HLTINF001 - Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures -
Assessments
1. List the steps involved in medical hand wash and pre-surgical hand wash.
a. Medical hand wash
Medical hand washing undergoes in running warm water with skin cleansers. The
process usually takes from 40 to 60 seconds which including following steps:
- Wet hands with warm water
- Apply a sufficient amount of product to cover all hand surfaces.
- Rub hands palm to palm
- One palm over other dorsum with fingers interlaced
- Palm to palm with fingers interlaced
- Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked
- Rotational rubbing of left thumb clasped in right palm and doing vice versa
- Rotational rubbing backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in
left palm and doing vice versa
- Rinse hands with water
- Wet Dry hands thoroughly with single-use paper towel
- Use that tower to turn off the tap if not hand free tap
b. Pre-surgical hand wash
Pre-surgical hand wash procedure requires longer time than, it should take from
3- 5minutes. Jewellery and artificial nails or nails polish are prohibited.
- Must remove jewellery or watches
- hands and forearms with antimicrobial soap
- Clean under nails if needed with a nail file. Should not use nailbrushes cause that
can damage the skin. If used, must sterile nailbrushes.
- Start timing. Scrub fingers’ sides, between fingers and the back and front of hands for 2
minutes
- Keep the hands higher than the arm at all the time when scrubbing the arms.
- Wash each side of arms to three inches above the elbow for one minute.
- Rinse hands and arms thoroughly, always keep hands above elbows
- Use sterile towel to turn the taps off if not hands free
2. List three clinical moments when hand hygiene should be performed with soap and
water, rather than an alcohol based hand rub.
Hand hygiene can be performed with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand
rub. However, heath workers should wash hands with soap and water when:
- Before aseptic procedure such as before dressing a wound
- After body fluid exposure risk such as after clearing any other body fluids
,HLTINF001 - Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures -
Assessments
- After touching patients with hands are visibly dirty with blood or any other body
fluids.
3. List three non-clinical moments for hand hygiene.
Hanh hygiene should be performed in some non-clinical moments:
- After hands are visibly soiled
- After visiting toilet
- Before eating or handling foods
4. Outline the hand care guidelines related to:
a. Maintaining finger nails
- Need to keep nails short by trimming often
- When washing hands, remember to scrub underside of nails with brush
- Clean the tools such as clipper and file to do your nails before use
- In the case going to nails salon, make sure those tools are sterilized
- Avoid biting or chewing nails, and cutting cuticles
- Don’t rip or bite a hangnail, it should be cut by trimmer.
b. Removal of jewellery and watches
- Should discourage the wearing of jewellery and watches in healthcare facility.
- If jewellery must be worn such as wedding ring, it should be kept a minimum at
work place. During the hand practice, it should be moved about on the finger to
ensure no missing part without clean
- Don’t wear jewellery and watches when performing or assisting operations
c. Maintenance of intact skin
- Use hand cream to minimise sensitivity and irritation cause of washing hands and
wearing gloves many times at work
- Wear gloves when appearing the hazards of broken, grazed, torn skin
- Check the ingredients of the hand cream to avoid using oil-based one because it can
damage latex gloves
d. Management of cuts and abrasions
- Cover cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings
- Change them when they’re soiled or loose
- Wear non-sterile gloves
5. Explain the scope and use of the following PPE in accordance with organisational policies
and procedures:
a. Gloves
Gloves can protect patients and healthcare workers who are at risk of exposure to
infectious agents and no risk of splashing contact. Therefore, they are used to
prevent the contamination when:
- Directly contact with blood or body substances, mucous membranes, non-intact skin
, HLTINF001 - Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures -
Assessments
and other potential infectious materials
- Handle or touch potentially contaminated equipment relating to patient care and
environmental surfaces.
Gloves are put on last when they are worn with another PPE and used as a single
use item.
Chose gloves that are comfort, fit and suitable with hands
Select appropriate gloves for the purposes of use: sterile or non-sterile gloves
Gloves should be changed:
- Between care procedures for different patients to prevent transmission from patients
to patients
- During the stages of care for a patient to prevent cross-contamination of body sites
Gloves must be removed and practise hand hygiene when leaving room or touching
surfaces outside of treatment area to prevent contamination of hands and spreading
microorganism into environment.
b. Gown/apron
Gown and apron are required on entering patient’s care area when:
- Health care workers have close contact with patient, materials and equipment that
may cause of contamination of skin, clothes with infectious agents
- There is risk of contamination with blood, body substances, secretions or excretions
Gown and apron need to be change between patients
Gown/apron is worn for single procedure, stage of patient care or cleaning activity
and discarded
c. Mask
- Masks are single-use items and fitted to cover nose and mouth to prevent splashes or
sprays from reaching those body parts of person wearing
- Be worn during any sterile procedures
- Use to prevent the splashes or sprays of blood or body substances
- Use during the procedures may create dust
- Use in caring patients have potential respiratory secretion
- Be worn for additional droplet and airborne precautions.
- Can be used for coughing patients to prevent the infectious respiratory secretions from
spreading to others
- Should be changed when becoming soiled or wet
- Never re-apply after removing
- Should not be left around the neck
- Avoid touching the front of mask when wearing
- Need to perform hand hygiene before wearing and after taking off the masks.
d. Protective glasses.
- Include goggles and other safety glasses with side-shield protection.
