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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION
Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing
An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a
master’s degree is considered to be an expert in her area of practice and works on an oncology unit in
a large teaching hospital. Based upon this description, which of the following career roles best describes
this nurse’s role, taking into account her
1. qualifications and experience?
A) Clinical nurse specialist
B) Nurse entrepreneur
C) Nurse practitioner
D) Nurse educator
Ans: A
Feedback:
A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or experience who is
considered to be an expert in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical nurse specialist carries out
direct patient care; consultation; teaching of patients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse
practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings to deliver primary care. A
nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical setting. A
nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to
2. establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the
plan to meet established outcomes?
A) Nursing process
B) ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C) Evidence-based practice guidelines
D) Nurse Practice Acts
Ans: A
Feedback:
The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice. Nurses implement their
roles through the nursing process. The nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the patient’s
health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and
to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes.
, Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to
3. determine whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A) American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C) National League for Nursing (NLN)
D) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Ans: A
Feedback:
The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities
specific and unique to nursing. The AACN addresses educational standards, while the NLN promotes and
fosters various aspects of nursing.
The ICN provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define
standards and scope of practice.
4. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A) Dorothea Dix
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Clara Barton
Ans: C
Feedback:
Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. She elevated the
status of nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded
modern nursing education. Although the other choices are women who were important to the
development of nursing, none of them is considered the founder.
5. Which of the following nursing pioneers established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
, C) Dorothea Dix
D) Jane Addams
Ans: B
Feedback:
Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the civil war, served as
the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James, organized hospitals and nurses, and established
the Red Cross in the United States in 1882.
A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with Down
6. Syndrome. The nurse makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is an example
of which nursing role?
A) Teacher/Educator
B) Leader
C) Counselor
D) Collaborator
Ans: C
Feedback:
Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal communication skills to provide
information, make appropriate referrals, and facilitate the patient’s problem-solving and decision-
making skills. The teacher/educator uses communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate
individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients and their families. A leader displays
an assertive, self-confident practice of nursing when providing care, effecting change, and
functioning with groups. The collaborator uses skills in organization, communication, and
advocacy to facilitate the functions of all members of the health care team as they provide patient
care.
7. A nurse is providing nursing care in a neighborhood clinic to single, pregnant teens. Which of the
following actions is the best example of using the counselor role as a nurse?
A) Discussing the legal aspects of adoption for teens wishing to place their infants with a family
B) Searching the Internet for information on child care for the teens who wish to return to school
C) Conducting a client interview and documenting the information on the client’s chart
D) Referring a teen who admits having suicidal thoughts to a mental health care specialist
Ans: D
Feedback:
, The role of the counselor includes making appropriate referrals. Discussing legal issues is the role
of the advocate and searching for information on the Internet is the role of a researcher.
Conducting a client interview would fall under the role of the caregiver.
8. A nurse instructor explains the concept of health to her students. Which of the following
statements accurately describes this state of being?
A) Health is a state of optimal functioning.
B) Health is an absence of illness.
C) Health is always an objective state.
D) Health is not determined by the patient.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Health is a state of optimal functioning or well-being. As defined by the World Health
Organization, one’s health includes physical, social, and mental components and is not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity. Health is often a subjective state; a person may be medically
diagnosed with an illness but still consider himself or herself healthy.
9. A nurse incorporates the health promotion guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Health
document: Healthy People 2010. Which of the following is a health indicator discussed in this
document?
A) Cancer
B) Obesity
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
Ans: B
Feedback:
The 10 leading indicators of health established by Healthy People 2010 are: physical activity,
excessive weight and obesity, tobacco use, substance abuse, responsible sexual behavior, mental
health, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunizations, and access to health care.
10. Which of the following is a criteria that defines nursing as profession?
A) an undefined body of knowledge
B) a dependence on the medical profession
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 9TH EDITION
Chapter 1, Introduction to Nursing
An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a
master’s degree is considered to be an expert in her area of practice and works on an oncology unit in
a large teaching hospital. Based upon this description, which of the following career roles best describes
this nurse’s role, taking into account her
1. qualifications and experience?
