6531 Final Exam Questions alphabetical.

) What is the most commonly abused substance? alcohol is the #1 abused substance in America. An estimated 135.5 million people drink alcohol, but of those people, 86 million are considered to be abusers, 2.) Diagnostic confirmation of acute leukemia is based on: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy 3.) Risk factors for Addison’s disease include which of the following? Tuberculosis, Autoimmune disease, AIDS (all of the above) 4.) Successful management of a patient with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be achieved with: Ritalin and diet 5.) The correct treatment for ankle sprain during the first 48 hours after injury includes: a cold compress to help reduce swelling (Rest, ice, compression, elevation) 6.) A 15 year-old female patient is 5 feet tall and weighs 85 pounds. You suspect anorexia and know that the best initial approach is to: Having the client in view of staff for 90 minutes after each meal Provide the client with a feeling of responsibility and control over her behavior 7.) A 32 year old male patient complains of urinary frequency and burning on urination for 3 days. Urinalysis reveals bacteriuria. He denies any past history of urinary tract infection. The initial treatment should be: include nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals, trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), or fosfomycin. trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole 8.) Dave, age 38, states that he thinks he has an ear infection because he just flew back from a business trip and feels unusual pressure in his ear. You diagnose barotrauma. What is your next action? Prescribe nasal steroids and oral decongestants 9.) A patient presenting for an annual physical exam has a BMI of 25 kg/m2 This patient would be classified as: Overweight 10.)Which of the following is not a common early sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? Strong urinary stream flow. 11.)Which of the following accounts for half of the bladder tumors among men and one third in women? Cigarette smoke, both active and passive inhalation 12.)Which of the following set of symptoms should raise suspicion of a brain tumor? Holocranial headaches present in the morning and accompanied by projectile vomiting without nausea 13.)Sally, a computer programmer, has just been given a new diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Your next step is to: try neutral position wrist splinting and order an oral NSAID 14.)Which drug category contains the drugs that are the first line Gold standard therapy for COPD? Beta antagonist 15.)Other than smoking cessation, which of the following slows the progression of COPD in smokers? oxygen 16.)Which of the following is not appropriate suppression therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis? Erythromycin 17.)Central obesity, “moon” face, and dorsocervical fat pad are associated with: Cushings syndrome 18.)What is the most common cause of Cushing’s syndrome? the long-term, high-dose use of the cortisol-like glucocorticoids DIABETES 19.)Diabetes screening recommendations for asymptomatic adults age 45 and over include which of the following: (HbA1C and 2-hour 75gram oral glucose tolerance test) 20.)A diabetic patient is taking low-dose enalapril for hypertension. A record of the patient’s blood pressure over 4 weeks ranges from 130 to 142 mmHg systolic and 75 to 85 mmHg diastolic. How should the nurse practitioner respond? Answer: Current guidelines recommend lowering BP to 135/80 mmHg 21.)Which of the following is not a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus? It is generally controlled by diet and/or oral medication. 22.)The most accurate measure of diabetes control is: hemoglobin A1c considered the most accurate measurement or Glycosylated hemoglobin level 23.)Which factors are associated with high risk for foot complications in a patient with diabetes mellitus? Obesity Abnormal nails Abnormal gait Poorly controlled lipids Obesity 2.Abnormal nails 3.Abnormal gait 4.Poorly controlled lipids 24.)An 81-year-old female is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. When considering drug therapy for this patient, the nurse practitioner is most concerned with which of the following side effects? Hypoglycemia 25.)Martin, a 58 year old male with diabetes, is at your office for his diabetes follow up. On examining his feet with monofilament, you discover that he has developed decreased sensation in both feet. There are no open areas or signs of infection on his feet. What health teaching should Martin receive today regarding the care if his feet? See a podiatrist yearly; wash your feet daily with warm, soapy water and towel dry between the toes; inspect your feet daily for any lesions; and apply lotion to any dry areas. 26.)The best test to determine microalbuminuria to assist in the diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy: measure albumin (microalbuminuria 27.)What diabetic complications result from hyperglycemia? Retinopathy 2. Hypertension resistant to treatment 3. Peripheral neuropathy 28.)An obese hyperlipidemic patient, newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, has fasting glucose values 180 to 250 mg/Dl. What is the most appropriate initial treatment to consider? A sulfonylurea and/or metformin (Glucophage® -XR) D, E, F 29.)The intervention known to be most effective in the treatment of severe depression, with or without psychosis, is: electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). 30.)A 72 year old female patient reports a 6 month history of gradually progressive swollen and painful distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of one hand. She has no systemic symptoms but the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), antinuclear antibody (ANA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) are all minimally elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis? Osteoarthritis