TNCC 8th Edition Questions and Answers
What are the greatest risks for transport? Correct Answers: Loss of airway patency, displaced
obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or reinforce
dressings, deterioration in patient status change in vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the
patient and/or team members
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force? Correct Answers:
Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? Correct Answers: Kinetic
energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity therefore when mass is doubled
so is the net energy, however, when velocity is doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is tension? Correct Answers: stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is compression? Correct Answers: Crushing by squeezing together
What is bending? Correct Answers: Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the side
the person is bending toward intention to the opposite side
What is shearing? Correct Answers: Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different parts
in opposite directions at the same time.
What is torsion? Correct Answers: Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
What is combined loading? Correct Answers: Any combination of tension compression torsion
bending and/or shear.
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? Correct Answers: Blunt, penetrating, thermal, or
blast.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? Correct Answers: The point of
impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability to resist (bone versus
soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the trajectory of force.
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle accidents? Correct Answers:
Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and ejection.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. Correct Answers: The first
impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the
initial impact when the occupant continues to move in the original direction of travel until they collide
with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third impact occurs when internal structures
collide within the body cavity.
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by penetrating trauma's? Correct
Answers: The point of impact, the velocity and speed of impact, and the proximity to the object.
, What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: The direct blast effects. Types of
injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear damage, abdominal
hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: Projectiles propelled by the
explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: Results from individuals being
thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial body translocation from being thrown against
a hard service: blunt or penetrating trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: All explosion related injuries,
illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include external and internal
burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust
smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and hypertension.
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? Correct Answers: Those associated with exposure to
hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical components of a blast. Injuries include a
variety of health effects depending on agent.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs and blood stream Correct
Answers: Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the
passive movement of gases from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration;
and perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the
entire body.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal airway? Correct Answers:
Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull
fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in unresponsive patients unable to maintain their airway,
without a gag reflex as a temporary measure to facilitate ventilation with a bag mask device or
spontaneous ventilation until the patient can be intubated.
Describe the measurement of an NPA Correct Answers: Measure from the tip of the patient's nose to
the tip of the patients earlobe.
Measurement of an OPA Correct Answers: Place the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at
the corner of the mouth to the tip of the mandibular angle.
True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways. Correct Answers: False. When placing one of
these? One should consider the potential need for a definitive airway.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement Correct Answers: Placement of a CO2 monitoring
device, Assessing for equal chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for
equal breath sounds.
When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing
or decreasing the ventilation rate? Correct Answers: Increasing the ventilation rate. Doing so would
allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
What are the greatest risks for transport? Correct Answers: Loss of airway patency, displaced
obstructive tubes lines or catheters, dislodge splinting devices, need to replace or reinforce
dressings, deterioration in patient status change in vital signs or level of consciousness, injury to the
patient and/or team members
According to newtons law which of these two force is greater: size or force? Correct Answers:
Neither. For each force there is an equal and opposite reaction.
What is the relationship between mass and velocity to kinetic energy? Correct Answers: Kinetic
energy is equal to 1/2 the mass multiplied the square of its velocity therefore when mass is doubled
so is the net energy, however, when velocity is doubled energy is quadrupled.
What is tension? Correct Answers: stretching force by pulling at opposite ends
What is compression? Correct Answers: Crushing by squeezing together
What is bending? Correct Answers: Loading about an axis. Bending causes compression on the side
the person is bending toward intention to the opposite side
What is shearing? Correct Answers: Damage by tearing or bending by exerting faucet different parts
in opposite directions at the same time.
What is torsion? Correct Answers: Torsion forces twist ends in opposite directions.
What is combined loading? Correct Answers: Any combination of tension compression torsion
bending and/or shear.
What are the four types of trauma related injuries? Correct Answers: Blunt, penetrating, thermal, or
blast.
What are contributing factors to injuries related to blunt traumas? Correct Answers: The point of
impact on the patient's body, the type of surface that is hit, the tissues ability to resist (bone versus
soft tissue, air-filled versus solid organs), and the trajectory of force.
What are the seven patterns of pathway injuries related to motor vehicle accidents? Correct Answers:
Up and over, down and under, lateral, rotational, rear, roll over, and ejection.
Differentiate between the three impacts of motor vehicle impact sequence. Correct Answers: The first
impact occurs when the vehicle collided with another object. The second impact occurs after the
initial impact when the occupant continues to move in the original direction of travel until they collide
with the interior of the vehicle or meet resistance. The third impact occurs when internal structures
collide within the body cavity.
What are the three factors that contribute to the damage caused by penetrating trauma's? Correct
Answers: The point of impact, the velocity and speed of impact, and the proximity to the object.
, What causes the primary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: The direct blast effects. Types of
injuries include last long, tympanic membrane rupture and middle ear damage, abdominal
hemorrhage and perforation, global rupture, mild Trumatic brain injury.
What causes the secondary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: Projectiles propelled by the
explosion. Injuries include penetrating or blunt injuries or I penetration.
What causes the tertiary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: Results from individuals being
thrown by the blast wind. Injuries include hole or partial body translocation from being thrown against
a hard service: blunt or penetrating trauma's, fractures, traumatic amputations.
What causes quarternary effects of blast traumas? Correct Answers: All explosion related injuries,
illnesses, or diseases not due to the first three mechanisms. Injuries include external and internal
burns, crush injuries, closed and open brain injuries, asthmatic or breathing problems from dust
smoke or toxic fumes, angina, or hyper glycemia and hypertension.
What causes quinary effects of blasts traumas? Correct Answers: Those associated with exposure to
hazardous materials from radioactive, biologic, or chemical components of a blast. Injuries include a
variety of health effects depending on agent.
What are the three processes that transfer oxygen from the air to the lungs and blood stream Correct
Answers: Ventilation: the active mechanical movement of air into and out of the lungs; diffusion: the
passive movement of gases from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration;
and perfusion: the movement of blood to and from the lungs as a delivery medium of oxygen to the
entire body.
When would you use a nasopharyngeal airway versus an oral pharyngeal airway? Correct Answers:
Nasopharyngeal airways is contraindicated in patients with facial trauma or a suspected basilar skull
fracture. Oral pharyngeal airways is used in unresponsive patients unable to maintain their airway,
without a gag reflex as a temporary measure to facilitate ventilation with a bag mask device or
spontaneous ventilation until the patient can be intubated.
Describe the measurement of an NPA Correct Answers: Measure from the tip of the patient's nose to
the tip of the patients earlobe.
Measurement of an OPA Correct Answers: Place the proximal end or flange of the airway adjunct at
the corner of the mouth to the tip of the mandibular angle.
True or false: NPAs and OPAs are definitive airways. Correct Answers: False. When placing one of
these? One should consider the potential need for a definitive airway.
Name the three ways to confirm ETT placement Correct Answers: Placement of a CO2 monitoring
device, Assessing for equal chest rise and fall, and listening at the epigastrium and four lung fields for
equal breath sounds.
When capnography measurement reads greater than 45MMHG, the nurse should consider increasing
or decreasing the ventilation rate? Correct Answers: Increasing the ventilation rate. Doing so would
allow the patient to blow off retained CO2.
