Compilation of Test Bank Reviewer for Pyschometrician

Compilation of Test Bank Reviewer for Pyschometrician (Note: correct answers are marked in green) Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology An Integrative Approach 6th Edition Part 1 by Barlow A psychological dysfunction refers to 1. a. a breakdown in cognitive functioning. 2. b. a breakdown in emotional functioning. 3. c. a breakdown in behavioral functioning. 4. d. all of these In regard to the criteria that define abnormality, it would be correct to state that 1. a. no one criterion has yet been developed that fully defines abnormality. 2. b. personal distress is the one criterion that defines abnormality. 3. c. the criteria differ depending on the cause of the psychological disorder. 4. d. the criteria differ depending on whether the individual has a psychological disorder or a psychological dysfunction. The historic belief that the movements and/or positions of the moon, stars, and planets influence human behavior is still held by followers of the pseudoscience called . 1. a. graphology 2. b. parapsychology 3. c. astronomy 4. d. astrology Until the 1970s, hysterical disorders were diagnosed only in women. In fact, the term "hysteria" derives from the Greek hysteron, which means . 1. a. ovary 2. b. uterus - Given 3. c. pregnancy 4. d. vagina You are listening to old musical tunes, including "My Melancholy Baby." Your friends are impressed when you tell them that "melancholic," referring to a depressive personality, derives from a Greek word meaning . 1. a. blood - Given 2. b. phlegm 3. c. yellow bile 4. d. black bile2/98 The treatment given to the mentally ill King Charles VI of France showed that the causes of his disorder were attributed to phenomena. 1. a. natural 2. b. supernatural 3. c. both natural and supernatural 4. d. neither natural nor supernatural In terms of their typical course, schizophrenia follows a chronic course, while mood disorders, including depression, follow a(n) _ course. 1. a. episodic 2. b. time-limited 3. c. guarded 4. d. insidious The biological and psychological models or theories of abnormality derived originally from the ancient Greek concept in which the 1. a. mind was considered separate from the body. 2. b. flow of bodily fluids affected behavior and personality. 3. c. female reproductive organs were associated with psychopathology. 4. d. movement of the planets influenced human behavior. In an attempt to rid the body of the excessive humors thought to be causing psychological disorders, physicians throughout history have used treatments such as . 1. a. bloodletting 2. b. induced seizures 3. c. exorcism 4. d. drilling through the skull During the Middle Ages, as well as at other times, mentally ill people were sometimes forced to undergo the religious ritual called exorcism in order to 1. a. cure the mental illness by making the individual more religious. 2. b. build up muscle strength and make the person healthier. 3. c. rid the individual`s body of evil spirits. - Given 4. d. prove that the person was not a witch. The typical profile or prototype of a disorder reflects the as described in DSM-IV. 1. a. theoretical perspectives on abnormality 2. b. treatments for mental disorders 3. c. causes of mental illness 4. d. diagnostic criteria for psychological disorders - Given Dr. Littlefox studies the origins and causes of psychological disorders, including the biological, psychological, and social dimensions. Dr. Littlefox studies the of a disorder. 1. a. prognosis 2. b. etiology 3. c. outcome 4. d. psychopathology3/98 A psychological disorder is said to have an acute onset if the symptoms develop , while it has an insidious onset if the symptoms develop . 1. a. suddenly; gradually 2. b. suddenly; atypically 3. c. gradually; atypically 4. d. atypically; suddenly Based on Hippocrates' humoral theory, "sanguine" describes a person who is . 1. a. pessimistic 2. b. pale 3. c. cheerful 4. d. humorous In ancient Greece, "humoral excesses" thought to be causing psychological disorders were treated by 1. a. increasing or decreasing the person`s exposure to heat, dryness, moisture, or cold. 2. b. herbal remedies. 3. c. decreasing both caloric and liquid intake. 4. d. lowering the person`s body temperature for extended periods of time. Somatoform disorders, a current DSM-IV classification that evolved from the concept of "hysteria," affect 1. a. adult males only. 2. b. adult females only. 3. c. both males and females of any age. 4. d. children only. In the 1930s, when insulin shock therapy was deemed too risky as a treatment for mental disorder, began to be used instead. 1. a. bromides 2. b. electroconvulsive therapy 3. c. megavitamin therapy 4. d. moral therapy Induced vomiting was a 17th century treatment for depression. As described in Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this could be accomplished by eating . 1. a. raw meat 2. b. ice 3. c. coal 4. d. tobacco In keeping with an accepted treatment for mental illness in the 14th century, a physician treating King Charles VI of France had him moved to the countryside in order to 1. a. be closer to a hospital that treated mental illness. 2. b. keep him away from his family. 3. c. restore the balance in his humors. 4. d. cure him of hysteria.4/98 Developmental psychopathology refers to the study of changes in 1. a. abnormal behavior. 2. b. normal behavior. 3. c. children`s behavior, both normal and abnormal. 