A) Clinical nurse specialist
B) Nurse entrepreneur
C) Nurse practitioner
D) Nurse educator
Ans: A
Feedback:
A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education, or experience who is
considered to be an expert in a specialized area of nursing. The clinical nurse specialist carries out
direct patient care; consultation; teaching of patients, families, and staff; and research. A nurse
practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings to deliver primary care. A
nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or clinical setting. A
nurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the patient’s health care needs and strengths, to
2. establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the
plan to meet established outcomes?
A) Nursing process
B) ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C) Evidence-based practice guidelines
D) Nurse Practice Acts
Ans: A
Feedback:
The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice. Nurses implement their
roles through the nursing process. The nursing process is used by the nurse to identify the patient’s
health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and
to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes.
, Which of the following organizations is the best source of information when a nurse wishes to
3. determine whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A) American Nurses Association (ANA)
B) American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C) National League for Nursing (NLN)
D) International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Ans: A
Feedback:
The ANA produces the 2003 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice, which defines the activities
specific and unique to nursing. The AACN addresses educational standards, while the NLN promotes and
fosters various aspects of nursing.
The ICN provides a venue for national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define
standards and scope of practice.
4. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A) Dorothea Dix
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Clara Barton
Ans: C
Feedback:
Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. She elevated the
status of nursing to a respected occupation, improved the quality of nursing care, and founded
modern nursing education. Although the other choices are women who were important to the
development of nursing, none of them is considered the founder.
5. Which of the following nursing pioneers established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Clara Barton
, C) Dorothea Dix
D) Jane Addams
Ans: B
Feedback:
Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the civil war, served as
the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James, organized hospitals and nurses, and established
the Red Cross in the United States in 1882.
A nurse practitioner is caring for a couple who are the parents of an infant diagnosed with Down
6. Syndrome. The nurse makes referrals for a parent support group for the family. This is an example
of which nursing role?
A) Teacher/Educator
B) Leader
C) Counselor
D) Collaborator
Ans: C
Feedback:
Counseling skills involve the use of therapeutic interpersonal communication skills to provide
information, make appropriate referrals, and facilitate the patient’s problem-solving and decision-
making skills. The teacher/educator uses communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate
individualized teaching plans to meet learning needs of clients and their families. A leader displays
an assertive, self-confident practice of nursing when providing care, effecting change, and
functioning with groups. The collaborator uses skills in organization, communication, and
advocacy to facilitate the functions of all members of the health care team as they provide patient
care.
7. A nurse is providing nursing care in a neighborhood clinic to single, pregnant teens. Which of the
following actions is the best example of using the counselor role as a nurse?
A) Discussing the legal aspects of adoption for teens wishing to place their infants with a family
B) Searching the Internet for information on child care for the teens who wish to return to school
C) Conducting a client interview and documenting the information on the client’s chart
D) Referring a teen who admits having suicidal thoughts to a mental health care specialist
Ans: D
Feedback:
, The role of the counselor includes making appropriate referrals. Discussing legal issues is the role
of the advocate and searching for information on the Internet is the role of a researcher.
Conducting a client interview would fall under the role of the caregiver.
8. A nurse instructor explains the concept of health to her students. Which of the following
statements accurately describes this state of being?
A) Health is a state of optimal functioning.
B) Health is an absence of illness.
C) Health is always an objective state.
D) Health is not determined by the patient.
Ans: A
Feedback:
Health is a state of optimal functioning or well-being. As defined by the World Health
Organization, one’s health includes physical, social, and mental components and is not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity. Health is often a subjective state; a person may be medically
diagnosed with an illness but still consider himself or herself healthy.
9. A nurse incorporates the health promotion guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Health
document: Healthy People 2010. Which of the following is a health indicator discussed in this
document?
A) Cancer
B) Obesity
C) Diabetes
D) Hypertension
Ans: B
Feedback:
The 10 leading indicators of health established by Healthy People 2010 are: physical activity,
excessive weight and obesity, tobacco use, substance abuse, responsible sexual behavior, mental
health, injury and violence, environmental quality, immunizations, and access to health care.
10. Which of the following is a criteria that defines nursing as profession?
A) an undefined body of knowledge
B) a dependence on the medical profession
