test ban
Pharmacology Final Study Guide
Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety, 2nd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
BASIC CONCEPTS
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
drugs under the direction of a pharmacist?
a. Physician
b Nurse practitioner
.
c. Licensed nurse
d Pharmacy technician
.
ANS: D
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
although under some circumstances a licensed nurse may dispense prescribed drugs but this is
not his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
responsibility of dispensing prescribed drugs under the direction of a licensed pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
2. Which term describes the effect of a drug that improves body function?
a. Side effect
b Intended action
.
c. Adverse reaction
d Idiosyncratic response
.
ANS: B
The purpose of drug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.
This response is any drug’s intended action also known as a therapeutic response.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
3. Which type of drug name is “owned” by the company that manufactures it?
a. Generic name
b Chemical name
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
.
c. Category name
d Trade name
.
ANS: D
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name
assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The
category name refers to the type of drug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an actual
drug name. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a specific drug’s
manufacturer.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
4. Which drug or drug class is a “high alert” drug?
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the wrong
patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include potassium,
narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug that strongly
affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high alert drugs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring body
hormone or enzyme?
a. Agonist
b Blocking agent
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites of a cell and mimics the
actions of naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
term.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: pp. 6-7
6. Which term describes how the body affects drug activity?
a. Drug potency
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potency refers to
how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 10
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards for
drug manufacturing?
a. U.S. Pharmacopeia
b National Institutes of Health
.
c. Food and Drug Administration
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
.
ANS: C
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These standards
are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of Health nor
the Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authority to enforce drug standards.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 5
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal route.
b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean.
.
c. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive.
d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
.
ANS: D
Once a transdermal drug moves through the skin, it must enter the bloodstream to reach its target
tissue. If circulation is poor to the area where the transdermal drug is applied, very little, if any,
of the drug will reach its target tissue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 12
9. How are intrinsic drugs different from extrinsic drugs?
a.
Intrinsic drugs are made by the body, whereas extrinsic drugs are made outside the body.
bIntrinsic drugs are administered by the parenteral route, whereas extrinsic drugs are
.administered by the oral route.
c.
Extrinsic drugs can only be applied to the skin or mucous membranes, whereas intrinsic
drugs are taken internally.
d Extrinsic drugs require a prescription for administration, whereas intrinsic drugs are
. available over-the-counter.
ANS: A
Intrinsic drugs are the hormones, enzymes, and other chemicals made by the body that change
cell activity. Extrinsic drugs are manufactured from chemical, animal, or plant sources and must
have a means of entering the body in order to change cell activity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3
10. A patient asks why his drug to control high blood pressure has only one generic name and
two different trade names. What is your best response?
a. “Most drugs have different trade names that indicate different dosages.”
b “The two different trade names indicate that one is a more pure and safer drug than the
. other.”
c. “The generic name is the actual official drug name and the trade name is a brand owned by
a specific manufacturer.”
d “If you have insurance, you can get the trade name drug, which is usually more expensive
. than the generic named drug.”
ANS: C
The generic name is the name assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is
not owned by anyone. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
specific drug’s manufacturer. More than one manufacturer can make and sell the same drug at the
same time under a different trade name. Regardless of trade name, all drugs that have the same
generic name must be alike in their chemical composition and strength.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher REF: pp. 3-4
Pharmacology Final Study Guide
Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety, 2nd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
BASIC CONCEPTS
1. Which health care professional has the major responsibility for dispensing prescribed
drugs under the direction of a pharmacist?
a. Physician
b Nurse practitioner
.
c. Licensed nurse
d Pharmacy technician
.
ANS: D
The physician and nurse practitioner have the major responsibility for prescribing drugs, not
dispensing them. The licensed nurse has the primary responsibility for administering drugs,
although under some circumstances a licensed nurse may dispense prescribed drugs but this is
not his or her major responsibility in drug therapy. The pharmacy technician has the major
responsibility of dispensing prescribed drugs under the direction of a licensed pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
2. Which term describes the effect of a drug that improves body function?
a. Side effect
b Intended action
.
c. Adverse reaction
d Idiosyncratic response
.
ANS: B
The purpose of drug therapy is to take a drug to prevent, reduce, or correct a health problem.