4. d. normal adolescent behavior. According to the authors of your textbook, the definition of a psychological disorder is associated with . 1. a. stress 2. b. impaired functioning 3. c. culturally expected responses 4. d. psychotic symptoms A male college student begins feeling sad and lonely. Although still able to go to classes and work at his job, he finds himself feeling down much of the time and worrying about what is happening to him. Which part of the definition of abnormality applies to his situation? 1. a. Personal distress 2. b. Cultural factors 3. c. Impaired functioning 4. d. Violation of societal norms One hot and humid night, one of your friends suggests doing some really crazy things. You look up at the sky and say, "It must be the full moon." Your statement reflects the concept from which the word is derived. 1. a. lunatic 2. b. idiot 3. c. maniac 4. d. psychopath During the Middle Ages, groups of people would suddenly exhibit bizarre behavior such as running out into the street, dancing, shouting, and jumping around. This was known as . 1. a. tarantism 2. b. lycanthropy 3. c. demonic possession 4. d. the chicken dance After college graduation, two of your friends are interested in careers in the helping professions. Anna wants to become a psychiatrist; Carl plans on becoming a psychologist. Since you are taking a course in Abnormal Psychology, they ask you for career advice. You would tell 1. a. Anna to apply to medical school and Carl to study psychology at the graduate level. 2. b. Carl to apply to medical school and Anna to study psychology at the graduate level. 3. c. both of them to apply to medical school. 4. d. both of them to apply to graduate school.5/98 Bloodletting, a treatment devised centuries ago to restore the balance of humors, was accomplished with the use of . 1. a. needles 2. b. leeches 3. c. tourniquets 4. d. bacteria Toward the end of the 14th century and continuing into the 15th century, the causes of "madness" were generally attributed to 1. a. toxins in the blood. 2. b. religious delusions. 3. c. brain disease. 4. d. demons and witches. The traditional tendency to stigmatize women as "hysterical" derived from Hippocrates' concept of . 1. a. the `wandering uterus` 2. b. an `incompetent cervix` 3. c. `penis envy` 4. d. `pelvic dysfunction` Since the time of ancient Greece, the concept of a psyche or soul was similar to that of the . 1. a. brain 2. b. mind 3. c. body 4. d. blood The concept of hysteria, which traditionally meant physical symptoms for which no organic pathology could be found, is now associated with which DSM-IV classification? 1. a. Anxiety disorders 2. b. Neurosis 3. c. PMS 4. d. Somatoform disorders The first significant supporting evidence for a biological cause of a mental disorder was the 19th century discovery that the psychotic disorder called general paresis was caused by the same bacterial microorganism that causes . 1. a. malaria 2. b. Alzheimer`s disease 3. c. syphilis 4. d. hysteria When Larry was diagnosed with schizophrenia, his family wanted to know how the disorder would affect him and how it would progress. In medical terms, they wanted to know Larry's . 1. a. diagnosis 2. b. prognosis 3. c. psychosocial profile6/98 4. d. pathology A disorder that comes on slowly is said to have a(n) onset. 1. a. acute 2. b. chronic 3. c. insidious 4. d. overt A is what first brought the individual to therapy; the represents the unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific disorder. 1. a. diagnosis; symptoms 2. b. incidence, prevalence 3. c. clinical description; presenting problem 4. d. presenting problem; clinical description Behaviors that deviate from the norm are 1. a. always seen as a disorder if they violate social norms. 2. b. considered a disorder regardless of culture. 3. c. typically seen as a disorder when they impair function. 4. d. never judged on the basis of the person who does them. Rocky Starr is a rocker who wears outlandish female makeup and women’s clothing when performing on stage. This behavior is considered 1. a. more abnormal than that of a business man who suddenly starts to do so. 2. b. less abnormal than that of the business man because it contributes to his job success. 3. c. less abnormal than that of a female who wears makeup every day. 4. d. just as abnormal as that of the business man who starts wearing makeup. Incidence refers to 1. a. how many people in the population as a whole have a disorder. 2. b. how many new cases of a disorder occur during a given period of time. 3. c. the percentage of males and females who have a disorder. 4. d. how many people have recovered from a disorder in a given period of time. At various times in history, in an attempt to explain problematic, irrational behavior, humans have focused on supernatural causes that include all of the following EXCEPT 1. a. magnetic fields. 2. b. demons and evil spirits. 3. c. bodily humors. 4. d. the moon and stars. The criterion that a particular behavior be atypical or not culturally expected is insufficient to define abnormality because 1. a. behavior that occurs infrequently is considered abnormal in every culture. 2. b. society is less willing to tolerate eccentricity in people who are productive. 3. c. behaviors vary very little from one culture to another. 4. d. many people behave in ways that deviate from the average, but this doesn`t mean that they have a disorder.