. (e) none of these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
(e) all of these answers. ANSWER: b
ANSWER: d 29. One reason why men have a higher hematocrit
than women is:
24. In addition to transporting oxygen (a) greater erythropoiesis rates.
hemoglobin transports: (b) their larger muscle mass.
(a) some carbon dioxide. (c) testosterone interactions with erythropoietin.
(b) nitric oxide. (d) both (a) and (b) above.
(c) buffered hydrogen ions. (e) all these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
(f) all these answers. ANSWER: e
ANSWER: e 30. Which of these condition would result in
increased rates of erythropoiesis?
25. Which of the following statements (a) high altitudes.
concerning iron is incorrect? (b) increased physical activity.
(a) Iron is found in the heme portion of (c) loss of blood.
the hemoglobin molecule. (d) both (a) and (b) above.
Page 3 of 16
Chapter 11 The Blood TEST QUESTIONS
Multiple Choice (b) Provide a source of readily available
amino acids to be utilized by the tissue cells
1. Blood is a connective tissue comprised of for the synthesis of new tissue proteins.
cellular elements and an extracellular matrix (c) Antibodies are gamma globulins important
comprised primarily of water. What is the name in the body’s defense mechanism.
of the blood’s extracellular matrix? (d) Plasma proteins play a role in
(a) hematocrit. buffering changes in pH in the body fluids.
(b) fibrinogen. (e) The presence of plasma proteins in the blood
(c) buffy coat.
is the primary factor responsible for preventing
(d) plasma. excessive loss of plasma from the capillaries into
(e) none of these answers. the interstitial fluid.
ANSWER: d ANSWER: b
2. Albumin belongs to the group of in the 6. The buffy coat which represents < 1% of
blood plasma. the whole blood is comprised of:
(a) hormones. (a) erythrocytes and platelets.
(b) electrolytes. (b) leukocytes and platelets.
(c) proteins. (c) leukocytes and clotting factors.
(d) gases (O2, CO2, N2). (d) platelets and clotting factors.
(e) red blood cells. (e) clotting factors and albumins.
ANSWER: c ANSWER: b
3. The amount of blood in the human body is about
7. What advantages does the biconcavity of
liters.
the erythrocyte impart on the cell?
(a) 2 (a) It increases the overall surface area.
(b) 5 (b) It increases the flexibility of the cell.
(c) 10 (c) It prevents toxins from entering the cell.
(d) 12 (d) All of these answers.
(e) 15 (e) None of these answers.
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: a
4. The red cell count is normally about
8. In question #7 (above) why is this important?
million cells per cubic millimeter. (a) It prevents osmolarity changes.
(a) 2
(b) It increases the rate of gas exchange.
(b) 5
(c) It provides an additional area for endocytosis.
(c) 10
(d) It encourages cellular respiration.
(d) 15
(e) None of these answers.
(e) 20
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: b
9. The function of plasma albumins is:
5. Which is not a function of plasma proteins?
(a) contributing to the clotting process.
(a) Plasma proteins are responsible for the
(b) body defense.
blood colloid osmotic pressure.
(c) maintenance of the blood’s osmotic pressure.
(d) transport of lipids.
(e) transport of metal minerals.
Page 1 of 16
,ANSWER: c (b) Erythrocytes may take on many
different shapes.
10. Which plasma globulins are the antibodies? (c) Erythrocytes originate from the same
(a) alpha. undifferentiated pluripotential stem cells
(b) beta. as leukocytes and platelets.
(c) gamma. (d) Erythrocytes are unable to utilize the O2 they
(d) delta. contain for their own ATP formation.
(e) sigma. (e) Erythrocytes only live about five days.
ANSWER: c ANSWER: e
11. If the hematocrit is 40, then the volume 16. Which organ removes most of the worn-out
occupied by the: red blood cells from the circulation?
(a) red blood cells is 60 percent of the total (a) bone marrow.
blood volume. (b) kidney.
(b) white blood cells is 40 percent of the (c) large intestine.
total blood volume. (d) pancreas.
(c) red blood cells is 40 percent of the total (e) spleen.
blood volume.
(d) plasma and other cellular elements is 40 ANSWER: e
percent of the total blood volume.
(e) more than one of these. 17. Erythrocytes:
(a) do not contain a nucleus.
ANSWER: c (b) survive an average of 120 days.
