(IBCLC) Certification Exam Review 2022, All you need to pass with distinction!

(IBCLC) Certification Exam Review 2022 1. % of breastmilk that is carbohydrates: Approximately 7% Wikipedia. 2. % of breastmilk that is fat: Approximately 4% Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 50. 3. % of breastmilk that is protein: Approximately .8 - 1 % Mannel, Martens & Walker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Prac- tice (2nd ed.), page 272. 4. % of calories in breastmilk from carbohydrates: Approximately 40% Hale and Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 69. 5. % of calories in breastmilk from fat: Approximately 50% Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 124. 6. % of calories in breastmilk from protein: Approximately 10% Mannel, Martens & Walker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Prac- tice (2nd ed.), page 272. 7. Acinus: Any of the small sacs or alveoli that terminate the ducts and are lined with secretory cells. Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. Available online: am-web- 8. Acrocyanosis: Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet in the newborn; pe- ripheral cyanosis. Should not persist beyond 24 hours after birth. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 9. Active immunity: Immunity conferred by the production of antibodies by one's own immune system. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 868. 10. Active transport: Passage of drug into breastmilk assisted by components in breastmilk. Hale & Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 470. 11. Acyclovir/Zovirax: Antiviral used to treat herpes infections, L2. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177. 12. Aerobic bacteria: Bacteria requiring air for metabolic processes. The breast is colonized with this type of bacteria. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 13. AGA: Appropriate for Gestational Age. Having a birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentile on intrauterine growth charts. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 671. 14. Alcohol and breastfeeding: Alcohol can decrease milk supply. Breastfeeding must be interrupted for 1 hour per drink, or until mother is sober. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 171 & 188. 15. Aldomet/Methyldopa: Antihypertensive, L2. Frequently used to treat hyper- tension during pregnancy. No concerns reported via breastmilk. Hale, 2010. Medications and Mother's Milk (14th ed.), page 667. 16. Allergen: A substance that causes an allergic response, such as foods, drugs, inhalants. Cow's milk is common source for infants. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 17. lphalactalbumin: A major protein found in human milk whey. Assists in pro- cessing lactose. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 18. Alveolar ridge: The ridges on the upper and lower jaw where infant's teeth will grow. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 19. Alveolus, alveoli: Secrete and store milk for let down. Surrounded by myoep- ithelial cells, contractile cells and connective tissue. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 80. 20. Amenorrhea: A natural phase of infertility that takes place when a mother is exclusively breastfeeding. Menstruation has not returned. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 707 &865. 21. Amoxicillin: Antibiotic, L2. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177. 22. Ampicillin: Antibiotic, L1. Observe for change in intestinal flora, compatible. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 177. 23. Anaphylaxis: Hypersensitivity (as to foreign proteins or drugs) resulting from sensitization following prior contact with the causative agent. Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. 24. Anchor scar: Surgical technique for breast reduction, slang. 25. Ankyglossia: A tongue tie. Characterized by a thick, short, or tight frenulum under the tongue. Can cause breastfeeding issues, such as a painful latch or inefficient milk transfer. 26. Anterior pituitary: This gland releases prolactin into the blood effecting milk production and ejection. It is susceptible to stress. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 91. 27. Anthrax: Infectious disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium (Bacillus anthrax), characterized by external ulcerating nodules or by lesions in the lungs. Merriam Webster Medical Dictionary. 28. Antibody: Immunoglobulin formed in response to an antigen, including bacte- ria and viruses. Antibodies attack those bacteria or viruses helping the body resist infection. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 29. Antigen: Substance that stimulates antibody production. May be dust, food, or bacteria. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 863. 30. Apgar score: Index to evaluate the condition of a newborn infant based on a rating of 0, 1, or 2 for color, heart rate, reflex response, muscle tone, and respiration with 10 being a perfect score. Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. gar%20score. 31. Apocrine gland: Sweat glands located on the areola that secrete a scent. Mannel, Martens & Walker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Prac- tice (2nd ed.), page 197-198. 32. Apoptosis: Programmed normal cell death. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 3 . 33. Applied research: Research that focuses on solving or finding an answer to a clinical or practical problem. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 3 . 34. Areola: The darker pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple. Contains seba- ceous glands (Montgomery Glands) Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 3 . 35. Aspirin: Salicylate analgesic, L3. Use associated with Reye's Syndrome in infants. Hale, 2010. Medications and Mother's Milk (14th ed.), page 87. 36. Atopic eczema: Inherited allergic tendency to skin rashes or inflammation. Exclusively breastfed infants are less likely to develop as cow's milk protein is a common allergen. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 3 . 37. Autocrine control: The point in lactation when milk supply is controlled by milk removal. Local control in the breast. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 9 2 . 38. Autonomy: The capacity of a rational individual to make an informed, un-co- erced decision. Wikipedia. 39. Average: The middle value of a data set. Add all the numbers and divided by the amount of numbers in the set. Wikipedia. Available online: 40. Axilla: Underarm. Breast tissue (the axillary tail) can sometimes extend into axilla. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 3 8 6 4 . 41. B Cell: Lymphocyte produced in bone marrow and peripheral lymphoid tissue; found in breastmilk. Attacks antigens. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 4 . 42. ²lactaglobin: Major protein in bovine milk. Hale & Hartman, 2007. Textbook of Human Lactation, page 40. 43. Back to sleep: A campaign that significantly reduced SIDS. Babies are less prone to SIDS when sleeping on their back. Mannel, Martens & Walker, 2008. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Prac- tice (2nd ed.), page 632. 44. Bactericidal: Destroys bacteria. Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary. 45. Bacteriostatic: Prevents the growth of bacteria. Riordan & Wambach, 2010. Breastfeeding and Human Lactation (4th ed.), page 8 6 4 . 46. Bactrim/Septra: Sulfonamide antibiotic, L3. The mixture of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. No concerns reported via breastmilk. Hale, 2010. Medications and Mother's Milk (14th ed.), page 249.