ERSC181 B001 Introduction to Geology
Week 8 Final Exam (timed and single access)
Overall Grade (highest attempt): - 96 %
stratovolcanoes
Question 1 2/2 points
Pyroclastic flows are more associated with __________.
ocean hot spots
shield volcanoes
flood basalts
cinder cones
Question 2 2/2 points
In the rock cycle, what processes directly link igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks?
compaction and cementation
recrystallization by high heat and pressure
melting and crystallization deposition
and lithification
weathering and erosion
Question 3 2/2 points
particle size ; mineral composition
The primary basis for classifying detrital (clastic) rocks is _______, whereas the
primary basis for classifying chemical rocks is ________.
rock type ; rounding
sorting ; density particle
shape ; trace elements crystalline
structure ; sorting
Question 4 2/2 points
The Precambrian Era is the time before abundant multicellular life with hard parts
evolved. This time interval represents what percentage of earth's history?
, 99%
88%
12%
1%
50%
Question 5 2/2 points
When the radiometric clock starts ticking in zircon minerals, there is only 100%
of the unstable radiometric parent isotope X and 0% of the stable daughter
isotope Y. After testing in a lab millions of years later, there is 25% of the parent
radiometric isotope and 75% of the daughter isotope. How many half lives have
elapsed?
1
0.25
2
3
0.5
Question 6 2/2 points
In the scientific method, a hypothesis is _______, and a theory is _________.
an educated guess ; a law that has been universally accepted by the scientific community
an objective observation ; an idea that hasn't been proven an educated guess ; a
tentative untested explanation
a tentative untested explanation ; well tested and widely accepted explanation
a tentative untested explanation ; a law that has been universally accepted by the scientific community
Question 7 2/2 points
In terms of groundwater resources, what properties make the best aquifer?
High porosity and low permeability
Low porosity and low permeability
High porosity and no permeability
Low porosity and high permeability
High porosity and high permeability
, Question 8 2/2 points
James Hutton's statement that "the present is the key to the past" (uniformitarianism) is
demonstrated by ________.
ancient sedimentary rocks formed by similar processes as are observed today
the fact that our human ancestors hunted dinosaurs for millennia
the volcano that erupted last year on August 15 will occur every 10 years on that date the
Earth's landscapes are fixed and have not changed
gravity being a recent phenomenon and not changing metamorphic rocks in the past
Question 9 2/2 points
Applying the principles of relative age-dating to the diagram, which of the
following is TRUE.
Explanation of the diagram:
"A" represents an unconformity (erosional surface),
"B" is a basaltic dike,
"C" is a shale formation,
"D" is a sandstone formation,
"E" is a limestone formation, "F"
represents a thrust fault.
D is YOUNGER than C
F is YOUNGER than A
Week 8 Final Exam (timed and single access)
Overall Grade (highest attempt): - 96 %
stratovolcanoes
Question 1 2/2 points
Pyroclastic flows are more associated with __________.
ocean hot spots
shield volcanoes
flood basalts
cinder cones
Question 2 2/2 points
In the rock cycle, what processes directly link igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks?
compaction and cementation
recrystallization by high heat and pressure
melting and crystallization deposition
and lithification
weathering and erosion
Question 3 2/2 points
particle size ; mineral composition
The primary basis for classifying detrital (clastic) rocks is _______, whereas the
primary basis for classifying chemical rocks is ________.
rock type ; rounding
sorting ; density particle
shape ; trace elements crystalline
structure ; sorting
Question 4 2/2 points
The Precambrian Era is the time before abundant multicellular life with hard parts
evolved. This time interval represents what percentage of earth's history?
, 99%
88%
12%
1%
50%
Question 5 2/2 points
When the radiometric clock starts ticking in zircon minerals, there is only 100%
of the unstable radiometric parent isotope X and 0% of the stable daughter
isotope Y. After testing in a lab millions of years later, there is 25% of the parent
radiometric isotope and 75% of the daughter isotope. How many half lives have
elapsed?
1
0.25
2
3
0.5
Question 6 2/2 points
In the scientific method, a hypothesis is _______, and a theory is _________.
an educated guess ; a law that has been universally accepted by the scientific community
an objective observation ; an idea that hasn't been proven an educated guess ; a
tentative untested explanation
a tentative untested explanation ; well tested and widely accepted explanation
a tentative untested explanation ; a law that has been universally accepted by the scientific community
Question 7 2/2 points
In terms of groundwater resources, what properties make the best aquifer?
High porosity and low permeability
Low porosity and low permeability
High porosity and no permeability
Low porosity and high permeability
High porosity and high permeability
, Question 8 2/2 points
James Hutton's statement that "the present is the key to the past" (uniformitarianism) is
demonstrated by ________.
ancient sedimentary rocks formed by similar processes as are observed today
the fact that our human ancestors hunted dinosaurs for millennia
the volcano that erupted last year on August 15 will occur every 10 years on that date the
Earth's landscapes are fixed and have not changed
gravity being a recent phenomenon and not changing metamorphic rocks in the past
Question 9 2/2 points
Applying the principles of relative age-dating to the diagram, which of the
following is TRUE.
Explanation of the diagram:
"A" represents an unconformity (erosional surface),
"B" is a basaltic dike,
"C" is a shale formation,
"D" is a sandstone formation,
"E" is a limestone formation, "F"
represents a thrust fault.
D is YOUNGER than C
F is YOUNGER than A