(c) do not have the ability to use O2 for energy
12. Antibodies are: production despite the fact that they transport O2
(a) gamma globulins. to all the other tissues of the body.
(b) a type of plasma protein. (d) do not contain a nucleus and survive
(c) produced by B lymphocytes. an average of 120 days.
(d) two of these answers. (e) all of these answers.
(e) all of these answers.
ANSWER: e
ANSWER: e
18. Which is the most abundant type of
13. Which is not found within erythrocytes? cellular element in the blood?
(a) carbonic anhydrase. (a) erythrocytes.
(b) glycolytic enzymes. (b) neutrophils.
(c) hemoglobin. (c) leukocytes.
(d) mitochondria. (d) lymphocytes.
(e) bicarbonate ions. (e) platelets.
ANSWER: d ANSWER: a
14. Carbonic anhydrase is crucial for: 19. Erythrocytes:
(a) CO2 transport in blood. (a) are large cells.
(b) conversion of CO2 into bicarbonate ion. (b) participate in the clotting of blood.
(c) production of NO. (c) defend the body against foreign substances.
(d) both (a) and (b) above. (d) possess binding sites for oxygen and CO2
(e) both (a) and (c) above. (e) possess all of the organelles found in other
cell types.
ANSWER: d
ANSWER: d
15. Which of the following statements
concerning erythrocytes is incorrect? 20. Which one of the following examples of a
(a) Erythrocytes do not contain any organelles. reticulocyte percentage among the erythrocytes in
2 Chapter Eleven
, 269
the circulation indicates a high degree of (b) Iron is converted into bilirubin
erythropoiesis? upon erythrocyte degradation.
(a) 0.3 (c) Iron readily combines reversibly with O2.
(b) 0.5 (d) Diets deficient in iron can lead to anemia.
(c) 0.7 (e) Iron is not adequately absorbed from
(d) 1.2 the digestive tracts in pernicious anemia.
(e) 1.9
ANSWER: b
ANSWER: e
26. Erythropoiesis:
21. Hemoglobin: (a) is accomplished in the bone marrow
(a) consists of a protein made up of four highly upon stimulation by erythropoietin.
folded polypeptide chains and four iron-containing (b) is accomplished in the kidneys in response
nonprotein, nitrogenous groups. to reduced O2 delivery to the kidneys.
(b) appears reddish when combined with O2 and (c) refers to increased RBC count.
bluish when deoxygenated. (d) refers to RBC destruction.
(c) can combine only with O2. (e) none of these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above are correct.
(e) all of these answers. ANSWER: a
ANSWER: d 27. The hormone controlling erythropoiesis
is produced in what organ?
22. Hemoglobin: (a) pancreas.
(a) is found in the nuclei of red blood cells. (b) brain.
(b) contains carbonic anhydrase. (c) heart.
(c) can combine with O2, CO2, H+, NO, and CO. (d) kidney.
(d) both (a) and (b) above. (e) intestine.
(e) all of these answers.
ANSWER: d
ANSWER: c
28. The stimulus for increased erythropoiesis
23. Iron: secretion is:
(a) can combine reversibly with O2. (a) low oxygen levels in the bone marrow.
(b) deficiency can produce anemia. (b) low oxygen levels in the kidney.
(c) is converted into bilirubin and secreted into (c) a hormone produced by the bone marrow.
the bile when an old red blood cell ruptures and is (d) a hormone produced by the liver.
degraded. (e) none of these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
(e) all of these answers. ANSWER: b
ANSWER: d 29. One reason why men have a higher hematocrit
than women is:
24. In addition to transporting oxygen (a) greater erythropoiesis rates.
hemoglobin transports: (b) their larger muscle mass.
(a) some carbon dioxide. (c) testosterone interactions with erythropoietin.
(b) nitric oxide. (d) both (a) and (b) above.
(c) buffered hydrogen ions. (e) all these answers.
(d) both (a) and (b) above.
(f) all these answers. ANSWER: e
ANSWER: e 30. Which of these condition would result in
increased rates of erythropoiesis?
25. Which of the following statements (a) high altitudes.
concerning iron is incorrect? (b) increased physical activity.
(a) Iron is found in the heme portion of (c) loss of blood.
the hemoglobin molecule. (d) both (a) and (b) above.
Page 3 of 16