- Be worn to reduce the high risk of exposure of splashes or sprays of blood and other
Assessments
1. List the steps involved in medical hand wash and pre-surgical hand wash.
a. Medical hand wash
Medical hand washing undergoes in running warm water with skin cleansers. The
process usually takes from 40 to 60 seconds which including following steps:
- Wet hands with warm water
- Apply a sufficient amount of product to cover all hand surfaces.
- Rub hands palm to palm
- One palm over other dorsum with fingers interlaced
- Palm to palm with fingers interlaced
- Backs of fingers to opposing palms with fingers interlocked
- Rotational rubbing of left thumb clasped in right palm and doing vice versa
- Rotational rubbing backwards and forwards with clasped fingers of right hand in
left palm and doing vice versa
- Rinse hands with water
- Wet Dry hands thoroughly with single-use paper towel
- Use that tower to turn off the tap if not hand free tap
b. Pre-surgical hand wash
Pre-surgical hand wash procedure requires longer time than, it should take from
3- 5minutes. Jewellery and artificial nails or nails polish are prohibited.
- Must remove jewellery or watches
- hands and forearms with antimicrobial soap
- Clean under nails if needed with a nail file. Should not use nailbrushes cause that
can damage the skin. If used, must sterile nailbrushes.
- Start timing. Scrub fingers’ sides, between fingers and the back and front of hands for 2
minutes
- Keep the hands higher than the arm at all the time when scrubbing the arms.
- Wash each side of arms to three inches above the elbow for one minute.
- Rinse hands and arms thoroughly, always keep hands above elbows
- Use sterile towel to turn the taps off if not hands free
2. List three clinical moments when hand hygiene should be performed with soap and
water, rather than an alcohol based hand rub.
Hand hygiene can be performed with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand
rub. However, heath workers should wash hands with soap and water when:
- Before aseptic procedure such as before dressing a wound
- After body fluid exposure risk such as after clearing any other body fluids
,HLTINF001 - Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures -
Assessments
- After touching patients with hands are visibly dirty with blood or any other body
fluids.
3. List three non-clinical moments for hand hygiene.
Hanh hygiene should be performed in some non-clinical moments:
- After hands are visibly soiled
- After visiting toilet
- Before eating or handling foods
4. Outline the hand care guidelines related to:
a. Maintaining finger nails
- Need to keep nails short by trimming often
- When washing hands, remember to scrub underside of nails with brush
- Clean the tools such as clipper and file to do your nails before use
- In the case going to nails salon, make sure those tools are sterilized
- Avoid biting or chewing nails, and cutting cuticles
- Don’t rip or bite a hangnail, it should be cut by trimmer.
b. Removal of jewellery and watches
- Should discourage the wearing of jewellery and watches in healthcare facility.
- If jewellery must be worn such as wedding ring, it should be kept a minimum at
work place. During the hand practice, it should be moved about on the finger to
ensure no missing part without clean
- Don’t wear jewellery and watches when performing or assisting operations
c. Maintenance of intact skin
- Use hand cream to minimise sensitivity and irritation cause of washing hands and
wearing gloves many times at work
- Wear gloves when appearing the hazards of broken, grazed, torn skin
- Check the ingredients of the hand cream to avoid using oil-based one because it can
damage latex gloves
d. Management of cuts and abrasions
- Cover cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings
- Change them when they’re soiled or loose
- Wear non-sterile gloves
5. Explain the scope and use of the following PPE in accordance with organisational policies
and procedures:
a. Gloves
Gloves can protect patients and healthcare workers who are at risk of exposure to
infectious agents and no risk of splashing contact. Therefore, they are used to
prevent the contamination when:
- Directly contact with blood or body substances, mucous membranes, non-intact skin
, HLTINF001 - Comply with infection prevention and control policies and procedures -
Assessments
and other potential infectious materials
- Handle or touch potentially contaminated equipment relating to patient care and
environmental surfaces.
Gloves are put on last when they are worn with another PPE and used as a single
use item.
Chose gloves that are comfort, fit and suitable with hands
Select appropriate gloves for the purposes of use: sterile or non-sterile gloves
Gloves should be changed:
- Between care procedures for different patients to prevent transmission from patients
to patients
- During the stages of care for a patient to prevent cross-contamination of body sites
Gloves must be removed and practise hand hygiene when leaving room or touching
surfaces outside of treatment area to prevent contamination of hands and spreading
microorganism into environment.
b. Gown/apron
Gown and apron are required on entering patient’s care area when:
- Health care workers have close contact with patient, materials and equipment that
may cause of contamination of skin, clothes with infectious agents
- There is risk of contamination with blood, body substances, secretions or excretions
Gown and apron need to be change between patients
Gown/apron is worn for single procedure, stage of patient care or cleaning activity
and discarded
c. Mask
- Masks are single-use items and fitted to cover nose and mouth to prevent splashes or
sprays from reaching those body parts of person wearing
- Be worn during any sterile procedures
- Use to prevent the splashes or sprays of blood or body substances
- Use during the procedures may create dust
- Use in caring patients have potential respiratory secretion
- Be worn for additional droplet and airborne precautions.
- Can be used for coughing patients to prevent the infectious respiratory secretions from
spreading to others
- Should be changed when becoming soiled or wet
- Never re-apply after removing
- Should not be left around the neck
- Avoid touching the front of mask when wearing
- Need to perform hand hygiene before wearing and after taking off the masks.
d. Protective glasses.
- Include goggles and other safety glasses with side-shield protection.
- Be worn to reduce the high risk of exposure of splashes or sprays of blood and other
