Foundations for Population Health in Community Public Health Nursing 5th Edition Stanhope Test Bank
.
Chapter 09: Epidemiological Applications
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing,
5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is using analytic epidemiology when conducting a research project. Which of the
following projects is the nurse most likely completing?
a. Reviewing communicable disease statistics
b. Determining factors contributing to childhood obesity
c. Analyzing locations where family violence is increasing
d. Documenting population characteristics for healthy older citizens
ANS: B
Epidemiology refers not only to infectious epidemics but also to other health-related events.
Analytic epidemiology looks at the etiology (origins or causes) of disease. It discusses the
disease in terms of how and why. Descriptive epidemiology considers health outcomes in
terms of what, who, where, and when. It discusses a disease in terms of person, place, and
time.
2. A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most
likely be completed by the nurse?
a. Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness
b. Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
c. Performing a physical examination of an ill client
d. Providing treatment and health
N R education
I G B.C to a client
M with a disease
U S N T O
ANS: B
Epidemiology monitors the health of the population. Epidemiology differs from clinical
medicine, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disease in individuals.
3. Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an
epidemiologist?
a. She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers.
b. She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate.
c. She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats.
d. She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving
psychological support.
ANS: B
Nightingale examined the relationship between the environment and the recovery of the
soldiers. Using simple epidemiological measures, she was able to show that improving
environmental conditions and adding nursing care decreased the mortality rates of the
soldiers. Nightingale used statistics to document decreased mortality rates when the
environmental factors were improved. Asking other women to assist with providing nursing
care, obtaining safe water, and meeting with each soldier are not interventions that
demonstrate the use of epidemiology (the relationship between the health events and th
determinants or factors that influence those patterns).
NURSINGTB.COM
, Foundations for Population Health in Community Public Health Nursing 5th Edition Stanhope Test Bank
4. Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more
challenging than nursing in an acute care setting?
a. There is limited access to information useful to the nurse in giving care in the
community.
b. More paperwork and forms are required when giving care in the home.
c. It is more challenging to control the environment in the community.
d. Specialization isn’t possible in the community setting.
ANS: C
In the community, nurses often use epidemiology, since the factors that affect the individual,
family, and population group cannot be as easily controlled as in acute care settings. It is
essentially impossible to control the environment in the community. Nurses working in the
community have multiple resources that can be used to access information about the
community. There may be additional paperwork and forms to complete in the home
environment, but the lack of control of the environment is a larger challenge than the
completion of paperwork. Community health nursing is recognizd as a specialty within
nursing.
5. Several small communities have applied for grant funding from the state department of health
to help decrease their teenage pregnancy rate. Which of the following communities should the
nurse suggest receive funding first?
a. Community A—with 23 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 500
b. Community B—with 45 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1000
c. Community C—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 2000
d. Community D—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1500
ANS: D
The pregnancy rates of A, B,Nand
URCSare
IN45–46:1000,
GTB.COMwhereas the rate in Community D is
60:1000. Without doing any actual math, it should be fairly obvious that 23:500, 45:1000, and
90:2000 are all about the same proportion but that 90:1500 is a larger proportion.
6. Between 2010 and 2015, 1000 of 10,000 young women age 17 to 20 years at a university
tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of the 1000 diagnosed STIs, 300
were gonorrhea and 500 were chlamydia. Which of the following statements best summarizes
these findings?
a. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 300:1300.
b. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to chlamydia was 300:500.
c. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 50%.
d. The proportion of STIs to the total population was 100:1000.
ANS: D
A proportion is a ratio in which the denominator includes the numerator. If the proportion is
small, we can express the number per 1000. The answer of 100:1000 correctly summarizes
that 1000 of 10,000 (or 100:1000) young women had the problem. The answer of 300:1300
adds the total of the numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the
gonorrhea cases were already included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio
comparing gonorrhea to chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion
(i.e., the denominator must contain the numerator). Although proportions may be expressed as
percentages, in the answer of 50% the percentage reflects the number of gonorrhea cases to all
STIs, which doesn’t summarize the total STI problem.
