Quiz # 2 - Resp. & Endo LATEST 2022.
The following questions are (0.5 points each). Please provide rationale for each question right
below the question, and bold your answers.
DUE Date: August 1st – Email it to me before class please.
1. The nurse is describing the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs
to the body organs and tissues. What term should the nurse use to describe this process?
A. Perfusion
B. Ventilation
C. Diffusion
D. Circulation
A. Perfusion is movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to
the body organs and tissues. Ventilation is movement of air in/out of lungs. Diffusion is
movement of gases between the lungs and blood stream. Circulation is the movement of
blood to the heart and back out to the body.
2. One of the functions of the pulmonary system is the:
A. expelling of bacteria.
B. exchange of gases between the environment and blood.
C. movement of blood into and out of the capillaries.
D. principal mechanism for cooling of the heart.
B. One of the functions of the pulmonary system is the exchange of gases between the
environment and blood. Coughing or sneezing is expelling bacteria. Perfusion is the
movement of blood in/out of the capillaries.
3. A newborn is in respiratory distress and requires ventilation. Tests reveal that he does not
produce surfactant due to the absence of:
A. mucus-producing cells.
B. type II alveolar cells.
C. alveolar macrophages.
D. goblet cells.
B. Type II alveolar cells are responsible for the production of surfactant. Goblet cells
produce mucus. Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material and remove it through the
lymphatic system.
4. A patient involved in a motor vehicle accident experiences a severe head injury and dies as a
result of the loss of respirations. The nurse suspects the area of the brain most likely damaged
is the:
A. cerebral cortex.
, Quiz # 2 - Resp. & Endo LATEST 2022.
B. thalamus.
C. basal ganglia.
D. brainstem.
D. The brainstem is the respiratory control center. The cerebral cortex is part of the
cerebrum. The thalamus is the center for pain perception. Basal ganglia are responsible for
voluntary motor control.
5. The nurse is describing the receptors in the lung that decrease ventilatory rate and volume
when stimulated. Which receptors is the nurse discussing?
A. Carbon dioxide receptors
B. Baroreceptors
C. Stretch receptors
D. Chemoreceptors
C. Stretch receptors decrease ventilator rate and volume when stimulated, this is
sometimes referred to as the Hering-Breur expiratory reflex. Carbon dioxide receptors
are chemoreceptors. Chemoreceptors increase respiratory depth and rate. Baroreceptors
function to sense pressure changes by responding to change in the tension of the arterial
wall.
6. If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide, which
of the following compensatory responses would the nurse expect to be initiated?
A. Increase in respiratory rate
B. Decrease in ventilation rate
C. Increase in tidal volume
D. Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles
A. Increase in respiratory rate. An increase of CO2 leads to a decrease in the pH
related to the production of hydrogen ions. Increased respiration ventilation
causesPaCO2 to decrease and CO2 to diffuse out of the CSF and the pH returns to
normal. Decreased ventilation rate would cause the CO2 to go higher. Increased tidal
volume. Tidal volume should be kept low for proper oxygenation. Increased CO2
causes vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
7. During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes air to move into the lung.
The mechanism that drives air movement during inspiration results in a(n):
A. decrease in intra-alveolar pressure and shortening of the rib cage.
B. decrease in the size of the thorax and alveolar expansion.
C. increase in the size of the thorax and decrease in intrapleural pressure.
D. increase in atmospheric pressure and intrapleural pressure.
The following questions are (0.5 points each). Please provide rationale for each question right
below the question, and bold your answers.
DUE Date: August 1st – Email it to me before class please.
1. The nurse is describing the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs
to the body organs and tissues. What term should the nurse use to describe this process?
A. Perfusion
B. Ventilation
C. Diffusion
D. Circulation
A. Perfusion is movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to
the body organs and tissues. Ventilation is movement of air in/out of lungs. Diffusion is
movement of gases between the lungs and blood stream. Circulation is the movement of
blood to the heart and back out to the body.
2. One of the functions of the pulmonary system is the:
A. expelling of bacteria.
B. exchange of gases between the environment and blood.
C. movement of blood into and out of the capillaries.
D. principal mechanism for cooling of the heart.
B. One of the functions of the pulmonary system is the exchange of gases between the
environment and blood. Coughing or sneezing is expelling bacteria. Perfusion is the
movement of blood in/out of the capillaries.
3. A newborn is in respiratory distress and requires ventilation. Tests reveal that he does not
produce surfactant due to the absence of:
A. mucus-producing cells.
B. type II alveolar cells.
C. alveolar macrophages.
D. goblet cells.
B. Type II alveolar cells are responsible for the production of surfactant. Goblet cells
produce mucus. Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material and remove it through the
lymphatic system.
4. A patient involved in a motor vehicle accident experiences a severe head injury and dies as a
result of the loss of respirations. The nurse suspects the area of the brain most likely damaged
is the:
A. cerebral cortex.
, Quiz # 2 - Resp. & Endo LATEST 2022.
B. thalamus.
C. basal ganglia.
D. brainstem.
D. The brainstem is the respiratory control center. The cerebral cortex is part of the
cerebrum. The thalamus is the center for pain perception. Basal ganglia are responsible for
voluntary motor control.
5. The nurse is describing the receptors in the lung that decrease ventilatory rate and volume
when stimulated. Which receptors is the nurse discussing?
A. Carbon dioxide receptors
B. Baroreceptors
C. Stretch receptors
D. Chemoreceptors
C. Stretch receptors decrease ventilator rate and volume when stimulated, this is
sometimes referred to as the Hering-Breur expiratory reflex. Carbon dioxide receptors
are chemoreceptors. Chemoreceptors increase respiratory depth and rate. Baroreceptors
function to sense pressure changes by responding to change in the tension of the arterial
wall.
6. If an individual with respiratory difficulty were retaining too much carbon dioxide, which
of the following compensatory responses would the nurse expect to be initiated?
A. Increase in respiratory rate
B. Decrease in ventilation rate
C. Increase in tidal volume
D. Vasodilation of the pulmonary arterioles
A. Increase in respiratory rate. An increase of CO2 leads to a decrease in the pH
related to the production of hydrogen ions. Increased respiration ventilation
causesPaCO2 to decrease and CO2 to diffuse out of the CSF and the pH returns to
normal. Decreased ventilation rate would cause the CO2 to go higher. Increased tidal
volume. Tidal volume should be kept low for proper oxygenation. Increased CO2
causes vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.
7. During inspiration, muscular contraction of the diaphragm causes air to move into the lung.
The mechanism that drives air movement during inspiration results in a(n):
A. decrease in intra-alveolar pressure and shortening of the rib cage.
B. decrease in the size of the thorax and alveolar expansion.
C. increase in the size of the thorax and decrease in intrapleural pressure.
D. increase in atmospheric pressure and intrapleural pressure.
