WGU 785 Final Exam Latest 2021 With Complete Solution
(All Answers 100% correct)
,Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for their kids?
- His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: - Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - The process of copying DNA in the lab. Uses Template DNA,
Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR –
1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy and add DNA
polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides building a new DNA
strand.
Base Excision Repair (BER) - How you repair a mutation. BER is used to repair damage to a base caused
by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single
nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - replication. DNA polymerase proofreads but sometimes a
mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of the nucleotides from the new DNA and
DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
, Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - When a base is mismatched due to errors in
replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes by and fixes it.
What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase
takes the individual nucleotides and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It
must bind with RNA primer to work.
What is needed for DNA replication? - DNA polymerase
Nonsense Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon Stop= nonsense because it is no
more.
Silent Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't
change the name of the protein
Missense Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a different amino acid. Missense =
mistake was made.
What happends during RNA splicing? - During RNA splicing introns are cut out, the remaining exons are
joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. - 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go L-R with the
complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - 5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
This sequence is the same as the coding strand except T changes to U because it is RNA. RNA doesn't
have T.
(All Answers 100% correct)
,Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for their kids?
- His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: - Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - The process of copying DNA in the lab. Uses Template DNA,
Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR –
1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy and add DNA
polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides building a new DNA
strand.
Base Excision Repair (BER) - How you repair a mutation. BER is used to repair damage to a base caused
by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single
nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - replication. DNA polymerase proofreads but sometimes a
mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of the nucleotides from the new DNA and
DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
, Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - When a base is mismatched due to errors in
replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes by and fixes it.
What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase
takes the individual nucleotides and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It
must bind with RNA primer to work.
What is needed for DNA replication? - DNA polymerase
Nonsense Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon Stop= nonsense because it is no
more.
Silent Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't
change the name of the protein
Missense Mutation - Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a different amino acid. Missense =
mistake was made.
What happends during RNA splicing? - During RNA splicing introns are cut out, the remaining exons are
joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. - 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number, then go L-R with the
complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - 5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
This sequence is the same as the coding strand except T changes to U because it is RNA. RNA doesn't
have T.