NURSINGTB.COM
.
Chapter 09: Epidemiological Applications
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing,
5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is using analytic epidemiology when conducting a research project. Which of the
following projects is the nurse most likely completing?
a. Reviewing communicable disease statistics
b. Determining factors contributing to childhood obesity
c. Analyzing locations where family violence is increasing
d. Documenting population characteristics for healthy older citizens
ANS: B
Epidemiology refers not only to infectious epidemics but also to other health-related events.
Analytic epidemiology looks at the etiology (origins or causes) of disease. It discusses the
disease in terms of how and why. Descriptive epidemiology considers health outcomes in
terms of what, who, where, and when. It discusses a disease in terms of person, place, and
time.
2. A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most
likely be completed by the nurse?
a. Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness
b. Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
c. Performing a physical examination of an ill client
d. Providing treatment and health
N R education
I G B.C to a client
M with a disease
U S N T O
ANS: B
Epidemiology monitors the health of the population. Epidemiology differs from clinical
medicine, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disease in individuals.
3. Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an
epidemiologist?
a. She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers.
b. She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate.
c. She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats.
d. She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving
psychological support.
ANS: B
Nightingale examined the relationship between the environment and the recovery of the
soldiers. Using simple epidemiological measures, she was able to show that improving
environmental conditions and adding nursing care decreased the mortality rates of the
soldiers. Nightingale used statistics to document decreased mortality rates when the
environmental factors were improved. Asking other women to assist with providing nursing
care, obtaining safe water, and meeting with each soldier are not interventions that
demonstrate the use of epidemiology (the relationship between the health events and th
determinants or factors that influence those patterns).
NURSINGTB.COM
, Foundations for Population Health in Community Public Health Nursing 5th Edition Stanhope Test Bank
4. Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more
challenging than nursing in an acute care setting?
a. There is limited access to information useful to the nurse in giving care in the
community.
b. More paperwork and forms are required when giving care in the home.
c. It is more challenging to control the environment in the community.
d. Specialization isn’t possible in the community setting.
ANS: C
In the community, nurses often use epidemiology, since the factors that affect the individual,
family, and population group cannot be as easily controlled as in acute care settings. It is
essentially impossible to control the environment in the community. Nurses working in the
community have multiple resources that can be used to access information about the
community. There may be additional paperwork and forms to complete in the home
environment, but the lack of control of the environment is a larger challenge than the
completion of paperwork. Community health nursing is recognizd as a specialty within
nursing.
5. Several small communities have applied for grant funding from the state department of health
to help decrease their teenage pregnancy rate. Which of the following communities should the
nurse suggest receive funding first?
a. Community A—with 23 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 500
b. Community B—with 45 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1000
c. Community C—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 2000
d. Community D—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1500
ANS: D
The pregnancy rates of A, B,Nand
URCSare
IN45–46:1000,
GTB.COMwhereas the rate in Community D is
60:1000. Without doing any actual math, it should be fairly obvious that 23:500, 45:1000, and
90:2000 are all about the same proportion but that 90:1500 is a larger proportion.
6. Between 2010 and 2015, 1000 of 10,000 young women age 17 to 20 years at a university
tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of the 1000 diagnosed STIs, 300
were gonorrhea and 500 were chlamydia. Which of the following statements best summarizes
these findings?
a. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 300:1300.
b. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to chlamydia was 300:500.
c. The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 50%.
d. The proportion of STIs to the total population was 100:1000.
ANS: D
A proportion is a ratio in which the denominator includes the numerator. If the proportion is
small, we can express the number per 1000. The answer of 100:1000 correctly summarizes
that 1000 of 10,000 (or 100:1000) young women had the problem. The answer of 300:1300
adds the total of the numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the
gonorrhea cases were already included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio
comparing gonorrhea to chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion
(i.e., the denominator must contain the numerator). Although proportions may be expressed as
percentages, in the answer of 50% the percentage reflects the number of gonorrhea cases to all
STIs, which doesn’t summarize the total STI problem.
NURSINGTB.COM
