AGNP BOARD EXAM WITH ANSWERS – SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED ASSESSMENT

AGNP BOARD EXAM WITH ANSWERS – SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED ASSESSMENT (23 Questions) Question: Which is NOT a type of diagnostic test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? Antibody test Combination antibody and antigen test Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) Correct Nucleic acid tests (NATs) Explanation: Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) is a glycoprotein found on the surface of immune cells such as T-helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. CD4 counts are most often assessed after the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been made. Tests for HIV include the antibody test, combination test, and nucleic acid tests. The CD4 count results, along with an HIV viral load, are used to evaluate the immune system of a person diagnosed with HIV infection and to monitor effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART or ARV), also called highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Question: Which sexually transmitted disease (STD) is known as a ‘silent’ infection and often lacks abnormal physical examination findings? Syphilis Chlamydia Correct Trichomoniasis Bacterial vaginosis Explanation: Chlamydia is known as a ‘silent’ infection because most infected people are asymptomatic and lack abnormal physical examination findings. A person with primary syphilis generally has chancres at the original site of infection. Symptoms of secondary syphilis include skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, and fever. Tertiary syphilis is associated with severe neurological problems. Trichomoniasis causes burning with urination, as well as foul smelling vaginal or penile discharge. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) causes a thin white or gray vaginal discharge, burning in the vagina, and a strong fish-like odor in women. Question: What is the gold standard method for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis (BV)? Bimanual examination Urine culture Gram stain Correct Rectal examination Explanation: A Gram stain (considered the gold standard laboratory method for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis) is used to determine the relative concentration of lactobacilli (i.e., long gram-positive rods), gram-negative and gram-variable rods and cocci (i.e., G. vaginalis, Prevotella, Porphyromonas