Maternal Newborn 1 (Questions and Answers)

Maternal Newborn 1 (Questions and Answers) 1. When assessing the adequacy of sperm for conception to occur, which of the following is the most useful criterion? A. Sperm count B. Sperm motility C. Sperm maturity D. Semen volume - B. Although all of the factors listed are important, sperm motility is the most significant criterion when assessing male infertility. Sperm count, sperm maturity, and semen volume are all significant, but they are not as significant sperm motility. 2. A couple who wants to conceive but has been unsuccessful during the last 2 years has undergone many diagnostic procedures. When discussing the situation with the nurse, one partner states, "We know several friends in our age group and all of them have their own child already, Why can't we have one?". Which of the following would be the most pertinent nursing diagnosis for this couple? A. Fear related to the unknown B. Pain related to numerous procedures. C. Ineffective family coping related to infertility. D. Self-esteem disturbance related to infertility. - D. Based on the partner's statement, the couple is verbalizing feelings of inadequacy and negative feelings about themselves and their capabilities. Thus, the nursing diagnosis of self-esteem disturbance is most appropriate. Fear, pain, and ineffective family coping also may be present but as secondary nursing diagnoses. 3. Which of the following urinary symptoms does the pregnant woman most frequently experience during the first trimester? A. Dysuria B. Frequency C. Incontinence D. Burning - B. Pressure and irritation of the bladder by the growing uterus during the first trimester is responsible for causing urinary frequency. Dysuria, incontinence, and burning are symptoms associated with urinary tract infections. 4. Heartburn and flatulence, common in the second trimester, are most likely the result of which of the following? A. Increased plasma HCG levels B. Decreased intestinal motility C. Decreased gastric acidity D. Elevated estrogen levels - . During the second trimester, the reduction in gastric acidity in conjunction with pressure from the growing uterus and smooth muscle relaxation, can cause heartburn and flatulence. HCG levels increase in the first, not the second, trimester. Decrease intestinal motility would most likely be the cause of constipation and bloating. Estrogen levels decrease in the second trimester. 5. On which of the following areas would the nurse expect to observe chloasma? A. Breast, areola, and nipples B. Chest, neck, arms, and legs C. Abdomen, breast, and thighs D. Cheeks, forehead, and nose - D. Chloasma, also called the mask of pregnancy, is an irregular hyperpigmented area found on the face. It is not seen on the breasts, areola, nipples, chest, neck, arms, legs, abdomen, or thighs. 6. A pregnant client states that she "waddles" when she walks. The nurse's explanation is based on which of the following as the cause? A. The large size of the newborn B. Pressure on the pelvic muscles C. Relaxation of the pelvic joints D. Excessive weight gain - C. During pregnancy, hormonal changes cause relaxation of the pelvic joints, resulting in the typical "waddling" gait. Changes in posture are related to the growing fetus. Pressure on the surrounding muscles causing discomfort is due to the growing uterus. Weight gain has no effect on gait. 7. Which of the following represents the average amount of weight gained during pregnancy? A. 12 to 22 lb B 15 to 25 lb C. 24 to 30 lb D. 25 to 40 lb - C. The average amount of weight gained during pregnancy is 24 to 30 lb. This weight gain consists of the following: fetus - 7.5 lb; placenta and membrane - 1.5 lb; amniotic fluid - 2 lb; uterus - 2.5 lb; breasts - 3 lb; and increased blood volume - 2 to 4 lb; extravascular fluid and fat - 4 to 9 lb. A gain of 12 to 22 lb is insufficient, whereas a weight gain of 15 to 25 lb is marginal. A weight gain of 25 to 40 lb is considered excessive. 8. When talking with a pregnant client who is experiencing aching swollen, leg veins, the nurse would explain that this is most probably the result of which of the following? A. Thrombophlebitis B. Pregnancy-induced hypertension C. Pressure on blood vessels from the enlarging uterus ..............