States of Matter & Changes of State

States of Matter The physical forms matter can take. There are 5! Changes of State The change of matter from one state or phase to another. There are 6! 00:45 01:29 Melting Energy is added to change a solid into a liquid Freezing Energy is removed to change a liquid into a solid Vaporization Energy is added to change a liquid into a gas Evaporation Vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid and can occur at any temperature. Boiling Vaporization that occurs throughout a liquid and occurs at high temperatures. The pressure in the liquid must match the pressure above the liquid. Condensation Energy is removed to change a gas into a liquid. Sublimation Energy is added to change a solid directly into a gas. Desublimation/Deposition Energy is removed to change a gas directly into a solid. (example: frost) Solid Has a definite shape and volume and the particles very little kinetic energy but vibrate in place. Liquid Has a definite volume but no definite shape. The particles have a medium amount of kinetic energy and can slide past one another. Gas Has NO definite shape or volume. The particles have a lot of kinetic energy and move anywhere. Plasma Has no definite shape or volume and has the most amount of kinetic energy. It is found in stars, neon lights and lightning. Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) The newest state of matter that was created in a lab. Rubidium was cooled within a few degrees of absolute zero and a super atom was created. Kinetic Theory of Matter Matter is made of small particles, these are always in random motion, they occupy space, and theory arrangement determines their state. Expand To spread out, stretch Contract To become smaller, narrower Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space Kinetic energy Energy of motion Potentional energy Energy that is stored in an object due to its position or arrangement Mass the amount of matter in an object