Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________
Student Exploration: Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection
Vocabulary: artificial selection, breed, chromosome, evolution, fitness, genotype, mutation, natural
selection, phenotype
[Note to teachers and students: This Gizmo™ was designed as a follow-up to the Evolution: Mutation
and Selection Gizmo. We recommend doing that activity before trying this one.]
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
This illustration from an old textbook shows some of the over 150 different dog breeds that can be
seen around the world today. How do you think all of these different breeds were developed?
_________They were domesticated from overtime, and natural mutations caused different breeds
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Gizmo Warm-up
Dog breeds and other varieties of domesticated animals were developed
through artificial selection. Over many generations, breeders selected
which animals to mate in order to select for desired traits. The Evolution:
Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo allows you to try your hand at
breeding insects with a variety of colors. To begin, select the Artificial
selection option.
1. Drag the 10 insects into the breeding alcoves on the left side of the Gizmo.
A. How many breeding pairs are there? _________5__________
A. How ma.ny offspring a.re produced? _________20___________
This study source wa.s downloa.ded by 100000840304359 from CourseHero.com on 04-28-2022 04:35:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/28264145/EvolutionNa.tura.lA.rtificia.lSEdocx
/
, 1. Circled insects have mutations, or changes to their DNA. How many of the offspring insects in
this generation have mutations? _____0_______________
Question: How are genes inherited and modified over many generations?
1. Observe : The fitness of an insect is a measure of how well it is adapted to its environment.
A. What is the initial Average fitness of these insects?
__50%_______________________
B. Click Play ( ), and observe the simulation for several generations. What occurs in each
generation? ____Offspring are produced, a bird eats 10% of the offspring and the
remaining pair and reproduce_____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
C. Increase the Sim. speed by one level. Click Pause ( ) after 30 generations. What is the
Average fitness now?
_______64%_____________________________________
2. Analyze : Set the Sim. speed to its slowest level. Click Play, and then Pause when the offspring
appear. Choose a pair of parents in which both parents have a different color.
A. Move your cursor over a parent insect. The genes that control color make up an insect’s
genotype, while its actual color is its phenotype. Fill in the genotypes and phenotypes of
each parent below.
Parent 1 Parent 1
Parent 2 Parent 2 genotype
phenotype genotype phenotype
Red = __255_____ Red =__255_____
This study source wa.s downloa.ded by 100000840304359 from CourseHero.com on 04-28-2022 04:35:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/28264145/EvolutionNa.tura.lA.rtificia.lSEdocx
/
Student Exploration: Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection
Vocabulary: artificial selection, breed, chromosome, evolution, fitness, genotype, mutation, natural
selection, phenotype
[Note to teachers and students: This Gizmo™ was designed as a follow-up to the Evolution: Mutation
and Selection Gizmo. We recommend doing that activity before trying this one.]
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
This illustration from an old textbook shows some of the over 150 different dog breeds that can be
seen around the world today. How do you think all of these different breeds were developed?
_________They were domesticated from overtime, and natural mutations caused different breeds
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Gizmo Warm-up
Dog breeds and other varieties of domesticated animals were developed
through artificial selection. Over many generations, breeders selected
which animals to mate in order to select for desired traits. The Evolution:
Natural and Artificial Selection Gizmo allows you to try your hand at
breeding insects with a variety of colors. To begin, select the Artificial
selection option.
1. Drag the 10 insects into the breeding alcoves on the left side of the Gizmo.
A. How many breeding pairs are there? _________5__________
A. How ma.ny offspring a.re produced? _________20___________
This study source wa.s downloa.ded by 100000840304359 from CourseHero.com on 04-28-2022 04:35:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/28264145/EvolutionNa.tura.lA.rtificia.lSEdocx
/
, 1. Circled insects have mutations, or changes to their DNA. How many of the offspring insects in
this generation have mutations? _____0_______________
Question: How are genes inherited and modified over many generations?
1. Observe : The fitness of an insect is a measure of how well it is adapted to its environment.
A. What is the initial Average fitness of these insects?
__50%_______________________
B. Click Play ( ), and observe the simulation for several generations. What occurs in each
generation? ____Offspring are produced, a bird eats 10% of the offspring and the
remaining pair and reproduce_____________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
C. Increase the Sim. speed by one level. Click Pause ( ) after 30 generations. What is the
Average fitness now?
_______64%_____________________________________
2. Analyze : Set the Sim. speed to its slowest level. Click Play, and then Pause when the offspring
appear. Choose a pair of parents in which both parents have a different color.
A. Move your cursor over a parent insect. The genes that control color make up an insect’s
genotype, while its actual color is its phenotype. Fill in the genotypes and phenotypes of
each parent below.
Parent 1 Parent 1
Parent 2 Parent 2 genotype
phenotype genotype phenotype
Red = __255_____ Red =__255_____
This study source wa.s downloa.ded by 100000840304359 from CourseHero.com on 04-28-2022 04:35:46 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/28264145/EvolutionNa.tura.lA.rtificia.lSEdocx
/
