NURS 311Patho dropbox 3.
Hematology Case Study
Mr. X, age 57, presented to his physician with marked fatigue, nausea
with occasional diarrhea, and a sore, swollen tongue. Lately he also
has been experiencing a tingling feeling in his toes and a feeling of
clumsiness. Microscopic examination of a blood sample indicated a
reduced number of erythrocytes, many of which are megaloblasts, and
a reduced number of leukocytes, including many large,
hypersegmented cells. Hemoglobin and serum levels of vitamin
B were below normal. Additional tests confirm pernicious anemia.
12
Discussion Questions
1. Relate the pathophysiology of pernicious anemia to the manifestations listed
above.
1. Fatigue- Lack of RBC leads to lack of oxygenation, causing fatigue.
2. Nausea- Decrease in gastric acid leads to stomach discomfort.
3. Diarrhea- Decrease in gastric acid leads to stomach discomfort.
4. Sore, swollen tongue- Large blood cells damage the capillaries on the
surface of the tongue.
5. Tinging in toes- Vitamin B12 deficiency is a direct cause of demyelination
of peripheral nerves.
6. Feeling on clumsiness- Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause damage to
the nervous system.
(Hubert, R. J., & VanMeter, K. 2018 p. 195)
2. Analyze how the gastric abnormalities contribute to vitamin B12 and iron
deficiency.
1. Gastric abnormalities contribute to vitamin B12 and iron deficiency
because intrinsic factor (IF) binds with vitamin B12 in order to be absorbed
into the intestines. When a person has gastritis, this weakens the stomach
lining. With a weak stomach lining, your body is not able to absorb as
much vitamin B12. (MedlinePlus, 2019) Therefore, many different gastric
abnormalities increase the risk of vitamin B12 and iron deficiency, causing
pernicious anemia.
3. Examine how vitamin B12 deficiency causes complications associated with
pernicious anemia.
1. Complications regarding vitamin B12 deficiency include:
1. Nervous system damage
2. False positive pap-smear for women
1. This is because vitamin B12 deficiency effects the way
epithelial cells look in the cervix.
3. Bone fractures
1. Vitamin B12 deficiency decreases bone strength.
(MedlinePlus, 2019)
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 05-13-2022 06:24:42 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/46696896/Patho-dropbox-3docx/
Hematology Case Study
Mr. X, age 57, presented to his physician with marked fatigue, nausea
with occasional diarrhea, and a sore, swollen tongue. Lately he also
has been experiencing a tingling feeling in his toes and a feeling of
clumsiness. Microscopic examination of a blood sample indicated a
reduced number of erythrocytes, many of which are megaloblasts, and
a reduced number of leukocytes, including many large,
hypersegmented cells. Hemoglobin and serum levels of vitamin
B were below normal. Additional tests confirm pernicious anemia.
12
Discussion Questions
1. Relate the pathophysiology of pernicious anemia to the manifestations listed
above.
1. Fatigue- Lack of RBC leads to lack of oxygenation, causing fatigue.
2. Nausea- Decrease in gastric acid leads to stomach discomfort.
3. Diarrhea- Decrease in gastric acid leads to stomach discomfort.
4. Sore, swollen tongue- Large blood cells damage the capillaries on the
surface of the tongue.
5. Tinging in toes- Vitamin B12 deficiency is a direct cause of demyelination
of peripheral nerves.
6. Feeling on clumsiness- Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause damage to
the nervous system.
(Hubert, R. J., & VanMeter, K. 2018 p. 195)
2. Analyze how the gastric abnormalities contribute to vitamin B12 and iron
deficiency.
1. Gastric abnormalities contribute to vitamin B12 and iron deficiency
because intrinsic factor (IF) binds with vitamin B12 in order to be absorbed
into the intestines. When a person has gastritis, this weakens the stomach
lining. With a weak stomach lining, your body is not able to absorb as
much vitamin B12. (MedlinePlus, 2019) Therefore, many different gastric
abnormalities increase the risk of vitamin B12 and iron deficiency, causing
pernicious anemia.
3. Examine how vitamin B12 deficiency causes complications associated with
pernicious anemia.
1. Complications regarding vitamin B12 deficiency include:
1. Nervous system damage
2. False positive pap-smear for women
1. This is because vitamin B12 deficiency effects the way
epithelial cells look in the cervix.
3. Bone fractures
1. Vitamin B12 deficiency decreases bone strength.
(MedlinePlus, 2019)
This study source was downloaded by 100000839495789 from CourseHero.com on 05-13-2022 06:24:42 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/46696896/Patho-dropbox-3docx/
