HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. An older patient has been diagnosed with possible white coat hypertension. Which planned action by
the nurse best addresses the suspected cause of the hypertension?
a. Instruct the patient about the need to decrease stress levels.
b. Teach the patient how to self-monitor and record BPs at home.
c. Schedule the patient for regular blood pressure (BP) checks in the clinic.
d. Inform the patient and caregiver that major dietary changes will be needed.
ANS: B
In the phenomenon of “white coat” hypertension, patients have elevated BP readings in a clinical setting and
normal readings when BP is measured elsewhere. Having the patient self-monitor BPs at home will provide a
reliable indication about whether the patient has hypertension. Regular BP checks in the clinic are likely to
be high in a patient with white coat hypertension. There is no evidence that this patient has elevated stress
levels or a poor diet, and those factors do not cause white coat hypertension.
2. Which blood pressure (BP) finding by the nurse indicates that no changes in therapy are needed for a 48-
yr- old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
a. 98/56 mm Hg c. 128/92 mm Hg
b. 128/76 mm Hg d. 142/78 mm Hg
ANS: B
The 8th Joint National Committee’s recommended goal for antihypertensive therapy for a 30- to 59-yr-old
patient with hypertension is a BP below 140/90 mm Hg. The BP of 98/56 mm Hg may indicate
overtreatment of the hypertension and an increased risk for adverse drug effects. The other two blood
pressures indicate a need for modifications in the patient’s treatment.
3. Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient with
newly diagnosed hypertension?
a. Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes.
b. Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness.
c. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs.
d. Increasing physical activity alone controls blood pressure (BP) for most
people. ANS: C
Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage has occurred. Lifestyle changes (e.g., physical
activity, dietary changes) are used to help manage BP, but drugs are needed for most patients. Home BP
monitoring should be taught to the patient and findings checked by the health care provider frequently when
starting treatment for hypertension and then every 3 months when stable.
4. The nurse on the intermediate care unit received change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
a. 48-yr-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain
b. 52-yr-old with a blood pressure of 198/90 mm Hg who has
intermittent claudication
c. 50-yr-old with a blood pressure of 190/104 mm Hg who has a creatinine of
1.7 mg/dL
d. 43-yr-old with a blood pressure of 172/98 mm Hg whose urine
shows microalbuminuria
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, HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ANS: A
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HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. An older patient has been diagnosed with possible white coat hypertension. Which planned action by
the nurse best addresses the suspected cause of the hypertension?
a. Instruct the patient about the need to decrease stress levels.
b. Teach the patient how to self-monitor and record BPs at home.
c. Schedule the patient for regular blood pressure (BP) checks in the clinic.
d. Inform the patient and caregiver that major dietary changes will be needed.
ANS: B
In the phenomenon of “white coat” hypertension, patients have elevated BP readings in a clinical setting and
normal readings when BP is measured elsewhere. Having the patient self-monitor BPs at home will provide a
reliable indication about whether the patient has hypertension. Regular BP checks in the clinic are likely to
be high in a patient with white coat hypertension. There is no evidence that this patient has elevated stress
levels or a poor diet, and those factors do not cause white coat hypertension.
2. Which blood pressure (BP) finding by the nurse indicates that no changes in therapy are needed for a 48-
yr- old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?
a. 98/56 mm Hg c. 128/92 mm Hg
b. 128/76 mm Hg d. 142/78 mm Hg
ANS: B
The 8th Joint National Committee’s recommended goal for antihypertensive therapy for a 30- to 59-yr-old
patient with hypertension is a BP below 140/90 mm Hg. The BP of 98/56 mm Hg may indicate
overtreatment of the hypertension and an increased risk for adverse drug effects. The other two blood
pressures indicate a need for modifications in the patient’s treatment.
3. Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient with
newly diagnosed hypertension?
a. Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes.
b. Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness.
c. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs.
d. Increasing physical activity alone controls blood pressure (BP) for most
people. ANS: C
Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage has occurred. Lifestyle changes (e.g., physical
activity, dietary changes) are used to help manage BP, but drugs are needed for most patients. Home BP
monitoring should be taught to the patient and findings checked by the health care provider frequently when
starting treatment for hypertension and then every 3 months when stable.
4. The nurse on the intermediate care unit received change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension.
Which patient should the nurse assess first?
a. 48-yr-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain
b. 52-yr-old with a blood pressure of 198/90 mm Hg who has
intermittent claudication
c. 50-yr-old with a blood pressure of 190/104 mm Hg who has a creatinine of
1.7 mg/dL
d. 43-yr-old with a blood pressure of 172/98 mm Hg whose urine
shows microalbuminuria
This study source was downloaded by 100000832558064 from CourseHero.com on 05-10-2022 00:11:39 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/96538874/HESI-FUNDAMENTALS-2020-QUESTIONS-AND-ANSWERSdocx/
, HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2020 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ANS: A
This study source was downloaded by 100000832558064 from CourseHero.com on 05-10-2022 00:11:39 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/96538874/HESI-FUNDAMENTALS-2020-QUESTIONS-AND-ANSWERSdocx/