This response is any drug’s intended action also known as a therapeutic response.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 3
3. Which type of drug name is “owned” by the company that manufactures it?
a. Generic name
b Chemical name
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
.
c. Category name
d Trade name
.
ANS: D
The chemical name is a drug’s exact chemical composition. The generic name is the name
assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is not owned by anyone. The
category name refers to the type of drug (what it does or what it is used for) and is not an actual
drug name. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a specific drug’s
manufacturer.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
4. Which drug or drug class is a “high alert” drug?
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS: B
A high alert drug is one in which harm is likely to result if given at the wrong dose, to the wrong
patient, or not given to the correct patient. Drugs classified as high alert drugs include potassium,
narcotics (opioids), insulin, cancer chemotherapy drugs, and heparin (or any drug that strongly
affects blood clotting). Penicillin, NSAIDs, and calcium are not considered high alert drugs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 4
5. What is the term for a drug that has the same action as a naturally occurring body
hormone or enzyme?
a. Agonist
b Blocking agent
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS: A
A drug agonist is an extrinsic drug that activates the receptor sites of a cell and mimics the
actions of naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs). A blocking agent is a drug
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
antagonist. A chemical would not necessarily be a drug at all. A duplicator is not a pharmacologic
term.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: pp. 6-7
6. Which term describes how the body affects drug activity?
a. Drug potency
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeutic effect
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS: D
The term pharmacokinetics refers to drug metabolism and how the body changes a drug.
Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug works to change body function. Drug potency refers to
how strongly or to what degree a drug exerts its effects. The therapeutic effect is closer to
pharmacodynamics, meaning how a drug works to change body function.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 10
7. In the United States, which group is responsible for enforcing established standards for
drug manufacturing?
a. U.S. Pharmacopeia
b National Institutes of Health
.
c. Food and Drug Administration
d Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
.
ANS: C
The standards for drug manufacture are established by the U.S. Pharmacopeia. These standards
are enforced by the Food and Drug Administration. Neither the National Institutes of Health nor
the Association of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers has any authority to enforce drug standards.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 5
8. Which factor is a major disadvantage of the transdermal drug delivery route?
a. Only a prescriber can administer drugs by the transdermal route.
b Transdermal drugs must be sterile rather than clean.
.
c. First pass drug loss by this route is the most extensive.
d Drug absorption is dependent on adequate circulation.
, Pharmacology Final Study Guide
.
ANS: D
Once a transdermal drug moves through the skin, it must enter the bloodstream to reach its target
tissue. If circulation is poor to the area where the transdermal drug is applied, very little, if any,
of the drug will reach its target tissue.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 12
9. How are intrinsic drugs different from extrinsic drugs?
a.
Intrinsic drugs are made by the body, whereas extrinsic drugs are made outside the body.
bIntrinsic drugs are administered by the parenteral route, whereas extrinsic drugs are
.administered by the oral route.
c.
Extrinsic drugs can only be applied to the skin or mucous membranes, whereas intrinsic
drugs are taken internally.
d Extrinsic drugs require a prescription for administration, whereas intrinsic drugs are
. available over-the-counter.
ANS: A
Intrinsic drugs are the hormones, enzymes, and other chemicals made by the body that change
cell activity. Extrinsic drugs are manufactured from chemical, animal, or plant sources and must
have a means of entering the body in order to change cell activity.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: p. 3
10. A patient asks why his drug to control high blood pressure has only one generic name and
two different trade names. What is your best response?
a. “Most drugs have different trade names that indicate different dosages.”
b “The two different trade names indicate that one is a more pure and safer drug than the
. other.”
c. “The generic name is the actual official drug name and the trade name is a brand owned by
a specific manufacturer.”
d “If you have insurance, you can get the trade name drug, which is usually more expensive
. than the generic named drug.”
ANS: C
The generic name is the name assigned to the drug by the U.S. Adopted Names Council and is
not owned by anyone. The trade name (brand name) is the name provided and owned by a
specific drug’s manufacturer. More than one manufacturer can make and sell the same drug at the
same time under a different trade name. Regardless of trade name, all drugs that have the same
generic name must be alike in their chemical composition and strength.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying or Higher REF: pp. 3-4
